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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-04-12
    Description: The Yuan-Agrawal (YA) memory-free approach is employed to study fractional dynamical systems with freeplay nonlinearities subjected to a harmonic excitation, by combining it with the precise integration method (PIM). By the YA method, the original equations are transformed into a set of first-order piecewise-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These ODEs are further separated as three linear inhomogeneous subsystems, which are solved by PIM together with a predictor-corrector process. Numerical examples show that the results by the presented method agree well with the solutions obtained by the Runge-Kutta method and a modified fractional predictor-corrector algorithm. More importantly, the presented method has higher computational efficiency.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-01-22
    Description: With increasing and more stringent requirements for advanced vehicle integration, including vehicle dynamics and control, traditional control and optimization strategies may not qualify for many applications. This is because, among other factors, they do not consider the nonlinear characteristics of practical systems. Moreover, the vehicle wheel model has some inadequacies regarding the sideslip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load, and velocity. In this paper, an adaptive neural wheel network is introduced, and the interaction between the lateral and vertical dynamics of the vehicle is analyzed. By means of nonlinear analyses such as the use of a bifurcation diagram and the Lyapunov exponent, the vehicle is shown to exhibit complicated motions with increasing forward speed. Furthermore, electric power steering (EPS) and active suspension system (ASS), which are based on intelligent control, are used to reduce the nonlinear effect, and a negotiation algorithm is designed to manage the interdependences and conflicts among handling stability, driving smoothness, and safety. Further, a rapid control prototype was built using the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform dSPACE and used to conduct a real vehicle test. The results of the test were consistent with those of the simulation, thereby validating the proposed control.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: We propose an accurate approach, based on the precise integration method, to solve the aeroelastic system of an airfoil with a pitch hysteresis. A major procedure for achieving high precision is to design a predictor-corrector algorithm. This algorithm enables accurate determination of switching points resulting from the hysteresis. Numerical examples show that the results obtained by the presented method are in excellent agreement with exact solutions. In addition, the high accuracy can be maintained as the time step increases in a reasonable range. It is also found that the Runge-Kutta method may sometimes provide quite different and even fallacious results, though the step length is much less than that adopted in the presented method. With such high computational accuracy, the presented method could be applicable in dynamical systems with hysteresis nonlinearities.
    Print ISSN: 1687-5966
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-5974
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-05-23
    Description: TiO2 compact layers are used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) to prevent charge recombination between the electrolyte and the transparent conductive substrate (indium tin oxide, ITO; fluorine-doped tin oxide, FTO). Thin TiO2 compact layers are deposited onto ITO/glass by means of radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering, using deposition parameters that ensure greater photocatalytic activity and increased DSSC conversion efficiency. The photoinduced decomposition of methylene blue (MB) and the photoinduced hydrophilicity of the TiO2 thin films are also investigated. The photocatalytic performance characteristics for the deposition of TiO2 films are improved by using the Grey-Taguchi method. The average transmittance in the visible region exceeds 85% for all samples. The XRD patterns of the TiO2 films, for sol-gel with spin coating of porous TiO2/TiO2 compact/ITO/glass, show a good crystalline structure. In contrast, without the TiO2 compact layer (only porous TiO2), the peak intensity of the anatase (101) plane in the XRD patterns for the TiO2 film has a lower value, which demonstrates inferior crystalline quality. With a TiO2 compact layer to prevent charge recombination, a higher short-circuit current density is obtained. The DSSC with the FTO/glass and Pt counter electrode demonstrates the energy conversion efficiency increased.
    Print ISSN: 1110-662X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-529X
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-01-01
    Description: With increasing and more stringent requirements for advanced vehicle integration, including vehicle dynamics and control, traditional control and optimization strategies may not qualify for many applications. This is because, among other factors, they do not consider the nonlinear characteristics of practical systems. Moreover, the vehicle wheel model has some inadequacies regarding the sideslip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load, and velocity. In this paper, an adaptive neural wheel network is introduced, and the interaction between the lateral and vertical dynamics of the vehicle is analyzed. By means of nonlinear analyses such as the use of a bifurcation diagram and the Lyapunov exponent, the vehicle is shown to exhibit complicated motions with increasing forward speed. Furthermore, electric power steering (EPS) and active suspension system (ASS), which are based on intelligent control, are used to reduce the nonlinear effect, and a negotiation algorithm is designed to manage the interdependences and conflicts among handling stability, driving smoothness, and safety. Further, a rapid control prototype was built using the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform dSPACE and used to conduct a real vehicle test. The results of the test were consistent with those of the simulation, thereby validating the proposed control.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1995-01-01
    Description: In this article, we present a program generation strategy of Strassen's matrix multiplication algorithm using a programming methodology based on tensor product formulas. In this methodology, block recursive programs such as the fast Fourier Transforms and Strassen's matrix multiplication algorithm are expressed as algebraic formulas involving tensor products and other matrix operations. Such formulas can be systematically translated to high-performance parallel/vector codes for various architectures. In this article, we present a nonrecursive implementation of Strassen's algorithm for shared memory vector processors such as the Cray Y-MP. A previous implementation of Strassen's algorithm synthesized from tensor product formulas required working storage of size O(7n) for multiplying 2n× 2nmatrices. We present a modified formulation in which the working storage requirement is reduced to O(4n). The modified formulation exhibits sufficient parallelism for efficient implementation on a shared memory multiprocessor. Performance results on a Cray Y-MP8/64 are presented.
    Print ISSN: 1058-9244
    Electronic ISSN: 1875-919X
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1981-01-01
    Description: This paper discusses the status of thick conductive films formed by firing in air. The metals under study include nickel, chromium, aluminum and copper. The properties of the films are presented for firing temperatures ranging from 580 to 850 degrees C. Compatibility with various dielectrics and glasses have been studied. Multilayer wiring seems promising. Potential uses on porcelain enamelled steel, window glass and alumina substrates seem feasible.Initial studies have been made of compatibility with thick film ruthenium-based resistors. Some preliminary information on termination resistance and other properties observed in such combinations is presented.Possible applications in gas discharge displays for cathodes and conductor runs are discussed. Potential uses may include economical ground planes, solar cell electrodes, varistor and thermistor terminations, and resistance thermometers.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1980-01-01
    Description: Porcelain enameled steels have had a long history of industrial, structural and related applications. Recent interest in such materials has centered on electrical uses as a substrate for hybrid circuits, additive printed wiring, and packaging. A study of some of the critical properties of available enameled steels was undertaken.Five types of enameled steel substrates from three manufacturers were tested. The electrical properties studied included dielectric constant, dissipation factor, voltage breakdown, surface and bulk insulation resistance. The effect of humidity on the insulation resistance of the enamel coatings themselves was compared. The influence of the thermal conductivity of the substrates was also examined.The properties of a thick film resistor system was determined on the various enamel steel substrates. The properties tested included resistivity and TCR firing sensitivity.The effect of the type of substrate on the properties of a selection of thick film conductors was determined. Conductivity and gold and aluminum wire bond strength were compared on the various substrates.The dielectric properties of a multilayer/crossover dielectric thick film material were compared among 96% alumina, soda-lime glass and the various enameled steel substrates.Many individual differences between the enameled steel substrates were found. However, all of the substrates could be utilized to produce satisfactory thick film circuits when the proper choice of thick film materials was made.Continuing changes, improvements and additional sources of supply are expected to overcome some of the present shortcomings. These should enhance the use of such substrates for large area uses and lower cost applications.
    Print ISSN: 0305-3091
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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