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  • 1
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    Information, Vol. 6, Pages 388-398: A Neural Network-Based Interval Pattern Matcher (2015)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-18
    Beschreibung: One of the most important roles in the machine learning area is to classify, and neural networks are very important classifiers. However, traditional neural networks cannot identify intervals, let alone classify them. To improve their identification ability, we propose a neural network-based interval matcher in our paper. After summarizing the theoretical construction of the model, we take a simple and a practical weather forecasting experiment, which show that the recognizer accuracy reaches 100% and that is promising.
    Digitale ISSN: 2078-2489
    Thema: Informatik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Materials, Vol. 12, Pages 1306: Use of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Tailings for Improving the Stability of Tailings Dam (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Materials
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: As one of the largest artificial geotechnical structures on earth, the tailings dams are classified as one of the high-risk sources in China’s industry. How to improve the stability and safety of tailings dams remains a challenge for mine operators currently. In this paper, an innovative method is presented for improving the stability of tailings dams, in which the basalt fiber is used to reinforce tailings. The mechanical properties of tailings used for dam-construction have a great influence on the stability of tailings dam. In order to investigate the mechanical performance of basalt fiber-reinforced tailings (BFRT), a series of laboratory triaxial tests were conducted. The effects of five parameters (fiber length, fiber content, particle size, dry density and confining pressure) on the mechanical properties of BFRT were studied. The microstructure and the behavior of interfaces between basalt fibers and tailings particles were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The triaxial experimental test results show that the mechanical properties of BFRT increase with the increases of fiber length and content, particle size, dry density and confining pressure. The SEM results indicate that the interfacial interaction between fibers and tailings particles is mainly affected by particle shape.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Land, Vol. 8, Pages 25: A Citizen-Contributed GIS Approach for Evaluating the Impacts of Land Use on Hurricane-Harvey-Induced Flooding in Houston Area (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Land
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: Hurricane Harvey (2017) caused widespread flash flooding by extremely heavy rainfall and resulted in tremendous damage, including 82 fatalities and huge economic loss in the Houston, Texas area. To reduce hazards, loss, and to improve urban resilience, it is important to understand the factors that influence the occurrence of flooding events. People rely on natural resources and different land uses to reduce the severity of flood impacts and mitigate the risk. In this study, we focused the impacts of land use on Hurricane-Harvey-induced flooding inside and outside the Houston city center. With the recent trend that more citizen scientists serve in delivering information about natural disaster response, local residents in Houston areas participated in delineating the flooded areas in Hurricane Harvey. The flooding information used here generated a published map with citizen-contributed flooding data. A regional model framework with spatial autocovariates was employed to understand those interactions. Different land use patterns and types affected the potential of flooding events differently inside and outside Houston’s city center. Explicitly, we found agricultural and open space were associated with high risk of flooding outside the city center, industrial lands increased the high risk of flooding in city center, and residential areas reduced the potential of flooding both inside and outside the city center. The results can assist with future land use strategy in Houston and other areas, and mitigate potential flash flooding. This study also highlighted the contribution of citizen science to responses to natural hazards.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-445X
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    IJERPH, Vol. 16, Pages 1078: Association of Consecutive Influenza Vaccinations and Pneumonia: A Population-Based Case-Control Study (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether individuals receiving influenza vaccines have a lower risk of pneumonia. A nationwide population-based case-control study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We enrolled 7565 patients each in pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups after diagnosis of patients with chronic pulmonary disease, and these patients were individually age and sex matched in a 1:1 ratio. Using conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were estimated in patients who received influenza vaccination and those who had not previously had pneumonia. Moreover, we also analyzed the interval between vaccination and the onset of pneumonia and the number of vaccinations received by patients. This was compared with patients who never received influenza vaccination. Patients who had received influenza vaccination and had been vaccinated for two consecutive years (aOR = 0.85, confidence interval (CI) = 0.79–0.93 and aOR = 0.75, CI = 0.67–0.85, respectively) showed lower rates of pneumonia occurrence by 15–25%. In conclusion, influenza vaccination significantly reduces the occurrence of pneumonia, especially in individuals who receive vaccination in consecutive years.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Digitale ISSN: 1660-4601
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Sustainability, Vol. 11, Pages 3566: The Evolution of China’s International Aviation Markets from a Policy Perspective on Air Passenger Flows (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: China’s international air transportation has experienced tremendous growth and major reforms over the past two decades. While there has been a considerable discussion on the evolution of China’s domestic aviation market, studies on China’s international aviation markets have been limited. This paper first describes the historical development of China’s international aviation market and then, based on actual origin/destination (O/D) passenger flow data, explores the relevant evolution of China’s international air networks from the perspectives of the spatial distribution of international air networks and clustering characteristics of international air passengers. The development of China’s international aviation market can be attributable to the deregulation process in China’s aviation market and a broad “opening up” strategy in the global forum after 1990. Due to China’s proximity to East Asia and Southeast Asia, China’s international air networks show an obvious clustering pattern for short and medium-haul travel in Asia. In addition, average international air travel distance, institutional and policy changes, and increasing foreign trade and foreign tourism are crucial for the expansion of China’s international air networks.
    Digitale ISSN: 2071-1050
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Sustainability, Vol. 11, Pages 5668: Evaluating Potential Areas for Mountain Wellness Tourism: A Case Study of Ili, Xinjiang Province (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: Evaluation of land-use suitability can prevent problems, such as environmental disruption, wastage of resources, and ecological disruption, when unsuitable tourism-based exploration is undertaken in an area. This study summarizes a novel concept and proposes the idea of wellness tourism, which constitutes health preservation, sports and recovery, medical healing, and aged nursing, integrated with Chinese culture. A spatial suitability evaluation system for wellness tourism was developed in a mountain area via the integration of the analytic network process-Delphi. As wellness tourism activities diversified, land suitability was assigned to four kinds of wellness tourism activities, while considering their unique requirements. Comparative analysis and five-degree suitable maps of four kinds of activities revealed that Yining City and its peripheral localities have the potential of functioning as a comprehensive and national wellness tourist destination. The counties of Horgos, Huocheng, Qapqal, Zhaosu, Tekes, Tokkuztara, and Narat should make full use of their strengths, as they have the advantage of catering to different wellness tourism activities. This paper discusses some conceptual aspects of wellness tourism, provides an example for the selection of potential areas for wellness tourism in the mountainous regions of China, and provides baseline information that can support the development of wellness tourism.
    Digitale ISSN: 2071-1050
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Materials, Vol. 12, Pages 3906: Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Butt Joints of 5A06 Alloy Ultra-Thin Sheets (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Materials
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: Ultra-thin plates have great potential for applications in aircraft skin, the packaging industry, and packaging of electronic products. Herein, 1 mm-thick 5A06 Al alloy was welded with friction stir welding. The microstructural evolution of the welds was investigated in detail with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The results showed that the friction stir welds of 1 mm-thick 5A06 Al alloy were well formed without obvious defect and with a minimum thickness reduction of 0.025 mm. Further, the grain size and the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries decreased with decreasing welding speed, because of the increasing degree of dynamic recrystallization. Among all of the welded joints, the welding speed of 100 mm/min yielded the smallest grain size and the highest proportion of high-angle grain boundaries, and thus the best mechanical properties. Specifically, the tensile strength of the joint was greater than that of the base material, while the elongation reached 80.83% of the base material.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Materials, Vol. 12, Pages 3300: Comparative Study on Welding Characteristics of Laser-CMT and Plasma-CMT Hybrid Welded AA6082-T6 Aluminum Alloy Butt Joints (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Materials
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: Laser-CMT (Cold Metal Transfer) and plasma-CMT hybrid welding are two promising alternative joining technologies for traditional Metal-Inert-Gas (MIG) welding of the aluminum alloy joints in the high speed trains manufacturing industry. In this work, a comparative study on the weld formation, microstructure, micro-hardness, and mechanical properties of the butt joints in the two welding methods was conducted. The results indicate that the overall quality of the laser-CMT and plasma-CMT welds were good, especially of the laser-CMT hybrid weld, and the laser-CMT hybrid welding process needed a lower heat input. The width of the partially melted zone of the laser-CMT hybrid weld was narrower than that in the plasma-CMT hybrid weld. Micro-hardness test results show that two distinct softening regions were identified in the heat affected zone, and the micro-hardness values of each zone in the laser-CMT hybrid weld were lower than that in the plasma-CMT hybrid weld. The tensile strength of the laser-CMT hybrid welded joints was higher than that of the plasma-CMT hybrid welded joints, which could reach up to 79.4% and 73.7% of the base materials, respectively. All the fractures occurred in the softening region and exhibited a ductile shear fracture with a shear angle of approximately 45°. The fractographs manifested that the laser-CMT and plasma-CMT hybrid welded joints presented ductile fracture and ductile-brittle fracture features, respectively.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Symmetry, Vol. 11, Pages 1225: Vector-Coupled Flight Controller Design Based on Multivariable Backstepping Sliding Mode (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Symmetry
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: This study aims to address the issues of the simultaneous control of the angle of attack, sideslip angle, and airspeed of a flight in a vectorial form. A vector controller, with a symmetry structure, is developed to transform the attitude and speed control problem into a space-vector tracking problem. We first establish flight vector-coupled dynamics, i.e., describe velocity and angular-velocity vectors in a body-fixed frame, and then propose a multivariable backstepping sliding mode control algorithm along with nonlinear disturbance observers for the vectorial dynamics. The theoretical analysis ensures that the states of the system can be enforced to reach a small neighborhood of the desired sliding manifold. The results of the numerical simulation illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the combined vector-control scheme.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-8994
    Thema: Mathematik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    IJERPH, Vol. 16, Pages 1626: Association between Statin Use and Sepsis Risk in Patients with Dementia: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: This study investigated the association of statin use with sepsis risk in patients with dementia. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Taiwan by using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified and enrolled 308 patients with newly diagnosed dementia who used statin after dementia diagnosis. These patients were individually propensity score matched (1:1) according to age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, renal disease, liver disease, asthma, malignancy, parkinsonism, and dementia drugs used (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and memantine) with 251 controls (statin non-users). A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio for sepsis in statin users and non-users. After adjustment for other confounding factors, the incidence of sepsis in statin users was 1.42-fold higher than that in non-users (95% confidence interval = 0.81–2.5). In conclusion, our analysis showed no positive association of sepsis with statin use in patients with dementia.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Digitale ISSN: 1660-4601
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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