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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: In the context of global climate change, human activities dramatically damage the consistency of hydrological time series. Peak Over Threshold (POT) series have become an alternative to the traditional Annual Maximum series, but it is still underutilized due to its complexity. Most literature about POT tended to employ only one threshold regardless of the non-stationarity of the whole series. Obviously, it is unwise to ignore the fact that our hydrological time series may no longer be a stationary stochastic process. Hence, in this paper, we take the daily runoff time series of the Yichang gauge station on the Yangtze River in China as an example, and try to shed light on the selection of the threshold provided non- stationarity of our time series. The Mann-Kendall test is applied to detect the change points; then, we gave different thresholds according to the change points to the sub-series. Comparing the goodness-of-fit of the series with one and several thresholds, it clearly...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-11-07
    Description: Water scarcity is the major limiting factor to crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. The crop production water footprint (CPWF) and its influence factors of Shandong province during 1996-2015 was calculated and revealed in current paper. The results showed that the annual CPWF of the province was 173.1 G m 3 , blue, green and grey water footprint accounted for 12.7%, 64.6% and 22.7% respectively. The water footprint of grain and fruit crops accounted for more than 80% of the total water footprint. The two decided the changes in the water footprint of the study area. The CPWF intensity of the province was 2329.2 mm and showed a decreasing trend over time. The planting structure and the degree of regional economic development can directly affect the crop sowing water footprint of regional crops, in which the control of the proportion of high water consumption crops and the irrigation rate of cultivated land is an effective means for its near regulation. The resul...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: This paper want to analyse the influence of gravity in the axial turbine. In this paper, the influence of axial turbine on the gravity field of different runner diameter is analyzed at the same head, the same opening degree of the guide vanes and runners and the same unit speed. The turbulent model is SST. And in these calculations I consider the impact of runner gap. According to the simulation, when the Fr exceeds 2.3355, the effect of gravity is negligible. When Fr less than 2.3355, the efficiency, flow rate and power considering the gravity are greater than the case without considering gravity. The lower surface of the runner is prone to cavitation when gravity is considered. With the decrease in the diameter of the runner, the difference in pressure distribution between considering the gravity and without consideration of gravity is reduced.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: Based on the SST liquid turbulence model, using the Euler-Lagrange method to simulate solid-liquid two-phase flow in the centrifugal pump with different degree of wear blades. When the pump was transporting silt-laden flow, numerical simulations with the Euler-Lagrange method to analyse the trajectory of the sands and the mechanism of wear. According to the simulation results, when the flow rate is less than the design flow, the efficiency decreases gradually with the increase of the wear of the runner blade. When the flow rate is larger than the designed flow rate, the efficiency will decrease first and then increase. As the degree of wear increases, the head and power are increasing. With the increase of flow rate, the volume fraction of sand grains distributed in the pressure face of the blades increases, and the distribution of sand grains in the volute outlet change from the uniform distribution of small flow rates to the concentrated distribution of the volcanic surface at...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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