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  • 1
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    Heat transfer, erosion and acid condensation characteristics for novel H-type finned oval tube (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Description: Low efficiency of heat transfer, acid corrosion and erosion of economizers affect the economy and security in coal-fired power plants significantly. The H-type finned oval tube is proposed to alleviate these problems. Based on the H-type finned oval tube, we investigated three novel types of fins, including bleeding dimples, longitudinal vortex generators (LVGs), and compound dimple-LVG. We considered the three aspects together, and obtained the heat transfer, acid condensation rate and erosion loss. The results show that the tube bank with the new structured fins can improve the performance on the three aspects, and the compound dimple-LVG performs the highest comprehensive effect.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 2
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    The evolution of recrystallized texture of cold-rolled pure copper annealed with a magnetic field in the transverse direction (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-26
    Description: In this paper, the effect of magnetic field annealing was investigated on the evolution of recrystallized texture of a cold-rolled pure copper sheet. During magnetic field annealing the transverse direction of the specimen was set to be parallel to the magnetic field. It was found, although, altering the orientation of the specimen to the magnetic field direction during annealing does not change the type of the recrystallized texture component, the intensity of cube texture in the specimen with field is higher than that without field.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 3
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    Microstructural evolution associated with martensitic transformation in Ni-Mn-Ga alloy (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-26
    Description: Based on the spatially resolved electron backscatter diffraction technique, the microstructural evolution accompanying the martensitic transformation (austenite to 7M martensite) and the intermartensitic transformation (7M martensite to NM martensite) was studied on a polycrystalline Ni53Mn22Ga25 alloy. Results show that the 7M martensite plate groups transformed from initial austenite have a diamond-shape with four twin-related variants. The 7M to NM intermartensitic transformation was accompanied by the thickening of martensite plates. With the experimental results, the characteristics of microstructural evolution during the phase transformations were further analyzed.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
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    Study on the ecological flow process of medium-sized mountainous rivers based on hydraulic habitat protection (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: The proposal of ecological flow is of great scientific significance to conserve river biodiversity. To date, the parameters given by the Eco-hydraulics method are applicable to large rivers. The reference standard is obtained according to the hydraulic habitat parameter standard for fishes in large river and the characteristics of medium-sized mountainous rivers. It can be applied to medium-sized mountainous river and provide better protection for fish. Taking the Zagunao River as the study background, the prototype observation results prove that the reference standard is reasonable. The modified Eco-hydraulics method and the habitat simulation method were coupled to determine the ecological flow process of the Zagunao River. The ecological base flow of the river channel was 17.43 m 3 /s. The proposed peak and valley values of the ecological flow process was 20.9 m 3 /s and 17.43 m 3 /s during the spawning period, respectively. Given the demand of fish...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
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    Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of nutrients in sediment particles in Hangzhou Bay, China (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: In April 2011, the contents of TC, TP, TN, NH4-N and the particle size and pH of surface sediment and suspended particulate matter at 18 stations in Hangzhou Bay were detected and analyzed. The content of nutrients in the bay features high values in the middle and mouth of the bay while low values at the top of the bay, and low values on the north side while high values on the south side of the bay. The contents of TC, TN and NH4-N in suspended particulate matter were significantly higher than those in surface sediments. To a certain extent, this feature reflected the effect of water and sediment transportation. Hydrodynamics in the studied area were active. The sediment differentiation caused by the repeated suspension-transport and sedimentation of the tidal current was one of the important reasons for the difference of the contents and dispersion of nutrients in suspended sediments and surface sediments. The contents of TP in the Hangzhou Bay were high and the contents of mos...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 6
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    Microstructure and mechanical property of 12CrNi2 high strength steel fabricated by laser additive manufacturing technology (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-08
    Description: 12CrNi2 high strength steel thin wall with few defects was fabricated by laser additive manufacturing technology. The microstructure of as-built sample was studied using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, the mechanical property was also investigated by microhardness tests. It was found that the microstructure of the as-built sample mainly consists of columnar dendrites aligned in building direction because of the fast directional cooling during LAM. Cellular grains, and equiaxial dendrites are also observed in different regions of the as-built sample due to heat accumulation effect. Furthermore, many types of microstructure, such as tempered martensite, M-A constituent, retained austenite, lower and upper bainitic ferrite, are appeared in the as-built sample resulting from complex heat history and wide temperature range during LAM process. The maximum and minimum microhardness (499 HV 0.2 ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
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    Carbon Dioxide Minimum Miscibility Pressure with Nanopore Confinement in Tight Oil Reservoirs (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-24
    Description: CO 2 -injection is one of the capable processes in EOR from low-permeable reservoirs and MMP determination is a key factor in estimating the displacement efficiency of the CO 2 in the EOR processes. The laboratory procedures for MMP determination recognized in the oil industry are slim-tube, rising-bubble, or vanishing interfacial tension (VIT). However, the presence of nanopores in tight formations influences phase equilibrium, causing reduction in MMP. Instead, the existing MMP correlations need to be modified for tight reservoirs that might result in reliable MMP. Therefore, MMP measurement is performed using WinProp to validate correlations for tight oil samples. This study presents MMP determination experimentally using VIT for tight oil samples in both recombined-oil and dead-oil conditions. Subsequently, results obtained from VIT are compared with slim-tube results and the relative error was found 4.86% for recombined-oil and 23.36% for dead-oil. A huge...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
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    Storm surge characteristics and extreme parameters in the Chengshantou sea area (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: Storm surge in the Chengshantou sea area is simulated by the advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) wind model is used to simulate wind parameters used to be wind force of storm surge model. The comparison results of storm surges show good agreement between simulations and observations. The storm surge is caused by typhoon in summer but extratropical cyclone in winter. By statistical analysis of storm surge in 20 years, it is found that the annual max negative storm surge are all caused by extratropical cyclone while the frequency of annual max positive storm surge caused by tropical cyclone is about 20%. The extreme parameters are estimated by Gumbel distribution. The positive extreme storm surge of 100 year return period is determined as 95 cm and the negative is -124 cm.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
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    The Pyrolysis Behavior of Modified Poly-m-phenylene Terephthalamide by 4, 4’-diamino Diphenyl Sulfone (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-06
    Description: The modified Poly-m-phenylene terephthalamide (co-PMTA3) was prepared by polycondensa-tion of m-Phenylenediamine, 4, 4’-diamino diphenyl sulfone and terephthaloyl dichloride with a mole ratio of 3:1:4 in N, N’-dimethylacetamide at low temperature. co-PMTA3 was soluble and expected to transform into fiber. The heat-resistance and thermal stability of co-PMTA3 were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravi-metric analysis, respectively. The results indicate that the co-PMTA3 possesses excellent heat-resistance and thermal stability with a glass transition temperature of 318.4 °C, initial thermal decomposition temperatures of 404.0 °C in air and 445.5 °C in nitrogen. In addition, the active energy (Ea) of the decomposition process in air atmosphere was estimated by Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method which was between 116.2 and 315.6 kJ/mol. The results indicate that the decomposition of co-PMTA3 air atmosphere is an overall reaction of multi elementary reactions.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 10
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    Measuring scarce water saving from interregional virtual water flows in China (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-28
    Description: Trade of commodities can lead to virtual water flows between trading partners. When commodities flow from regions of high water productivity to regions of low water productivity, the trade has the potential to generate water saving. However, this accounting of water saving does not account for the water scarcity status in different regions. It could be that the water saving generated from this trade occurs at the expense of the intensified water scarcity in the exporting region, and exerts limited effect on water stress alleviation in importing regions. In this paper, we propose an approach to measure the scarce water saving associated with virtual water trade (measuring in water withdrawal/use). The scarce water is quantified by multiplying the water use in production with the water stress index (WSI). We assessed the scarce water saving/loss through interprovincial trade within China using a multi-region input-output table from 2010. The results show that interprovincial trade...
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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