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  • 1
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    Study on cavitation effect of mechanical seals with laser-textured porous surface (2012)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2012-12-02
    Description: Study on the mechanisms underlying generation of hydrodynamic pressure effect associated with laser-textured porous surface on mechanical seal, is the key to seal and lubricant properties. The theory model of mechanical seals with laser-textured porous surface (LES-MS) based on cavitation model was established. The LST-MS was calculated and analyzed by using Fluent software with full cavitation model and non-cavitation model and film thickness was predicted by the dynamic mesh technique. The results indicate that the effect of hydrodynamic pressure and cavitation are the important reasons to generate liquid film opening force on LST-MS; Cavitation effect can enhance hydrodynamic pressure effect of LST-MS; The thickness of liquid film could be well predicted with the method of dynamic mesh technique on Fluent and it becomes larger as the increasing of shaft speed and the decreasing of pressure.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
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    Numerical simulation of the two-phase flows in a hydraulic coupling by solving VOF model (2013)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-22
    Description: The flow in a partially filled hydraulic coupling is essentially a gas-liquid two-phase flow, in which the distribution of two phases has significant influence on its characteristics. The interfaces between the air and the liquid, and the circulating flows inside the hydraulic coupling can be simulated by solving the VOF two-phase model. In this paper, PISO algorithm and RNG k – ε turbulence model were employed to simulate the phase distribution and the flow field in a hydraulic coupling with 80% liquid fill. The results indicate that the flow forms a circulating movement on the torus section with decreasing speed ratio. In the pump impeller, the air phase mostly accumulates on the suction side of the blades, while liquid on the pressure side; in turbine runner, air locates in the middle of the flow passage. Flow separations appear near the blades and the enclosing boundaries of the hydraulic coupling.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 3
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    Experimental investigation of shell-side steam pressure drop in crossflow in a horizontal falling-film tube bundle (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Description: An experimental investigation of the steam flowing across a horizontal tube bundle with liquid falling film was conducted to simulate flow characteristics in a large desalination plant. Experiments were conducted at pressure ranging from 12 kPa to 31 kPa with the corresponding saturated steam temperature of 50 °C to 70 °C and the falling film spray density of 0.02 kg·m -1 ·s -1 to 0.08 kg·m -1 ·s -1 . The influence of the spray density, saturated temperature and tube bundle geometry structure on steam pressure drop was illustrated. The results indicate that the pressure drop increased with increasing spray density, but decreased with increasing saturated temperature. The pressure drop at the maximum spray density of 0.08 kg·m -1 ·s -1 can be three times that in spray density of 0.02 kg·m -1 ·s -1 and the pressure drop at 50 °C is almost twice that at 70 °C. Under the same condition, the pressure drop throu...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
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    High speed observation of HIFU-induced cavitation cloud near curved rigid boundaries (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: This paper focuses on the experimental study of the influence of surface curvature to the behaviour of HIFU-induced cavitation cloud. A Q-switched ruby pulse laser is used to induce cavitation nuclei in deionized water. A piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer (1.7 MHz) provides a focused ultrasound field to inspire the nucleus to cavitation cloud. A PZT probe type hydrophone is applied for measuring the HIFU sound field. It was observed that the motion of cavitation cloud located near the boundary is significantly influenced by the distance between cloud and boundary, as well as the curvature of the boundary. The curvature was defined by parameters λ and ξ . Convex boundary, concave boundary, and flat boundary correspond to ξ 1 and ξ = 1, respectively. Different behaviours of the cloud, including the migration of the cloud, the characteristics of oscillation, etc., were observed under different boundary curvatures by high-speed photog...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
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    Structural and magnetic properties of Pr 0.3 Tb 0.7 Fe 1.9-x Mn x Ribbons (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-11
    Description: The structural and magnetic properties of Pr 0.3 Tb 0.7 Fe 1.9-x Mn x ribbons have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry and the standard strain gauge technique. According to the XRD spectra, all ribbons of Pr 0.3 Tb 0.7 Fe 19-x Mn x demonstratea pure Laves phase, which benefits from the melt-spun technology. The Curie temperature of the Pr 0.3 Tb 0.7 Fe 1.9-x Mn x alloys decreases gradually from 366°C for x=0.1 to 328°C for x=0.3. Meanwhile, magnetostriction at room temperature demonstrates a maximum at x=0.1.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
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    Facile synthesis of silver-tin oxide electrical contact materials by in-situ decomposition of a uniform mixture precursor (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-11
    Description: A uniform mixture precursor containing Ag 2 O and Ag 2 SnO 3 was synthesized via a facile ion exchange reaction method. The influence of pH value on composition and precipitation rate of the precursor was investigated systematically. The Ag-SnO 2 composite powder was obtained by decomposition of the precursor at 600°C, and uniform mixing of elements was inherited from the precursor and fresh and intimate Ag-SnO 2 interfaces were created. The Ag-SnO 2 electrical contact material was prepared using this composite powder by hot-pressing method. It was found that nano-sized SnO 2 particles (about 20.6 nm) are homogeneously dispersed in the Ag-matrix. The as-prepared Ag-SnO 2 electrical contact material shows excellent performances, such as high hardness (154 MPa), high density (9.90 g/cm 3 ) and good electrical conductivity (72.24%IACS).
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
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    Edge Detection from High Resolution Remote Sensing Images using Two-Dimensional log Gabor Filter in Frequency Domain (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: Edges are vital features to describe the structural information of images, especially high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Edge features can be used to define the boundaries between different ground objects in high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Thus edge detection is important in the remote sensing image processing. Even though many different edge detection algorithms have been proposed, it is difficult to extract the edge features from high spatial resolution remote sensing image including complex ground objects. This paper introduces a novel method to detect edges from the high spatial resolution remote sensing image based on frequency domain. Firstly, the high spatial resolution remote sensing images are Fourier transformed to obtain the magnitude spectrum image (frequency image) by FFT. Then, the frequency spectrum is analyzed by using the radius and angle sampling. Finally, two-dimensional log Gabor filter with optimal parameters is designed according ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
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    Pressure fluctuation prediction of a model pump turbine at no load opening by a nonlinear k-ε turbulence model (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-11
    Description: In this paper, a new nonlinear k-ε turbulence model based on RNG k-ε turbulence model and Wilcox's k - ω turbulence model was proposed to simulate the unsteady flow and to predict the pressure fluctuation through a model pump turbine for engineering application. Calculations on a curved rectangular duct proved that the nonlinear k - ε turbulence model is applicable for high pressure gradient flows and large curvature flows. The numerically predicted relative pressure amplitude (peak to peak) in time domain to the pump turbine head at no load condition is very close to the experimental data. It is indicated that the prediction of the pressure fluctuation is valid by the present nonlinear k-ε method. The high pressure fluctuation in this area is the main issue for pump turbine design, especially at high head condition.
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  • 9
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    Analysis of wetland change in the Songhua River Basin from 1995 to 2008 (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: Wetlands in the Songhua River Basin in both 1995 and 2008 were mapped from land use/land cover maps generated from Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery. These maps were then divided into two categories, i.e. artificial wetland and natural wetland. From 1995 to 2008, the total area of wetland in the Songhua River Basin increased from 93 072.3 km 2 to 99 179.6 km 2 a net increase of 6107.3 km 2 . The area of natural wetland decreased by 4043.7 km 2 while the area of artificial wetland increased by 10 166.2 km 2 . Swamp wetland and paddy field wetland became the dominant wetlands and the swamp wetland in the east of the Heilong River system and the north of the Wusuli River system disappeared, being transformed into paddy field wetland. The diversity of wetland landscape is worsening and the distribution of wetland landscape is becoming more unbalanced; the fragmentation of natural wetland has intensified whereas the patch connectivity of ...
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  • 10
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    Estimation Terrestrial Net Primary Productivity Based on CASA Model: a Case Study in Minnan Urban Agglomeration, China (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is a key component of the terrestrial carbon cycle. The research of net primary productivity will help in understanding the amount of carbon fixed by terrestrial vegetation and its influencing factors. Model simulation is considered as a cost-effective and time-efficient method for the estimation of regional and global NPP. In the paper, a terrestrial biosphere model, CASA (Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach), was applied to estimate monthly NPP in Minnan urban agglomeration (i.e. Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou cities) of Fujian province, China, in 2009 and 2010, by incorporating satellite observation of SPOT Vegetation NDVI data together with other climatic parameters and landuse map. The model estimates average annual terrestrial NPP of Minnan area as 16.3 million Mg C. NPP decreased from southwest to the northeast. The higher NPP values exceeding 720 gC·m − 2 ·a −1 showed in North Zhangzhou city and lower values under...
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