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  • Bücher  (45)
  • InTechOpen  (42)
  • Oxford University Press
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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-04
    Beschreibung: Accurate description of materials requires the most advanced atomic-scale techniques from both experimental and theoretical areas. In spite of the vast number of available techniques, however, the experimental study of the atomic-scale properties and phenomena even in simple solids is rather difficult. In steels the challenges become more complex due to the interplay between the structural, chemical and magnetic effects. On the other hand, advanced computational methods based on density functional theory ensure a proper platform for studying the fundamental properties of steel materials from first-principles. In 1980’s the first-principles description of the thermodynamic properties of elemental iron was still on the borderline of atomistic simulations. Today the numerous application- oriented activities at the industrial and academic sectors are paired by a rapidly increasing scientific interest. This is reflected by the number of publications on ab initio steel research, which has increased from null to about one thousand within the last two decades. Our research group has a well established position in developing and applying computational codes for steel related applications. Using our ab initio tools, we have presented an insight to the electronic and magnetic structure, and micromechanical properties of austenite and ferrite stainless steel alloys. In the present contribution, we review the most important developments within the ab initio quantum mechanics aided steel design with special emphasis on the role of magnetism on the fundamental properties of alloy steels.
    Schlagwort(e): steel ; stainless steel ; steel ; stainless steel ; Alloy ; Chromium ; Crystal structure ; Cubic crystal system ; Ferromagnetism ; Iron ; Nickel ; Paramagnetism ; Surface energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-31
    Beschreibung: The combinatorial number of possible methylomes in biological time and space is astronomical. Consequently, the computational analysis of methylomes needs to cater for a variety of data, throughput and resolution. Here, we review recent advances in 2nd generation sequencing (2GS) with a focus on the different methods used for the analysis of MeDIP-seq data. The challenges and opportunities presented by the integration of methylation data with other genomic data types are discussed as is the potential impact of emerging 3rd generation sequencing (3GS) based technologies on methylation analysis.
    Schlagwort(e): DNA methylation, methylome, immuno precipitation, analysis pipeline ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: Biochemistry
    Schlagwort(e): Mathematics & science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: Organic chemistry
    Schlagwort(e): Mathematics & science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: Communications engineering / telecommunications
    Schlagwort(e): Technology, engineering, agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications::TJKT Telephone technology::TJKT1 Mobile phone technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-31
    Beschreibung: Medical genetics
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: Communications engineering / telecommunications
    Schlagwort(e): Technology, engineering, agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications::TJKW WAP (wireless) technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-01
    Beschreibung: The repair of peripheral nerve traumatic lesions still represents a major cause of permanent motor and sensory impairment. In case of substance loss, a nerve guide should be used to bridge the proximal with the distal stump of the severed nerve. The effectiveness of hollow nerve guides is limited by the delay of axonal growth due to the absence of a regeneration substrate inside the conduit. To fasten up nerve regeneration, nerve guides should thus be enriched by a luminal filler. In this study, we investigated, in a 12-mm rat sciatic nerve defect experimental model, the effectiveness of chitosan-based conduits of different acetylation filled either with a hyaluronic acid gel (NVR gel) or with a magnetic fibrin hydrogel, in comparison with traditional autografts. Results showed that all types of artificial nerve conduits led to functional recovery not significantly different from autografts. By contrast, morphological and morphometrical analyses showed that the best results among nerve guides were found in medium degree of acetylation (DAII: ∼5%) chitosan conduits enriched with the NVR gel.
    Schlagwort(e): peripheral nerve injury, chitosan guidance conduit, conduit acetylation, hyaluronic acid gel, magnetic fibrin hydrogel ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MQ Nursing and ancillary services::MQW Biomedical engineering
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-01
    Beschreibung: In the field of computer music, pattern recognition algorithms are very relevant for music information retrieval (MIR) applications. Two challenging tasks in this area are the automatic recognition of musical genre and melody extraction, having a number of applications like indexing and selecting musical databases. One of the main references for music is its melody.
    Schlagwort(e): Music ; pattern recognition ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MN Surgery::MNS Surgical orthopaedics and fractures
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-11
    Beschreibung: Oxide-based electronics have been well established as an alternative to silicon technology; however, typical processing requires complex, high-vacuum equipment, which is a major drawback, particularly when targeting low-cost applications. The possibility to deposit the materials by low-cost techniques such as inkjet printing has drawn tremendous interest in solution processible materials for electronic applications; however, high processing temperatures still required. To overcome this issue, solution combustion synthesis has been recently pursued. Taking advantage of the exothermic nature of the reaction as a source of energy for localized heating, the precursor solutions can be converted into oxides at lower process temperatures. Theoretically, this can be applied to any metal ions to produce the desired oxide, opening unlimited possibilities to materials’ composition and combinations. Solution combustion synthesis has been applied for the production of semiconductor thin films based on ZnO, In2O3, SnO2 and combinations of these oxides, and also for high κ dielectrics (Al2O3). All of which are required for numerous electronic devices and applications such as fully oxide-based thin-film transistors (TFTs). The properties of produced thin films are highly dependent on the precursor solution characteristics; hence, the influence of several processing parameters; organic fuel, solvent and annealing temperature was studied. Although precursor solution degradation/oxide formation mechanisms are not yet fully understood, particularly for thin films, we demonstrate that high-performance devices are obtained with combustion solution-based metal oxide thin films. The results clearly show that solution combustion synthesis is becoming one of the most promising methods for low-temperature flexible electronics.
    Schlagwort(e): solution processing, combustion synthesis, environmentally friendly, metal oxide materials, thin-film transistors, semiconductor oxides, dielectric oxides ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering
    Sprache: Englisch
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