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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: Genetic resources are an important source of genetic variation for plant breeding. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic prediction greatly facilitate the analysis and utilization of useful genetic diversity for improving complex phenotypic traits in crop plants. We explored the potential of GWAS and genomic prediction for improving curd-related traits in cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea var. botrytis ) by combining 174 randomly selected cauliflower gene bank accessions from two different gene banks. The collection was genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and phenotyped for six curd-related traits at two locations and three growing seasons. A GWAS analysis based on 120,693 single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified a total of 24 significant associations for curd-related traits. The potential for genomic prediction was assessed with a genomic best linear unbiased prediction model and BayesB. Prediction abilities ranged from 0.10 to 0.66 for different traits and did not differ between prediction methods. Imputation of missing genotypes only slightly improved prediction ability. Our results demonstrate that GWAS and genomic prediction in combination with GBS and phenotyping of highly heritable traits can be used to identify useful quantitative trait loci and genotypes among genetically diverse gene bank material for subsequent utilization as genetic resources in cauliflower breeding.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 123 (1965), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 2 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The scr genes located on plasmid pUR400 and responsible for sAucrose (Scr) metabolism of Escherichia coli K12 and other enteric bacteria have been cloned on a 9.3 kb DNA fragment. The different genes were mapped by transposon insertion mutagenesis, by restriction endonuclease and deletion mapping, and the corresponding gene products were identified. Besides the known structural genes scrA, coding for an EnzymellScr (45 kD) of the phosphoenolypyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), and scrB, coding for a sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase (invertase) (55 kD), two new structural genes were discovered. Gene scrK apparently codes for an intracellular and ATP-dependent fructokinase (39 kD), while scry seems to code for a sucrose porin (58 kD) in the outer cell membrane. No genes for an Enzyme IIIScr of the PTS or for (a) glycosyltransferase(s) were detected. The four genes form an scr operon (gene order, scrK scrY scrA scrB, transcription from K to B), regulated by a repressor (gene scrR, 37 kD) and inducible by sucrose, fructose and fructose-containing oligosaccharides
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 5 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Escherichia coli K–12 strain PS1–28–37 carries the multicopy plasmid pPSO28–37 containing a DNA fragment coding for two of the proteins that enable bacteria to utilize sucrose as sole carbon source. One of the different gene products of the plasmid is the outer membrane protein, ScrY. This protein was isolated and purified by chromatography across a gel filtration column. Reconstitution experiments with lipid by layer membrane demonstrated that ScrY formed ion-permeable channels with properties very similar to those of general diffusion pores of enteric bacteria. The presence of sugars in the aqueous phase led to a dose-dependent block of ion transport through the channel, like the situation found with LamB (maltoporin) of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The binding constants of a variety of different sugars were determined. The stability constant for malto-oligosaccharide binding increased with increasing numbers of glucose residues. Disaccharides generally had a larger binding constant than monosaccharides. The binding of different sugars to ScrY and LamB of E. coli discussed with respect to the kinetics of sugar movement through the channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Sucrose-positive derivatives of Escherichia coli K-12, containing the plasmid pUR400, and of Klebsiella pneumoniae hydrolyse intracellular sucrose 6-phosphate by means of an invertase into d-glucose 6-phosphate and free d-fructose. The latter is phosphorylated by an ATP-dependent fructokinase (gene scrK of an scr regulon) to d-fructose 6-phosphate. The lack of ScrK does not cause any visible phenotype in wild-type strains of both organisms. Using genes and enzymes normally involved in d-arabinitol metabolism from E. coli C and K. pneumoniae, derivatives of E. coli K-12 were constructed which allowed the identification of scrK mutations on conventional indicator plates. Cloning and sequencing of scrK from sucrose plasmid pUR400 and from the chromosome of K. pneumoniae revealed an open reading frame of 924 bp in both cases — the equivalent of a peptide containing 307 amino acid residues (Mr, 39 and 34 kDa, respectively, on sodium dodecyl sulphate gels). The sequences showed overall identity among each other (69% identical residues) and to a kinase from Vibrio alginoiyticus (57%) also involved in sucrose metabolism, lower overall identity (39%) to a d-ribose-kinase from E. coli, and local similarity to prokaryotic, and eukaryotic phosphofructokinases at the putative ATP-binding sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 5 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During the molecular analysis of a plasmid-coded sucrose metabolic pathway of enteric bacteria, a gene, scrY, was found whose product, ScrY, had all the properties of a bacterial porin (Schmid et al, 1988). Loss of this protein (Mr 58kDa), localized in the outer membrane, led, as shown here, to an increase in the apparent Km for sucrose transport in whole cells from 10 μM in wild-type cells to 300 μM in mutant cells. This contrasts with the Km for sucrose phosphorylation as measured in membrane vesicles from mutant and wild-type cells, which remained unchanged at about 10 μM, and reflects the activity of the sucrose-specific Enzymell of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate:phosphotransferase system (PTS) responsible for uptake through the inner membrane. Furthermore, the presence of ScrY restored growth on maltodextrins in cells devoid of LamB, thus complementing the lack of this maltoporin. The amino acid sequence deduced from the DNA sequence was determined for the plasmid-coded and the ScrY porin coded in the chromosome of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Both show high identity (86%) to each other, and to the channel domain of LamB, further corroborating the conclusion that they constitute porins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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