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  • Springer  (4)
  • Geological Society of America (GSA)  (2)
  • 1
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    South Atlantic opening: A plume-induced breakup? (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-15
    Description: Upwelling hot mantle plumes are thought to disintegrate continental lithosphere and are considered to be drivers of active continental breakup. The formation of the Walvis Ridge during the opening of the South Atlantic is related to a putative plume-induced breakup. We investigated the crustal structure of the Walvis Ridge (southeast Atlantic Ocean) at its intersection with the continental margin and searched for anomalies related to the possible plume head. The overall structure we identify suggests that no broad plume head existed during opening of the South Atlantic and anomalous mantle melting occurred only locally. We therefore question the importance of a plume head as a driver of continental breakup and further speculate that the hotspot was present before the rifting, leaving a track of kimberlites in the African craton.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 2
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    Crustal structure of northwest Namibia: Evidence for plume-rift-continent interaction (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: The causes for the formation of large igneous provinces and hotspot trails are still a matter of considerable dispute. Seismic tomography and other studies suggest that hot mantle material rising from the core-mantle boundary (CMB) might play a significant role in the formation of such hotspot trails. An important area to verify this concept is the South Atlantic region, with hotspot trails that spatially coincide with one of the largest low-velocity regions at the CMB, the African large low shear-wave velocity province. The Walvis Ridge started to form during the separation of the South American and African continents at ca. 130 Ma as a consequence of Gondwana breakup. Here, we present the first deep-seismic sounding images of the crustal structure from the landfall area of the Walvis Ridge at the Namibian coast to constrain processes of plume-lithosphere interaction and the formation of continental flood basalts (Paraná and Etendeka continental flood basalts) and associated intrusive rocks. Our study identified a narrow region (〈100 km) of high-seismic-velocity anomalies in the middle and lower crust, which we interpret as a massive mafic intrusion into the northern Namibian continental crust. Seismic crustal reflection imaging shows a flat Moho as well as reflectors connecting the high-velocity body with shallow crustal structures that we speculate to mark potential feeder channels of the Etendeka continental flood basalt. We suggest that the observed massive but localized mafic intrusion into the lower crust results from similar-sized variations in the lithosphere (i.e., lithosphere thickness or preexisting structures).
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
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    Ein einfaches analytisches Verfahren zur Berechnung des turbulenten Wärmeübergangs hinter einem hydrodynamischen Vorlauf (1979)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0042-9929
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1181
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Semi-Analytische Berechnung instationärer Temperaturen in gefügten Strukturen (1977)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0042-9929
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1181
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein einfaches analytisches Verfahren zur Berechnung des turbulenten Wärmeübergangs hinter einem hydrodynamischen Vorlauf (1979)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 12 (1979), S. 45-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein einfaches Berechnungsverfahren vorgestellt, das eine Bestimmung des turbulenten Wärmeübergangs hinter einem hydrodynamischen Vorlauf gestattet. Durch eine Anpassung der Randbedingungen in der Reynoldsnalogie an die Strömungsverhältnisse bei unterschiedlichem Beginn von Temperatur- und Geschwindigkeitsgrenzschicht wird das Verhältnis der Nusseltzahlen einer Strömung mit Vorlauf zu der ohne Vorlauf formuliert. Dieses Nusseltzahlverhältnis stellt eine Korrekturfunktion für den Einfluß unbeheizter Anlaufstrecken dar und gestattet die Wärmeübergangsberechnung hinter hydrodynamischen Vorläufen aus den bekannten Gleichungen für den gleichzeitigen Beginn von Temperatur- und Strömungsgrenzschicht. Das Verfahren ist für Rohr-und Plattenströmungen anwendbar; die Korrekturfunktion ist in beiden Fällen eine Funktion der Vorlauflänge und der thermischen Lauflänge, für die Rohrströmung zusätzlich noch Funktion der Reynoldszahl.
    Notes: Abstract An analytical method is presented to calculate the turbulent heat transfer behind an hydrodynamic starting length. By modification of the boundary conditions in the Reynolds analogie with respect to the flow conditions for different running lengths of the boundary layer of temperatur and velocity the heat transfer ratio of a flow with to a flow without hydrodynamic starting length can be formulated. This heat transfer ratio is a correction function to describe the influence of an unheated starting length and allows the heat transfer calculation by using the well known heat transfer formulas for the simultaneous hydrodynamic and thermal start. The method can be applied as well to the flat plate flow as to the pipe flow. In both cases the correction function depends on the unheated starting length and the thermal running length, for the pipe flow additionaly on the Reynolds number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01672440
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-Analytische Berechnung instationärer Temperaturen in gefügten Strukturen (1977)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 10 (1977), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein halbanalytisches Berechnungsverfahren zur Bestimmung der instationären Temperaturen von Haut-Steg-Verbindungen vorgestellt, das den Einfluß einer Fügung zwischen Haut (Flansch eines Winkels) und Steg numerisch berücksichtigt. Ausgehend von den Temperaturfunktionen, die sich unabhängig voneinander für die beiden Strukturelemente bei gegebenen Randbedingungen und konstanter Randtemperatur an der Verbindungsstelle ergeben, kann der thermische Übergangswiderstand der Fügung (z.B. einer Nietverbindung) durch Formulierung einer Wärmebilanz sowohl oberhalb als auch unterhalb der Fügung auf einfache Art in die Berechnung einbezogen werden. Das Verfahren, das am Beispiel von Flugzeugstrukturen (versteifte Tragflügelgurtplatte, Tragflügelkasten) für den Sprung der Fluidtemperatur und des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten untersucht wird, läßt sich auch auf ähnliche Probleme in anderen Ingenieursdisziplinen übertragen.
    Notes: Abstract A semi-analytical method is presented for calculating temperature transients in skin-web-configurations including the effect of a thermal joint resistance at the web-skin (flange) junction. Based on the temperature functions independently developed for both elements at given boundary conditions and constant junction temperature the joint resistance can be taken into account easily by formulation of a heat balance above and below the joint. The method, here applied to aircraft structures (stiffened panel, wing box) for the step functions of fluid temperature and heat transfer coefficient can also be extended to similar problems in other engineering fields of application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01445793
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