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  • 1
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    Ice shelf basal melting in a global finite-element sea ice/ice shelf/ocean model (2012)
    INT GLACIOL SOC
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, INT GLACIOL SOC, 53(60), ISSN: 0260-3055
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The Finite Element Sea ice Ocean Model (FESOM) has been augmented by an ice-shelf component with a three-equation system for diagnostic computation of boundary layer temperature and salinity. Ice shelf geometry and global ocean bathymetry have been derived from the RTopo-1 dataset. A global domain with a triangular mesh and a hybrid vertical coordinate is used. To evaluate sub-ice shelf circulation and melt rates for present-day climate, the model is forced with NCEP reanalysis data. Basal mass fluxes are mostly realistic with maximum melt rates in the deepest parts near the grounding lines and marine ice formation in the northern sectors of Ross Ice Shelf and Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf. Total basal mass loss for the ten largest ice shelves reflects the importance of the Amundsen Sea ice shelves; Getz Ice Shelf is shown to be a major melt water contributor to the Southern Ocean. Despite their modest melt rates, the ``cold water' ice shelves in the Weddell Sea are still substantial sinks of continental ice in Antarctica. Discrepancies between the model and observations can partly be attributed to deficiencies in the forcing data or to (sometimes unavoidable) smoothing of ice shelf and bottom topographies.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Ice platelets below Weddell Sea landfast sea ice (2015)
    INT GLACIOL SOC
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, INT GLACIOL SOC, 56(69), pp. 175-190, ISSN: 0260-3055
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: Basal melt of ice shelves may lead to an accumulation of disc-shaped ice platelets underneath nearby sea ice, to form a sub-ice platelet layer. Here we present the seasonal cycle of sea ice attached to the Ekström Ice Shelf, Antarctica, and the underlying platelet layer in 2012. Ice platelets emerged from the cavity and interacted with the fast-ice cover of Atka Bay as early as June. Episodic accumulations throughout winter and spring led to an average platelet-layer thickness of 4m by December 2012, with local maxima of up to 10 m. The additional buoyancy partly prevented surface flooding and snow-ice formation, despite a thick snow cover. Subsequent thinning of the platelet layer from December onwards was associated with an inflow of warm surface water. The combination of model studies with observed fast-ice thickness revealed an average ice-volume fraction in the platelet layer of 0.25+-0.1. We found that nearly half of the combined solid sea-ice and ice-platelet volume in this area is generated by heat transfer to the ocean rather than to the atmosphere. The total ice-platelet volume underlying Atka Bay fast ice was equivalent to more than one-fifth of the annual basal melt volume under the Ekström Ice Shelf.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    The impact of early-summer snow properties on Antarctic landfast sea-ice X-band backscatter (2015)
    INT GLACIOL SOC
    In:  EPIC3Annals of Glaciology, INT GLACIOL SOC, 56(69), pp. 263-273, ISSN: 0260-3055
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-09
    Description: Up to now, snow cover on Antarctic sea ice and its impact on radar backscatter, particularly after the onset of freeze/thaw processes, are not well understood. Here we present a combined analysis of in situ observations of snow properties from the landfast sea ice in Atka Bay, Antarctica, and high-resolution TerraSAR-X backscatter data, for the transition from austral spring (November 2012) to summer (January 2013). The physical changes in the seasonal snow cover during that time are reflected in the evolution of TerraSAR-X backscatter. We are able to explain 76–93% of the spatio-temporal variability of the TerraSAR-X backscatter signal with up to four snowpack parameters with a root-mean-squared error of 0.87–1.62 dB, using a simple multiple linear model. Over the complete study, and especially after the onset of early-melt processes and freeze/thaw cycles, the majority of variability in the backscatter is influenced by changes in snow/ice interface temperature, snow depth and top-layer grain size. This suggests it may be possible to retrieve snow physical properties over Antarctic sea ice from X-band SAR backscatter.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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