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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: Although transposon-mediated enhancer trapping (ET) is successfully applied in diverse models, the efficiency of various transposon systems varies significantly, and little information is available regarding efficiency of enhancer trapping by various transposons in zebrafish. Most potential enhancers (Ens) still lack evidence of actual En activity. Here, we compared the differences in ET efficiency between sleeping beauty (SB), piggyBac (PB) and Tol2 transposons. Tol2 represented the highest germline transfer efficiencies at 55.56% (NF0 = 165), followed by SB (38.36%, NF0 = 151) and PB (32.65%, NF0 = 149). ET lines generated by the Tol2 transposon tended to produce offspring with a single expression pattern per line, while PB and SB tended to generate embryos with multiple expression patterns. In our tests, 10 putative Ens (En1–10) were identified by splinkerette PCR and comparative genomic analysis. Combining the GFP expression profiles and mRNA expression patterns revealed that En1 and En2 may be involved in regulation of the expression of dlx1a and dlx2a, while En6 may be involved in regulation of the expression of line TK4 transgene and rps26, and En7 may be involved in the regulation of the expression of wnt1 and wnt10b. Most identified Ens were found to be transcribed in zebrafish embryos, and their regulatory function may involve eRNAs.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-4425
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: A field experiment was conducted to test the suitability of growing sunflower under mulched drip irrigation with saline water in the HID (Hetao Irrigation District), North China. The experiment included five planting densities in which the plant spacing was 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 cm with the same spacing (50 cm) between rows. The results indicated that mulched drip irrigation with saline water was more water-saving than traditional ground irrigation using fresh water, while the irrigation quota increased with the increase of planting density. Little difference of soil salinization was found for the treatments in the 50–100 cm soil layer, which indicated that additional measures should be taken for salt balance with saline water irrigation. The height and leaf area index (LAI) of sunflower increased in response to the increase of plant density, and the head dry matter transferred to the stem at plant densities higher than 47,619 plants/hm2. Though the grain weight and 1000-seed weight decreased with increasing plant density, the achene yield and biomass production increased. This research suggests that a plant spacing of 35 cm with 50 cm of row spacing is more suitable for sunflower mulched drip irrigation with saline water at concentrations of 3.0 g∙L−1.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-4441
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: An eccentric jacket substructure is comprised of circular hollow section tubular joints with complete overlap of braces. The joint is formed with the lap brace overlapping the diagonal through the brace joining the chord face. In this study, the jacket substructure is subjected to a static vertical load due to self-weight and facilities, and four horizontal loads to simulate the environmental loads applied at four different horizontal angles. The maximum stresses at each level of the eccentric jacket are found lower than that of the traditional jacket. For the eccentric jacket substructure, the high stress critical area is mostly located at the short segment of the diagonal through brace joining the chord face. From the parametric study, the ultimate strength of the joint with the complete overlap of braces of the eccentric jacket reduces with increasing the gap size-to-through brace diameter ratio, ξ. With the short segment of the through-brace joining the chord face, the high-stress area is transferred from the joint intersection of the chord and the braces to the lap brace and the diagonal through-brace. It could; therefore, be concluded, based on the strength performance, that the eccentric jacket performed better with maximum stresses and high-stress critical areas.
    Digitale ISSN: 2077-1312
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: The study aimed to assess the impact of an education-based intervention to improve vertical integration and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care in rural China. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in three townships in Jingjiang county, Jiangsu Province were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Participants in the intervention group received an education-based intervention. Patients’ data including the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and sociodemographic characteristics were collected at baseline (2015) and follow-up (2016). The FBG levels decreased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group in the overall analysis. In the stratified analysis, FBG levels and some aspects of HRQoL improved in the intervention group more for females, married persons, those with low education, and those in farming or house working. Participants in the control group deteriorated in FBG levels but improved in some aspects of HRQoL. The intervention improved in FBG levels and some aspects of HRQoL among participants. Furthermore, the intervention seemed to differentially benefit females, married persons, lowly educated persons, and those in farming or house working more than other groups. (Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN13319989. Retrospectively registered 4 April 2017).
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Digitale ISSN: 1660-4601
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: Criminal activities have always been a part of human society, and even today, in a world of extremely advanced surveillance and policing capabilities, many different kinds of crimes are still committed in almost every social environment. However, since those who commit crimes are not representative of the majority of their community, members of these communities tend to wish to report crime when they see it; however, they are often reluctant to do so for fear of their own safety should the people they report identify them. Thus, a great deal of crime goes unreported, and investigations fail to gain key evidence from witnesses, which serves only to foster an environment in which criminal activity is more likely to occur. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes an online illegal event reporting scheme based on cloud technology, which combines digital certificates, symmetric keys, asymmetric keys, and digital signatures. The proposed scheme can process illegal activity reports from the reporting event to the issuing of a reward. The scheme not only ensures informers’ safety, anonymity and non-repudiation, but also prevents cases and reports being erased, and ensures data integrity. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is designed to be robust against abusive use, and is able to preclude false reports. Therefore, it provides a convenient and secure platform for reporting and fighting crime.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-8994
    Thema: Mathematik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: In this study, the effects of tung oil heat treatment on the physico-mechanical properties of moso bamboo were investigated. Here, heat treatment in tung oil at 100–200 °C was used to modify natural bamboo materials. The changes in the nanostructures of cell walls in bamboo caused by oil heat treatment, like density, chemical compositions, and cellulose crystalline, were evaluated to study their correlation with mechanical properties. Results showed that the mechanical performance of bamboo, such as ultimate stress, modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR), didn’t reduce after heat treatment below 200 °C, compared with the untreated bamboo, which was mainly due to the tung oil uptake, stable cellulose content, and the increment of cellulose crystalline. No remarkable change in the ultimate strain occurred for bamboo materials thermally treated below 140 °C, but it decreased obviously at the heating temperature over 180 °C, mainly due to the degradation of hemicellulose resulting in a decrease in the viscoelasticity of cell wall.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: The adsorption of Cu (II) onto two typical types of pyrolytic sludge was investigated in this study. The examined conditions include pH, adsorption time, and temperature, as well as the dosage of adsorbents. Results show that the adsorbents removed the Cu (II) effectively. The adsorbent made from pyrolyzed paper mill sludge (CuMS) exhibited exceptional performance, with a removal efficiency of around 100%. Moreover, the adsorption of Cu (II) onto CuMS was not affected by pH in the range of 3–9. The kinetic data showed better conformation with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption processes of the CuMS fit well to the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption capacity reached 4.90 mg·g−1 under appropriate conditions. Microscopic analysis and FT-IR analysis revealed that the adsorbent with porous structure and high monosilicate content was beneficial to Cu (II) adsorption. Thus, the CuMS is a potentially promising candidate for retaining Cu (II) in aqueous environments.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-4441
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: Mn4+ activated LaMgAl11O19 (LMA/Mn4+) with red emitting phosphor was obtained by sintering under air conditioning. The X-ray diffraction pattern Rietveld refinement results reveal that three six-fold coordinated Al sites are substituted by Mn4+ ions. Furthermore, the chemical valence state of manganese in the LMA host was further confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Photoluminescence emission (PL) and excitation (PLE) spectra of LMA/Mn4+ as well as the lifetime were measured, and the 663 nm emission is ascribed to the 2Eg→4A2g from the 3d3 electrons in the [MnO6]8− octahedral complex. The emission spectrum matches well with the absorption of phytochrome. Temperature-dependent PL spectra show that the color changes of the phosphor at 420 K are 0.0110 for Δx and −0.0109 for Δy. Moreover, doping Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions in the host enhances the emission intensity of Mn4+ ions. These results highlight the potential of LMA/Mn4+ phosphor for a light-emitting diode (LED) plant lamp.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: In the past two decades, great progress has been made in the aspects of fabrication and application of ordered mesoporous metal oxides. Ordered mesoporous metal oxides have attracted more and more attention due to their large surface areas and pore volumes, unblocked pore structure, and good thermal stabilities. Compared with non-porous metal oxides, the most prominent feature is their ability to interact with molecules not only on their outer surface but also on the large internal surfaces of the material, providing more accessible active sites for the reactants. This review carefully describes the characteristics, classification and synthesis of ordered mesoporous metal oxides in detail. Besides, it also summarizes the catalytic application of ordered mesoporous metal oxides in the field of carbon dioxide conversion and resource utilization, which provides prospective viewpoints to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas and the inhibition of global warming. Although the scope of current review is mainly limited to the ordered mesoporous metal oxides and their application in the field of CO2 catalytic conversion via heterogeneous catalysis processes, we believe that it will provide new insights and viewpoints to the further development of heterogeneous catalytic materials.
    Digitale ISSN: 1996-1944
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: In this study, a marine fog episode at King George Island off the Antarctic Peninsula from 26–30 January 2017 was investigated using surface observations, upper-air soundings, and re-analysis data as well as the air mass backward trajectory method. The marine fog episode resulted from an approaching low-pressure system, was maintained at high wind speeds, and quickly dissipated when the low-pressure system passed the observation site. During this episode, cloud lay existed above the fog and stratus, the atmosphere was stably stratified for 1600 m, and the air close to the surface was more mixed than air in the upper layer. The air-sea temperature difference (ASTD) of 1–2 °C and a strong surface wind parallel to the gradient of SST were two important factors in the formation and maintenance of the marine fog near the Antarctic region. The convergence of flux for both water vapor and heat during the fog episode was also discussed.
    Digitale ISSN: 2073-4433
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von MDPI
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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