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  • 1
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    Research progress on urban river landscapes and equilibrium profile (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: With the urbanization development, urban rivers have experienced great changes in the form and stability in the past 60 years, and the problem of urban water ecological security has been highlighted. Using a compilation of research results from more than 100 studies conducted globally, this paper is intended to do the following: i) describe variable river responses to urbanization in terms of river morphology, runoff and sedimentation system, stability, and other mechanisms; ii) summarize three major river classification systems in terms of methods including form-based method, process-based method and synthesis method; iii) evaluate evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned methods in judging processes like the degradation of river form, studying river hydrological process, predicting time periods on river evolution. Given that the evolving urban streams pose huge challenges for city management, successful strategies require a clear understanding of chan...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
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    Transformation rules and degradation of CAHs by Fentonlike oxidation in growth ring of water distribution network-A review (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: Chlorinated hydrocarbons are widely used as organic solvent and chemical raw materials. After treatment, water polluted with trichloroethylene (TCE)/tetrachloroethylene (PCE) can reach the water quality requirements, while water with trace amounts of TCE/PCE is still harmful to humans, which will cause cancers. Water distribution network is an extremely complicated system, in which adsorption, desorption, flocculation, movement, transformation and reduction will occur, leading to changes of TCE/PCE concentrations and products. Therefore, it is important to investigate the transformation rules of TCE/PCE in water distribution network. What’s more, growth-ring, including drinking water pipes deposits, can act as catalysts in Fenton-like reagent (H 2 O 2 ). This review summarizes the status of transformation rules of CAHs in water distribution network. It also evaluates the effectiveness and fruit of CAHs degradation by Fenton-like reagent based on growth-ring. Th...
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 3
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    Feature extraction method of cavitation acoustic emission signals of hydraulic turbines based on improved EMD (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: The cavitation of hydraulic turbine is one of the most difficult problems in the world. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is capable of decomposing the cavitation signals in an adaptive way. Because the traditional EMD has a special end effect, an improved EMD method was erected and applied to extract the features of cavitation acoustic emission (AE) signals of hydraulic turbines in this paper. Comparison of the mirror extension method and the average extremum extension method was carried out on the base of their ability to reduce the end effect, and the better mirror extension was adopted to deal with the cavitation AE signals. The measured AE signals generating from the cavitation were processed and the features were extracted by the improved EMD. Spectrogram can be drawn from cavitation inception to cavitation intensifies. In combination with the energy ratio of the intrinsic mode function (IMF) and the cavitation coefficient, it is found that the absolute energy ratio varie...
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  • 4
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    Area Estimation and Distribution Analysis of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands at Regional Scale--Take Guangzhou City for Example (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-05
    Description: In this paper, Area of Constructed Wetlands (CWs) required for treatment of domestic sewage generated by 13 million people was calculated in accordance with the distribution of existing population in Guangzhou City and mathematical model of CWs. By comparing this with land use data, the distribution of constructed wetlands at construction regional scale was simulated with GIS. The results show that, Guangzhou generate about 3.88 million m 3 domestic sewage per day, which shall be treated with 59.37 km 2 CWs. Assuming that a single wetland bed is 300 m 2 , total 197,905 wetland beds shall be required in the city. Based on the analysis and statistics on data of second national land survey of Guangzhou City with GIS, there are enough ponds, bare lands, other grasslands and other garden plots in Guangzhou that can be used for construction of regional scale CWs, but the distribution of available lands in different regions is uneven. Constructed wetlands a...
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
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    SRT research of the crystal defects on the TGT synthesized diamond doped with boron and phosphorus (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-02-03
    Description: Crystal defects of two synthesized diamonds doped with boron and phosphorus are compared by synchrotron radiation topography (SRT). The crystal defects in the specimen are mainly dislocations. The dislocations are assembled in bundles in the cone-shape and distributed in the directions approximately towards to and . The Burgers vectors of most of the dislocations are parallel to [202] and oblique to the dislocations, showing that the dislocations are of mixed type. The features of the crystal defects are quite different in several aspects compared with the diamonds without phosphorous doping. The ionic radius of phosphorous is 118.75 percent larger than that of carbon and intensive distortion may occur near the phosphorous ions. The dislocations thus originated in bundles to release the stress caused by the phosphorous doping.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
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    Preparation and characterization of NiO photocathodes sensitized with PbS quantum dots (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-27
    Description: The nanosized tremella-like NiO was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method at low temperature. A novelty modified (CH 3 ) 4 N) 2 S/((CH 3 ) 4 N) 2 S n electrolyte was introduced in solar cell successfully and NiS as the counter electrode. Moreover, PbS sensitized p-type NiO was synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) in an precursor solution to ensure the nanosized tremella-like NiO films obtain a better uniformity and high penetration. At the same time, a series of comparative experiments were designed for studying the influence of mesoporous NiO film thickness on the photoelectron characteristic of the cells. The result indicated that when there were three layers of screen printing and the thickness of NiO film was approximately 3 pm, the maximum power conversion efficiency of 0.87% was achieved, with 512 mV of V oc , 0.33% of ff and 5.14 mA cm -2 of J sc .
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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  • 7
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    The study of a reactor cooling pump under two-phase flow (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: In this paper, the steady pressure field has been investigated numerically by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in a nuclear reactor cooling pump. As a multiphase approach the Eulerian-Eulerian two fluid model has been applied to calculated five computational models with different kinds of blades. The analysis of inner flow field of the five model pumps shows that the pressure in the impeller increases with the increase of the gas contents and the pressure distributions are irregular at the inlet of different blades when the gas contents less than 20%. With the increase of the number of blades, the vortexes at the outlet of impeller decrease whereas the vortexes in the deep of the volute markedly increases and high velocity of the fluid huddle is generated gradually at the outlet pipes. Under the action of centrifugal force and Coriolis force, gas phase mainly concentrated at the lower velocity and lower pressure area. The radial force on the impeller gradually increases with t...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 8
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    Research on the characteristics of quasi-steady cavitation in a centrifugal pump (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: With the pressure decreasing, the process of cavitation in a centrifugal pump could be summarized as incipient cavitation, quasi-steady cavitation and unsteady cavitation. Quasi-steady cavitation is the condition that is between the incipient cavitation and unsteady cavitation in a centrifugal pump. Under this condition, the intensity of cavitation is relatively weak, and the head of the pump almost remains unchanged, but the cavitation exists, causing damage to the impeller by pitting and erosion. So it is important to investigate the quasi-steady cavitation. In this paper, both the numerical and experimental methods had been carried out to investigate the characteristics of quasi-steady cavitation. The internal flow in the pump, the performance of cavitation and the inlet and outlet pressure pulsation of the pump measured through experimental method have been studied under different NPSHa conditions. It was found that the head decreases about 0.77%-1.38% from non-cavita...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
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    Changes of aroma components of pineapple wine during fermentation with ADT strain (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-08-04
    Description: In order to analyze the changes of volatile organic compounds produced by pineapple juice under the action of ADT yeast, the fermented wine was analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that a total of 37 volatile compounds were detected by GC-MS in the wine fermented, including 24 kinds of esters, 8 kinds of alcohols and 5 kinds of acids, among which decanoic acid, ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester, 3-methylbutyl ester, phenylethyl alcohol and octanoic acid, which are the main flavors of pineapple wine, are produced in the fermentation process and are always present. Octanoic acid, ethyl ester, 1-Butanol, acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester, hexanoic acid, ethyl ester, acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester and decanoic acid and ethyl ester have a significant increase in the fermentation process. Among them, 1-Butanol, 3-(Methylthio) propyl acetate has a pleasant banana odor, 8 ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
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    Salt secretion in different leaf ages and leaf positions of Limonium bicolor (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-12-19
    Description: Recretohalophytes can excrete excessive salt from salt glands or salt bladders in order to avoid salt damage. Limonium bicolor , belonged to Plumbaginaceae, is a typical exo-recretohalophyte with salt glands. A differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope and leaf discs secretion model was used in the study to explore the salt secretion of different leaf ages in L. bicolor at the individual level. For a single mature leaf, more salt glands are distributed in the leaf abaxial than leaf adaxial. The total Na + secretion amount was positively proportional to the leaf age and leaf area. And the Na + secretion rate per salt gland obviously increased at the beginning and kept relatively stable at late period of leaf development. These results suggested that Na + secretion rate of L. bicolor were adapted to the leaf age and area.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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