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  • 1
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    Civilized enclaves of wilderness: substitutes for an alienated urban nature (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-20
    Description: The article stresses the inspirational capacity of spontaneous vegetation condensed in spaces defined by human oblivion, such as derelict structures and untamed lots. According to the holstering capacity of the medium, isolated cases (weeds sprouting on crumbling walls), or emulating natural habitats (wasteland flora) developed into a wasteland nature propagating as a consequence of dysfunctional urbanization. Because of increased infrastructure development and urbanization, spaces passable of accommodating such unintended design occurrences recede. Such crude source of inspiration for inoculating nature into architecture and design is to be found within the parameters of enduring, unintended, free form compositions of opportunistic vegetation. The article aims at hosting an alternative to current urban order, in what concerns a contextualized human-nature interaction, launching a thinking scheme for rewinding and sustaining the urge toward soil and nature.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 2
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    Designing switchable near room-temperature multiferroics via the discovery of a novel magnetoelectric coupling (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-05-10
    Description: Magnetoelectric (ME) coupling is the key ingredient for realizing the cross-control of magnetism and ferroelectricity in multiferroics. However, multiferroics are not only rare, especially at room-temperature, in nature but also the overwhelming majority of known multiferroics do not exhibit highly-desired switching of the direction of magnetization when the polarization is reversed by an electric field. Here, we report group theory analysis and ab initio calculations demonstrating, and revealing the origin of, the existence of a novel form of ME coupling term in a specific class of materials that does allow such switching. This term naturally explains the previously observed electric field control of magnetism in the first known multiferroics, i.e., the Ni– X boracite family. It is also presently used to design a switchable near room-temperature multiferroic (namely, LaSrMnOsO 6 perovskite) having rather large ferroelectric polarization and spontaneous ma...
    Electronic ISSN: 1367-2630
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
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    Thermodynamic analysis and economical evaluation of two 310-80 K pre-cooling stage configurations for helium refrigeration and liquefaction cycle (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-12-30
    Description: In 310-80 K pre-cooling stage, the temperature of the HP helium stream reduces to about 80 K where nearly 73% of the enthalpy drop from room temperature to 4.5 K occurs. Apart from the most common liquid nitrogen pre-cooling, another 310-80 K pre-cooling configuration with turbine is employed in some helium cryoplants. In this paper, thermodynamic and economical performance of these two kinds of 310-80 K pre-cooling stage configurations has been studied at different operating conditions taking discharge pressure, isentropic efficiency of turbines and liquefaction rate as independent parameters. The exergy efficiency, total UA of heat exchangers and operating cost of two configurations are computed. This work will provide a reference for choosing 310-80 K pre-cooling stage configuration during design.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
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    XPS and NMR analysis on 12CaO•7Al 2 O 3 (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: 12CaO·7Al 2 O 3 (C12A7) glass was prepared by the melt quenching method. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) and the crystallization temperature ( T c ) of C12A7 glass are about 1050 K and 1194 K, respectively, measured by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structure of C12A7 glass was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR). Analysis shows that Al coordination number is about four in C12A7 glass, in which AlO 4 tetrahedrons and bridging oxygens (BO) constitute the glass network. Ca 2+ produces a few of non-bridging oxygens (NBO), which become neighbours of Al.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    The inspirational value of unintentional design occurrences: freeing aesthetic (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-09-20
    Description: The paper stresses the importance of taking into consideration those unintentional design occurrences that leave imprints on the object-oriented dimension of the environment. The visual traces registered on surfaces, represent a trigger for creativity. The information captured undergoes a metamorphosis in the perception of the viewer who intuitively puts it to use. The value of these unintended occurrences is given by the incipient quality of further becoming. To this, the perceiver assigns potential renditions in terms of aesthetics or functionality. The unintended occurrences, as mediums for innovation acquires inspirational value. The environment and personal space are open fields of research and a metaphorical bank of data cumulating information on human behaviour and the results of human-object, inter- objectual or object-environment interactions. The paper aims at stressing the importance of decoding visual markers to benefit creativity and aesthetics.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
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    The Analysis of the Abnormal Characteristics of GPS Data before the 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian M S 6.6 Earthquake (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-03
    Description: To study the movement characteristics of crustal deformation around the epicenter before the M s 6.6 earthquake in Minxian-Zhangxian in 2013, the paper analyzes the GPS velocity field, the baseline time series between stations and the time series of the epicentral region strain, and then discusses the characteristics of the crustal deformation before the earthquake. It is shown from the results that the Lintan-Tanchang fault and the Northern Xiqinling fault are in the inner circle of the clockwise vortex, which have obvious stress accumulation. Among the two velocity fields in 2004-2007 and 2009-2011, there are significant differences in the direction and amplitude of the movement around the Lintan-Tanchang fault, which may cause the risk of earthquake events. The baseline time series reflect the strain accumulation in NE side of Lintan-Tanchang thrust fault with NE-trending was quite high before the earthquake, and the velocity of the SW side was accelerating, ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Numerical comparisons of the performance of a hydraulic coupling with different pump rotational speeds (2013)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-22
    Description: A hydraulic coupling is a hydrodynamic device for transmitting rotating mechanical power. It is widely used in the machinery industry because of its advantages of high energy transmission efficiency, shock absorption and good adaptability, etc. In this paper, SIMPLEC algorithm and SST k - ω turbulence model were employed to simulate the steady state flows at operating conditions of two different rotational speeds (3000r/min and 7500 r/min) of the pump of a specified hydraulic coupling model. The results indicate the existence of similarity in the distributions of the flow fields between the two speeds, but the efficiency at the optimum condition is larger with higher rotational speed. It is concluded that the similarity principle of the efficiency of the hydraulic couplings does not apply in this case due to the relatively high rotating speed and small geometric specifications. It is also shown that the radially stratified pressure distribution on the torus section b...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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