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  • GFZ Data Services  (14)
  • BioMed Central  (4)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-01-20
    Description: Background: Bifidobacteria is one of the major gut commensal groups found in infants. Their colonization is commonly associated with beneficial effects to the host through mechanisms like niche occupation and nutrient competition against pathogenic bacteria. Iron is an essential element necessary for most microorganisms, including bifidobacteria and efficient competition for this micronutrient is linked to proliferation and persistence. For this research we hypothesized that bifidobacteria in the gut of iron deficient infants can efficiently sequester iron. The aim of the present study was to isolate bifidobacteria in fecal samples of iron deficient Kenyan infants and to characterize siderophore production and iron internalization capacity. Results: Fifty-six bifidobacterial strains were isolated by streaking twenty-eight stool samples from Kenyan infants, in enrichment media. To target strains with high iron sequestration mechanisms, a strong iron chelator 2,2-dipyridyl was supplemented to the agar media. Bifidobacterial isolates were first identified to species level by 16S rRNA sequencing, yielding B. bifidum (19 isolates), B. longum (15), B. breve (11), B. kashiwanohense (7), B. pseudolongum (3) and B. pseudocatenulatum (1). While most isolated bifidobacterial species are commonly encountered in the infantile gut, B. kashiwanohense was not frequently reported in infant feces. Thirty strains from culture collections and 56 isolates were characterized for their siderophore production, tested by the CAS assay. Siderophore activity ranged from 3 to 89% siderophore units, with 35 strains (41%) exhibiting high siderophore activity, and 31 (36%) and 20 (23%) showing intermediate or low activity. The amount of internalized iron of 60 bifidobacteria strains selected for their siderophore activity, was in a broad range from 8 to118 ?M Fe. Four strains, B. pseudolongum PV8-2, B. kashiwanohense PV20-2, B. bifidum PV28-2a and B. longum PV5-1 isolated from infant stool samples were selected for both high siderophore activity and iron internalization. Conclusions: A broad diversity of bifidobacteria were isolated in infant stools using iron limited conditions, with some strains exhibiting high iron sequestration properties. The ability of bifidobacteria to efficiently utilize iron sequestration mechanism such as siderophore production and iron internalization may confer an ecological advantage and be the basis for enhanced competition against enteropathogens.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2180
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-03-27
    Description: Background: Headache is one of the most common symptoms in primary care. To improve the quality of headache diagnosis and management with the largest possible benefit for the general population, headache and pain societies around the world have recently been devoting more attention to headache in primary care.To study the potential contribution that national societies can make toward raising the awareness of primary headaches in general practice.FindingsIn a qualitative telephone survey, targeting primary care practices (PCP), we asked about the frequency of headache patients in their practices and inquired about their treatment and referral strategies.A total of 1000 telephone interviews with PCP have been conducted. Three-hundred and fifty physicians have been directly interviewed, 95% of them see headache patients every week, 23% daily. Direct MRI referral is done by 84%. Sixty-two per cent of the physicians knew the Swiss headache society, 73% were interested in further education about headaches. Conclusion: The survey yielded information about the physicians' awareness of the Swiss Headache Society and its activities, and about their desire for continuing education in the area of headache. National headache societies should work to improve the cooperation between headache specialists and PCP, aiming for a better care for our patients with headache.
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-0500
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 3
  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: GOCO06s is a satellite-only, global gravity field model up to degree and order 300, with secular and annual variations up to degree and order 120. It was produced by the GOCO Team (Technical University of Munich, University of Bonn, Graz University of Technology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Bern) and is based on 1,160,000,000 observations from 19 satellites. The contributing satellite mission are: GOCE (TIM6 gradiometer observations), GRACE (ITSG-Grace2018s), kinematic orbits from Swarm A+B+C, TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X, CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, and SLR observations to LAGEOS, LAGEOS 2, Starlette, Stella, AJISAI, LARES, LARETS, Etalon 1/2 and BLITS. The combination of the individual data sources is performed on the basis of the full systems of normal equations, where the relative weighting between each constituent is determined by variance component estimation. In order to account for the polar gap of GOCE, the solution is Kaula-regularized after degree and order 150.The model is available via the ICGEM Service (Ince et al., 2019)
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: PARAMETERS:modelname GOCO06sproduct_type gravity_fieldearth_gravity_constant 3.9860044150e+14radius 6.3781363000e+06max_degree 300norm fully_normalizedtide_system zero_tideerrors formal
    Keywords: ICGEM ; global gravitational model ; GOCO ; GOCE ; GRACE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 5
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-03-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: GRACE monthly gravity field solutions starting from April 2002 to June 2017 up to degree and order 90 computed with the Celestial Mechanics Approach at AIUB. The time series is an updated of AIUB-RL02 GRACE monthly gravity field time series using Level-1B GRACE data and updated background models. The dataset is created within the framework of the G3P - Global Gravity-based Groundwater Product project (https://www.g3p.eu/), this project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870353.
    Description: Other
    Description: Parameters: product_type = gravity_field earth_gravity_constant = 3.986004415000e+14 radius = 6.378137000000e+06 max_degree = 90 norm = fully_normalized tide_system = tide_free errors = formal
    Keywords: International Center for Global Earth Models ; ICGEM ; Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment ; GRACE ; GRACE-FO ; Level-2 ; SHM ; Spherical Harmonic Model ; Gravitational Field ; Geopotential ; Gravity Field ; Time variable Gravity Field ; Satellite Geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-03-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Global Gravity-based Groundwater Product (G3P) provides groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA) from a cross-cutting combination of GRACE/GRACE-FO-based terrestrial water storage (TWS) and storage compartments of the water cycle (WSCs) that are part of the Copernicus portfolio. The data set comprises gridded anomalies of groundwater, TWS, and the WSCs glacier, snow, soil moisture and surface water bodies plus layers containing uncertainty information for the individual data products. All WSCs are spatially filtered with a Gaussian filter to be compatible with TWS. Spatial coverage is global, except Greenland and Antarctica, with 0.5-degree resolution. Temporal coverage is from April 2002 to December 2020 with monthly temporal resolution. Gridded data sets are available as NetCDF files containing variables for the parameter value as anomaly in mm equivalent water height and the parameter’s uncertainty as mm equivalent water height. The latest version of the data is visualized at the GravIS portal: http://gravis.gfz-potsdam.de/gws. From GravIS, the data is also available as area averages for several large river basins and aquifers, as well as for climatically similar regions. G3P was funded by the EU Horizon 2020 programme in response to the call LC-SPACE-04-EO-2019-2020 “Copernicus evolution – Research activities in support of cross-cutting applications between Copernicus services” under grant agreement No. 870353. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Version History: 10 March 2023: Release of Version v1.11. This is the initial release of the data.
    Keywords: Terrestrial Water Storage ; Water Balance ; Satellite Gravimetry ; Copernicus ; Groundwater ; Groundwater Storage Variations ; Mass change ; Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment ; GRACE ; GRACE Follow-on ; GRACE-FO ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder 〉 GRACE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE 〉 GROUND WATER 〉 WATER TABLE ; environment 〉 natural environment 〉 terrestrial environment ; The Present
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-12-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Operationally combined monthly gravity fields of the GRACE-FO satellite mission in spherical harmonic representation (Level-2 product) generated by the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G; Jäggi et al. (2020):http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_109), a product center for time-variable gravity fields of IAG's International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). COST-G_GRACE-FO_RL01_OP is a combination of AIUB-GRACE-FO_op, GFZ-RL06 (GFO), GRGS-RL05 (unconstrained solution), ITSG-Grace_op, LUH-GRACE-FO, CSR-RL06 (GFO) and JPL-RL06 (GFO). The original time-series were provided by the analysis centers (ACs) and partner analysis centers (PCs) of COST-G.
    Description: Methods
    Description: COST-G performs a harmonization and quality control of the individual input solutions of the COST-G ACs and PCs. The combination of COST-G_GRACE-FO_RL01_OP is then performed applying variance component estimation on the solution level (Jean et al., 2018): https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-018-1123-5). The resulting COST-G combined gravity fields are validated assessing their signal and noise content in the spectral and spatial domain (Meyer et al., 2019: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-019-01274-6) and by the COST-G Product Evaluation Group (PEG).
    Keywords: COST-G ; IGFS Product Center ; Combined solutions ; Time variable gravity ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-12-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Combined monthly gravity fields of the GRACE satellite mission in spherical harmonic representation (Level-2 product) generated by the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G; Jäggi et al. (2020):http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_109), a product center for time-variable gravity fields of IAG's International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). COST-G GRACE RL01 is a combination of AIUB-RL02, GFZ-RL06, GRGS-RL04 (unconstrained solution), ITSG-GRACE2018, and CSR-RL06. The original time-series were provided by the analysis centers (ACs) and partner analysis centers (PCs) of COST-G.
    Description: Methods
    Description: COST-G performs a harmonization and quality control of the individual input solutions of the COST-G ACs and PCs. The combination of COST-G GRACE RL01 is then performed applying variance component estimation on the solution level (Jean et al., 2018): https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-018-1123-5). The resulting COST-G combined gravity fields are validated assessing their signal and noise content in the spectral and spatial domain (Meyer et al., 2019: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-019-01274-6) and by the COST-G Product Evaluation Group (PEG).
    Keywords: COST-G ; IGFS Product Center ; Combined solutions ; Time variable gravity ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-12-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Although the knowledge of the gravity of the Earth has improved considerably with CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE satellite missions, the geophysical community has identified the need for the continued monitoring of its time-variable component with the purpose of estimating the hydrological and glaciological yearly cycles and long-term trends. Currently, the GRACE-FO satellites are the sole provider of this data, while previously the GRACE mission collected these data for 15 years. Between the GRACE and GRACE-FO data periods lies a gap spanning from July 2017 to May 2018, while the Swarm satellites have collected gravimetric data with its GPS receivers since December 2013. This project aims at providing high-quality gravity field models from Swarm data that constitute an alternative and independent source of gravimetric data, which could help alleviate the consequences of the 10-month gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, as well as the short gaps in the existing GRACE and GRACE-FO monthly time series. The geodetic community has realized that the combination of the different gravity field solutions is superior to any individual model. This project exploits this fact and delivers to the highest quality monthly-independent gravity field models, resulting from the combination of 4 different gravity field estimation approaches. All solutions are unconstrained and estimated independently from month to month. Preliminary comparison with GRACE data has demonstrated that the signal in the Swarm gravity field models is restricted to degrees 12-15 and below, while the temporal correlations decrease considerably above degree 10. The 750km smoothed models are suitable to retrieve the global annual temporal variations of Earth's gravity field and the agreement with GRACE over large basins (e.g. Amazon, Congo-Zambezi, Ganges-Brahmaputra) is within 1cm RMS in terms of Equivalent Water Height. The global RMS relative to a bias, trend, an annual and semi-annual model derived from GRACE over deep ocean areas (those roughly 1000km from shorelines) is under 1mm geoid height during periods of low ionospheric activity. More information about this project can be found at https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data and ESA's Swarm DISC (the Data, Innovation and Science Cluster) Website (https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF). This project is funded by ESA via the Swarm DISC, Sub-Contract No. SW-CO-DTU-GS-111.
    Keywords: Swarm Satellites ; Gravity Field ; Mass Transport Processes ; GPS ; Kinematic orbit ; ICGEM ; COST-G ; International Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Field Solutions ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ALTITUDE 〉 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; science 〉 geography 〉 geodesy
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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