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  • 1
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    Microstructural and stress data from HR-EBSD and STEM analyses of olivine deformed by low-temperature plasticity (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset is supplemental to the paper Wallis et al. (2020) and contains data derived from syn-chrotron X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), high-angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The da-taset consists primarily of measurements of the effect of annealing on stress heterogeneity meas-ured by X-ray diffraction; maps of lattice orientation measured by EBSD; maps of lattice rotations, densities of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), and heterogeneity in residual stress measured by HR-EBSD; and images of dislocations obtained by STEM. Data are provided as 66 tab delimited text files organised and labelled by the figure in which they first appear within Wallis et al. (2020). Table 1 of the data description file presents an overview of the datasets and Table 2 provides a description of each data file. Data types are also indicated in the file names.
    Keywords: Low-temperature plasticity ; olivine ; synchrotron X-ray diffraction ; electron backscatter diffraction ; EBSD ; high-angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction ; HR-EBSD ; scanning transmission electron microscopy ; STEM ; geometrically necessary dislocation ; GND ; residual stress ; EPOS ; multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 IGNEOUS ROCKS 〉 IGNEOUS ROCK PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES 〉 HARDNESS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES 〉 COMPOSITION/TEXTURE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES 〉 HARDNESS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 PLATE TECTONICS 〉 STRAIN ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 PLATE TECTONICS 〉 STRESS ; Hardness ; Multi Anvil ; olivine ; Strength 〉 Yield Strength ; Triaxial
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 2
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    Supplement to: The New World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: These are maps of artificial night sky radiance that were produced by the Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute (ISTIL), and described in the paper "The New World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness" (Falchi et al. 2016).The data are stored in a 2.9 Gb geotiff file, on a 30 arcsecond grid. The map reports simulated zenith radiance data in [mcd/m^2]. The map is based on data from the VIIRS Day Night Band (DNB, MIller et al. 2013), which has been propagated through the atmosphere using the radiative transfer code reported in (Cinzano and Falchi, 2012). The upward emission function and the radiance calibration were obtained using data from Sky Quality Meters (including data from Duriscoe et al. 2007; Falchi 2010; Kyba et al 2013, 2015 and Zamorano et al. 2016).Note that the maps report artificial light only! The zenith radiance from natural sources such as stars and the Milky Way are not included, and must be added in order to match the data that would be obtained from an actual outdoor measurement.A kmz file for quick view of the data is also provided. Access to the FTP site to download the data can be requested via the data request form on the landing page.Version History:13 November 2019: change of the licence to CC BY NC 4.0 (after end of embargo period).
    Description: Other
    Description: Artificial lights raise the night sky luminance, creating the most visible effect of light pollution, artificial sky glow. Despite the increasing interest among scientists in fields such as ecology, astronomy, healthcare, land use planning, light pollution lacks a current quantification of its magnitude on a global scale. To overcome this, here we present the World atlas of the artificial sky luminance, computed with our light pollution propagation software using new high resolution satellite data and new precision sky brightness measurements. This atlas shows that more than 80% of the World and more than 99% of the U.S.A. and Europe populations live under light polluted skies. The Milky Way is hidden for more than one third of humanity, including 60% of Europeans and nearly 80% of North Americans. Moreover, 23% of World's lands between 75°N and 60°S, 88% of Europe and almost half of U.S.A. experience light polluted nights.
    Keywords: artificial light ; ALAN ; skyglow ; light pollution ; atlas ; night ; radiative transfer ; Suomi NPP ; Sky Quality Meter ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 VISUALIZATION/IMAGE PROCESSING
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 26001739 Bytes
    Format: 1 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 3
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    Pictures, DEMs, and raw data relative to analogue accretionary wedges (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset includes raw data used in the paper by Reitano et al. (2022), focused on the effect of boundary conditions on the evolution of analogue accretionary wedges affected by both tectonics and surface processes; the paper also focuses on the balance between tectonics and surface processes as a function of the boundary conditions applied. These boundary conditions are convergence velocity and basal slope (i.e., the tilting toward the foreland imposed prior the experimental run). The experiments have been carried out at Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (LET), University “Roma Tre” (Rome). Detailed descriptions of the experimental apparatus and experimental procedures implemented can be found in the paper to which this dataset refers. Here we present: •Pictures recording the evolution of the models. •GIFs showing time-lapses of models. •Raw DEMs of the models and Incision DEMs, used for extracting data later discusses in the paper.
    Description: Methods
    Description: We took digital images during the evolution of the experiments. These images are stored in the “2021-041_Reitano-et-al_Pictures_and_GIFs” folder. Digital Images The qualitative evolution of the analogue models has been recorded using a digital oblique-view camera (Canon EOS 200D). Digital pictures have not been modified with other imaging software. Data from models' surface Laser scan provides a point cloud, composed by x, y, z coordinated of the points composing the model surface (the number of points is function of the laser resolution). The laser scans are converted to raw DEMs, here stored in the “DEMs” folder. For making the file easily readable to GIS software, data are expressed in m (100 m = 1 mm, see scaling section in the main paper). Bottom left corner in the DEMs is randomly chosen to be -70 ∙ 103 m. No data values equal to -9999. Cell size is 100 m (1 mm in the models). Incision and Mass Balance The .txt files inside the “2021-041_Reitano-et-al_DEMs” folder named “CR****_dem**clip” has been used for producing Fig. 6, 8, 10, and S3 in Reitano et al. (2021). From these DEMs we calculated the Mass Balance, as described in the paper this repository refers to. The .txt files named “CR****_inc**ok” have been used for calculating the incision values shown in Fig. 5 and 7 in Reitano et al. (2021). To obtain incision maps and incision over time, the volume of material incised was computed by comparing the actual topography with the reconstructed non-eroded surface at every shortening step. The non-eroded surface has been calculated by creating an envelope surface using crest lines between valleys as constraints (the assumption is that crests do not erode). The results are then a minimum estimate of the amount of incision.
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Mass Balance ; Analogue models ; EPOS ; multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; analogue modelling results ; software tools ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS 〉 FLOOD PLAIN ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS 〉 RIVER ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS 〉 STREAM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS 〉 VALLEY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL LANDFORMS 〉 WATERSHED/DRAINAGE BASINS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 SEDIMENTATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 TECTONIC LANDFORMS 〉 MOUNTAINS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 TECTONIC PROCESSES 〉 OROGENIC MOVEMENT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 TECTONIC PROCESSES 〉 TECTONIC UPLIFT ; hydrosphere 〉 water (geographic) 〉 surface water ; science 〉 natural science 〉 earth science 〉 geology 〉 tectonics
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 4
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    Major and trace element analysis of Ca-Mg-carbonates and carbonate melt at 6 and 9 GPa (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The melting relations of the CaCO3 MgCO3 system are investigated and trace element partition coefficient of Li, Na, K, Mn, Fe, Sr, Ba, Pb, Nb, Y and rare earth elements (REEs) between carbonates (Mg-calcite, Ca-magnesite) and dolomitic melt are established from high pressure (6 and 9 GPa) and temperature (1300 1800 ℃) experiments utilizing a rocking multi anvil press. We show that Ca Mg carbonates are stable within the subducting slab beyond ~300 km (9 GPa) but will (partial) melt beneath mid ocean ridges and in upwelling plumes. In contrast to previous studies, we report incongruent melting of carbonates producing a carbonate melt and periclase between 4 and 9 GPa. Partial melting of carbonates produces dolomitic melts whereby the trace element signature largely depends on the Ca/Mg-ratio of the bulk system. For instance, REE will be fractionated by two orders or magnitude between Ca magnesite and dolomitic melt. In contrast, melting of Ca rich carbonates will not lead to a significant REE fractionation. The here published data set includes all chemical analysis (major and trace elment composition) of run products and starting materials. From this data set we obtained the melting relations and partition coefficients reported in Sieber et al. (2020); Sieber et al. (under review).
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 5
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    U-Pb data from cherts (Onverwacht Group) and strain data from conglomerates (Moodies Group) from the southern margin of the Archean Barberton Greenstone Belt, Eswatini (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The southern margin of the Barberton Greenstone Belt in Eswatini limits one of the world’s oldest well-preserved sedimentary and volcanic sequences, 3.57 to 3.2 Ga old. In a segment along that margin, older mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks were thrust over the youngest strata (quartz-rich sandstones and conglomerates) before being folded and imbricated in thrust slices. Samples described in this publication comprise tabular data of (1) sample locations and crystallization ages of zircons which were extracted from thin tuffaceous units in the thrust sheet, (2) analytical data from laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), supporting these ages, and (3) quantitative measurements of ductily deformed conglomerate clasts. Field data were collected 2012-2019; U-Pb analyses performed in 2020. The data presented here are the basis for geological maps and cross sections, and are visualized as concordia diagrams form part of in the related publication (Heubeck et al.. 2023).
    Keywords: Archean ; Barberton Greenstone Belt ; Malolotsha ; Moodies Group ; klippe ; Eswatini ; LA-ICP-MS ; U-Pb zircon dating ; zircon ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 AGE DETERMINATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL AGE DETERMINATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 6
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    ACROSS Strong Motion Network in Central Asia (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Earthquake Early Warning and Rapid Response Systems (EEWRRS) should be a viable complement to other disaster risk reduction strategies, particularly in economically developing countries. The „Early Warning and Impact Forecasting“ group (GFZ, section 2.6) is actively involved in the development of novel strategies to develop scientific and technological solutions that may be efficiently applied in countries with limited resources. The proposed solution includes a risk estimation module that extracts from a portfolio of precomputed impact scenarios those matching the characterization of the event detected by an optimized real-time monitoring network. The real-time network integrates both local, on-site components based on low-cost, smart sensor platforms, as well as regional, sparse strong-motion stations. This hybrid solution allows for the optimization of the lead-time and is tailored to the seismotectonic features of the considered region. A prototype EEWRR System is being developed for the Kyrgyz Republic, with the support of the partner CAIAG and in collaboration with the Ministry of Emergency Solutions of the Government of the Kyrygz Republic (MES). Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code AD.
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology ; seismic noise ; earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; broad band ; velocity ; displacement ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: 〉1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 7
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    Building Monitoring and Decentralized on-site Earthquake Early Warning network, Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Building monitoring and decentralized, on-site Earthquake Early Warning system for the Kyrgyz capital Bishkek. Several low cost sensors equipped with MEMS accelerometers have been installed in eleven buildings within the urban area of the city. The different sensing units communicate with each other via wireless links and the seismic data are streamed in real-time to data centres at GFZ and the Central Asian Institute for Applied Geoscience (CAIAG) using internet. Since each sensing unit has its own computing capabilities, software for data processing can be installed to perform decentralised actions. In particular, each sensing unit can perform event detection tasks and run software for on-site early warning. If a description for the vulnerability of the building is uploaded to the sensing unit, this can be exploited to introduce the expected probability of damage in the early-warning protocol customized for a specific structure. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code KD.
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology ; seismic noise ; earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; broad band ; velocity ; displacement ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: 〉1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 8
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    Global magnetic observatory data 1991..2019 - Definitive Magnetic Observatory Data (2022)
    INTERMAGNET ; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) ; Bureau Central de Magnétisme Terrestre, BCMT (France) ; [et al.]
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded during 1991..2019 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive files. This is the 28th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard".
    Description: Methods
    Description: Geomagnetic data is recorded and quality controlled at the institutions responsible for each observatory. Before becoming a member of INTERMAGNET, institutes must make a detailed submission for each observatory that is to join. This submission is verified by a committee in INTERMAGNET before the observatory is admitted. Only data from INTERMAGNET members is published by INTERMAGNET. Each annual definitive data set is checked for quality by a team of data checkers in INTERMAGNET before the data is admitted to the series for that year.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is the global network of observatories, monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. The INTERMAGNET programme exists to establish a global network of cooperating digital magnetic observatories, adopting modern standard specifications for measuring and recording equipment, in order to facilitate data exchange and the production of geomagnetic products in close to real time. INTERMAGNET also coordinates the publication of quality-controlled, definitive geomagnetic data from its affiliated observatories.
    Keywords: definitive data ; INTERMAGNET ; geomagnetism ; magnetism ; observatory ; definitive ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GEOMAGNETIC STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 9
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    Meteoroid studies on DAS and large-N networks: data sets (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-14
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We present an outstanding record of local, dense Large-N seismic and distributed acoustic sensor observations of a meteoroid from July 2, 2021 in Iceland. Our dataset includes high-quality observations from seven small aperture arrays of few hundred meters, an infrasound array, and a rotational station, all located within the distance range of 300 km. The high-frequency data show a variety of different phases associated with the source process along the atmospheric trajectory, including impulsive negative 1 first ground motions, a complex coda wave train about 2.5 s long thereafter, an azimuth-dependent stopping phase with reversed polarity between 1-25 s after the first arrival, which is resolved over only a few kilometers. The ground motion amplitude between the first and last arrivals is generally elevated. We associate the waveform in the 2.5 s coda with meteor-atmosphere interactions and nonlinear plasma processes that produce an oscillating shock-wave source pulse. Our data suggest a small azimuth-dependent deflection or dispersion of this source pulse, which may be related to the meteoroid’s deceleration in the atmosphere. We present a finite-length kinematic line-source pulse model that consistently explains the different phases inside and outside the Mach cone segment of our images, their wave amplitude variations, and a polarity change between the first phase and the terminating phase. The previously undiscovered rich directivity effects can also explain seemingly contradictory, time-dependent wave energy beam-directions at the various small aperture arrays and along the DAS cable. A combination of conventional locations and a Bayesian inversion of first and stopping phase arrivals led to a precise localization of the meteor trajectory.
    Keywords: Large-N seismometers networks ; Distributed fibre optic sensing ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METEORITES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METEORITES 〉 METEORITE ORIGIN
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 10
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    Global magnetic observatory data 1991 - 2015 (2020)
    INTERMAGNET ; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) ; Bureau Central de Magnétisme Terrestre, BCMT (France) ; [et al.]
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded from 1991 to 2015 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 25th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
    Description: Methods
    Description: Geomagnetic data is recorded and quality controlled at the institutions responsible for each observatory. Before becoming a member of INTERMAGNET, institutes must make a detailed submission for each observatory that is to join. This submission is verified by a committee in INTERMAGNET before the observatory is admitted. Only data from INTERMAGNET members is published by INTERMAGNET. Each annual definitive data set is checked for quality by a team of data checkers in INTERMAGNET before the data is admitted to the series for that year.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is the global network of observatories, monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. The INTERMAGNET programme exists to establish a global network of cooperating digital magnetic observatories, adopting modern standard specifications for measuring and recording equipment, in order to facilitate data exchange and the production of geomagnetic products in close to real time. INTERMAGNET also coordinates the publication of quality-controlled, definitive geomagnetic data from its affiliated observatories.
    Keywords: definitive data ; INTERMAGNET ; geomagnetism ; magnetism ; observatory ; definitive ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GEOMAGNETIC STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
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