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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (12)
  • Institute of Physics (IOP)  (2)
  • 1
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    Hayabusa2 arrives at the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu--A spinning top-shaped rubble pile (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu in 2018. We present Hayabusa2 observations of Ryugu’s shape, mass, and geomorphology. Ryugu has an oblate ‘spinning top’ shape with a prominent circular equatorial ridge. Its bulk density, 1.19 ± 0.02 g cm〈sup〉–3〈/sup〉, indicates a high porosity (〉50%) interior. Large surface boulders suggest a rubble-pile structure. Surface slope analysis shows Ryugu’s shape may have been produced if it once spun at twice the current rate. Coupled with the observed global material homogeneity, this suggests that Ryugu was reshaped by centrifugally induced deformation during a period of rapid rotation. From these remote-sensing investigations, we identify a suitable sample collection site on the equatorial ridge.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
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    Hayabusa2 arrives at the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu--A spinning top-shaped rubble pile (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu in 2018. We present Hayabusa2 observations of Ryugu’s shape, mass, and geomorphology. Ryugu has an oblate "spinning top" shape, with a prominent circular equatorial ridge. Its bulk density, 1.19 ± 0.02 grams per cubic centimeter, indicates a high-porosity (〉50%) interior. Large surface boulders suggest a rubble-pile structure. Surface slope analysis shows Ryugu’s shape may have been produced from having once spun at twice the current rate. Coupled with the observed global material homogeneity, this suggests that Ryugu was reshaped by centrifugally induced deformation during a period of rapid rotation. From these remote-sensing investigations, we identified a suitable sample collection site on the equatorial ridge.〈/p〉
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Application of particle method to the casting process simulation (2012)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2012-07-04
    Description: Casting processes involve many significant phenomena such as fluid flow, solidification, and deformation, and it is known that casting defects are strongly influenced by the phenomena. However the phenomena complexly interacts each other and it is difficult to observe them directly because the temperature of the melt and other apparatus components are quite high, and they are generally opaque; therefore, a computer simulation is expected to serve a lot of benefits to consider what happens in the processes. Recently, a particle method, which is one of fully Lagrangian methods, has attracted considerable attention. The particle methods based on Lagrangian methods involving no calculation lattice have been developed rapidly because of their applicability to multi-physics problems. In this study, we combined the fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification simulation programs, and tried to simulate various casting processes such as continuous casting, centrifugal casting and ingot m...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 4
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    Mass and local topography measurements of Itokawa by Hayabusa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-03
    Description: The ranging instrument aboard the Hayabusa spacecraft measured the surface topography of asteroid 25143 Itokawa and its mass. A typical rough area is similar in roughness to debris located on the interior wall of a large crater on asteroid 433 Eros, which suggests a surface structure on Itokawa similar to crater ejecta on Eros. The mass of Itokawa was estimated as (3.58 +/- 0.18) x 10(10) kilograms, implying a bulk density of (1.95 +/- 0.14) grams per cubic centimeter for a volume of (1.84 +/- 0.09) x 10(7) cubic meters and a bulk porosity of approximately 40%, which is similar to that of angular sands, when assuming an LL (low iron chondritic) meteorite composition. Combined with surface observations, these data indicate that Itokawa is the first subkilometer-sized small asteroid showing a rubble-pile body rather than a solid monolithic asteroid.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abe, Shinsuke -- Mukai, Tadashi -- Hirata, Naru -- Barnouin-Jha, Olivier S -- Cheng, Andrew F -- Demura, Hirohide -- Gaskell, Robert W -- Hashimoto, Tatsuaki -- Hiraoka, Kensuke -- Honda, Takayuki -- Kubota, Takashi -- Matsuoka, Masatoshi -- Mizuno, Takahide -- Nakamura, Ryosuke -- Scheeres, Daniel J -- Yoshikawa, Makoto -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1344-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. avell@kobe-u.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Detailed images of asteroid 25143 Itokawa from Hayabusa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-03
    Description: Rendezvous of the Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa with the near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa took place during the interval September through November 2005. The onboard camera imaged the solid surface of this tiny asteroid (535 meters by 294 meters by 209 meters) with a spatial resolution of 70 centimeters per pixel, revealing diverse surface morphologies. Unlike previously explored asteroids, the surface of Itokawa reveals both rough and smooth terrains. Craters generally show unclear morphologies. Numerous boulders on Itokawa's surface suggest a rubble-pile structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saito, J -- Miyamoto, H -- Nakamura, R -- Ishiguro, M -- Michikami, T -- Nakamura, A M -- Demura, H -- Sasaki, S -- Hirata, N -- Honda, C -- Yamamoto, A -- Yokota, Y -- Fuse, T -- Yoshida, F -- Tholen, D J -- Gaskell, R W -- Hashimoto, T -- Kubota, T -- Higuchi, Y -- Nakamura, T -- Smith, P -- Hiraoka, K -- Honda, T -- Kobayashi, S -- Furuya, M -- Matsumoto, N -- Nemoto, E -- Yukishita, A -- Kitazato, K -- Dermawan, B -- Sogame, A -- Terazono, J -- Shinohara, C -- Akiyama, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1341-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hayabusa Project Team, Institute of Space and Astronautical Sciences (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan. saitoj@planeta.sci.isas.jaxa.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Regolith migration and sorting on asteroid Itokawa (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-21
    Description: High-resolution images of the surface of asteroid Itokawa from the Hayabusa mission reveal it to be covered with unconsolidated millimeter-sized and larger gravels. Locations and morphologic characteristics of this gravel indicate that Itokawa has experienced considerable vibrations, which have triggered global-scale granular processes in its dry, vacuum, microgravity environment. These processes likely include granular convection, landslide-like granular migrations, and particle sorting, resulting in the segregation of the fine gravels into areas of potential lows. Granular processes become major resurfacing processes because of Itokawa's small size, implying that they can occur on other small asteroids should those have regolith.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyamoto, Hideaki -- Yano, Hajime -- Scheeres, Daniel J -- Abe, Shinsuke -- Barnouin-Jha, Olivier -- Cheng, Andrew F -- Demura, Hirohide -- Gaskell, Robert W -- Hirata, Naru -- Ishiguro, Masateru -- Michikami, Tatsuhiro -- Nakamura, Akiko M -- Nakamura, Ryosuke -- Saito, Jun -- Sasaki, Sho -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1011-4. Epub 2007 Apr 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Museum Collection Utilization Studies, University Museum, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. hm@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446355" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Earthquake source fault beneath Tokyo (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-16
    Description: Devastating earthquakes occur on a megathrust fault that underlies the Tokyo metropolitan region. We identify this fault with use of deep seismic reflection profiling to be the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate. The depth to the top of this plate, 4 to 26 kilometers, is much shallower than previous estimates based on the distribution of seismicity. This shallower plate geometry changes the location of maximum finite slip of the 1923 Kanto earthquake and will affect estimations of strong ground motion for seismic hazards analysis within the Tokyo region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sato, Hiroshi -- Hirata, Naoshi -- Koketsu, Kazuki -- Okaya, David -- Abe, Susumu -- Kobayashi, Reiji -- Matsubara, Makoto -- Iwasaki, Takaya -- Ito, Tanio -- Ikawa, Takeshi -- Kawanaka, Taku -- Kasahara, Keiji -- Harder, Steven -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):462-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    The rubble-pile asteroid Itokawa as observed by Hayabusa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-03
    Description: During the interval from September through early December 2005, the Hayabusa spacecraft was in close proximity to near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa, and a variety of data were taken on its shape, mass, and surface topography as well as its mineralogic and elemental abundances. The asteroid's orthogonal axes are 535, 294, and 209 meters, the mass is 3.51 x 10(10) kilograms, and the estimated bulk density is 1.9 +/- 0.13 grams per cubic centimeter. The correspondence between the smooth areas on the surface (Muses Sea and Sagamihara) and the gravitationally low regions suggests mass movement and an effective resurfacing process by impact jolting. Itokawa is considered to be a rubble-pile body because of its low bulk density, high porosity, boulder-rich appearance, and shape. The existence of very large boulders and pillars suggests an early collisional breakup of a preexisting parent asteroid followed by a re-agglomeration into a rubble-pile object.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fujiwara, A -- Kawaguchi, J -- Yeomans, D K -- Abe, M -- Mukai, T -- Okada, T -- Saito, J -- Yano, H -- Yoshikawa, M -- Scheeres, D J -- Barnouin-Jha, O -- Cheng, A F -- Demura, H -- Gaskell, R W -- Hirata, N -- Ikeda, H -- Kominato, T -- Miyamoto, H -- Nakamura, A M -- Nakamura, R -- Sasaki, S -- Uesugi, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1330-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan. fujiwara@planeta.sci.isas.jaxa.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Numerical Analysis on the Vortex Pattern and Flux Particle Dispersion in KR Method Using MPS Method (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-12
    Description: The mechanically-stirring vessel is widely used in many fields, such as chemical reactor, bioreactor, and metallurgy, etc. The type of vortex mode that formed during impeller stirring has great effect on stirring efficiency, chemical reacting rate and air entrapment. Many efforts have been made to numerically simulate the fluid flow in the stirring vessel with classical Eulerian method. However, it is difficult to directly investigate the vortex mode and flux particle dispersion. Therefore, moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method, which is based on Lagrangian method, is applied to simulate the fluid flow in a KR method in this practice. Top height and bottom heights of vortex surface in a steady state under several rotation speed was taken as key parameters to compare the results of numerical and published results. Flux particle dispersion behaviour under a rotation speed range from 80 to 480 rpm was also compared with the past study. The result shows that the numerical calcul...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
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    Pole and global shape of 25143 Itokawa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-03
    Description: The locations of the pole and rotation axis of asteroid 25143 Itokawa were derived from Asteroid Multiband Imaging Camera data on the Hayabusa spacecraft. The retrograde pole orientation had a right ascension of 90.53 degrees and a declination of -66.30 degrees (52000 equinox) or equivalently 128.5 degrees and -89.66 degrees in ecliptic coordinates with a 3.9 degrees margin of error. The surface area is 0.393 square kilometers, the volume is 0.018378 cubic kilometers with a 5% margin of error, and the three axis lengths are 535 meters by 294 meters by 209 meters. The global Itokawa revealed a boomerang-shaped appearance composed of two distinct parts with partly faceted regions and a constricted ring structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Demura, Hirohide -- Kobayashi, Shingo -- Nemoto, Etsuko -- Matsumoto, Naoya -- Furuya, Motohiro -- Yukishita, Akira -- Muranaka, Noboru -- Morita, Hideo -- Shirakawa, Ken -- Maruya, Makoto -- Ohyama, Hiroshi -- Uo, Masashi -- Kubota, Takashi -- Hashimoto, Tatsuaki -- Kawaguchi, Jun'ichiro -- Fujiwara, Akira -- Saito, Jun -- Sasaki, Sho -- Miyamoto, Hideaki -- Hirata, Naru -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1347-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Computer Software, University of Aizu, Ikki-machi, Aizu-Wakamatsu City, Fukushima 965-8580, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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