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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Marlow, J., Anderson, R., Reysenbach, A.-L., Seewald, J., Shank, T., Teske, A., Wanless, V., & Soule, S. New opportunities and untapped scientific potential in the abyssal ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, (2022): 798943, https://doi.org/10.3389./fmars.2021.798943
    Beschreibung: The abyssal ocean covers more than half of the Earth’s surface, yet remains understudied and underappreciated. In this Perspectives article, we mark the occasion of the Deep Submergence Vehicle Alvin’s increased depth range (from 4500 to 6500 m) to highlight the scientific potential of the abyssal seafloor. From a geologic perspective, ultra-slow spreading mid-ocean ridges, Petit Spot volcanism, transform faults, and subduction zones put the full life cycle of oceanic crust on display in the abyss, revealing constructive and destructive forces over wide ranges in time and space. Geochemically, the abyssal pressure regime influences the solubility of constituents such as silica and carbonate, and extremely high-temperature fluid-rock reactions in the shallow subsurface lead to distinctive and potentially unique geochemical profiles. Microbial residents range from low-abundance, low-energy communities on the abyssal plains to fast growing thermophiles at hydrothermal vents. Given its spatial extent and position as an intermediate zone between coastal and deep hadal settings, the abyss represents a lynchpin in global-scale processes such as nutrient and energy flux, population structure, and biogeographic diversity. Taken together, the abyssal ocean contributes critical ecosystem services while facing acute and diffuse anthropogenic threats from deep-sea mining, pollution, and climate change.
    Beschreibung: We would like to thank the National Science Foundation for their support through grants NSF 2009117 and 2129431 to SAS.
    Schlagwort(e): Abyssal ocean ; Geochemistry ; Microbiology ; Geology ; Ecology
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Teske, A., Wegener, G., Chanton, J. P., White, D., MacGregor, B., Hoer, D., de Beer, D., Zhuang, G., Saxton, M. A., Joye, S. B., Lizarralde, D., Soule, S. A., & Ruff, S. E. Microbial communities under distinct thermal and geochemical regimes in axial and off-axis sediments of Guaymas Basin. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, (2021): 633649, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.633649.
    Beschreibung: Cold seeps and hydrothermal vents are seafloor habitats fueled by subsurface energy sources. Both habitat types coexist in Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California, providing an opportunity to compare microbial communities with distinct physiologies adapted to different thermal regimes. Hydrothermally active sites in the southern Guaymas Basin axial valley, and cold seep sites at Octopus Mound, a carbonate mound with abundant methanotrophic cold seep fauna at the Central Seep location on the northern off-axis flanking regions, show consistent geochemical and microbial differences between hot, temperate, cold seep, and background sites. The changing microbial actors include autotrophic and heterotrophic bacterial and archaeal lineages that catalyze sulfur, nitrogen, and methane cycling, organic matter degradation, and hydrocarbon oxidation. Thermal, biogeochemical, and microbiological characteristics of the sampling locations indicate that sediment thermal regime and seep-derived or hydrothermal energy sources structure the microbial communities at the sediment surface.
    Beschreibung: Research on Guaymas Basin in the Teske lab is supported by NSF Molecular and cellular Biology grant 1817381 “Collaborative Research: Next generation physiology: a systems-level understanding of microbes driving carbon cycling in marine sediments”. Sampling in Guaymas Basin was supported by collaborative NSF Biological Oceanography grants 1357238 and 1357360 “Collaborative Research: Microbial carbon cycling and its interaction with sulfur and nitrogen transformations in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments” to AT and SJ, respectively. SER was supported by an AITF/Eyes High Postdoctoral Fellowship and start-up funds provided by the Marine Biological Laboratory.
    Schlagwort(e): Cold seep ; Hydrothermal sediment ; Porewater profiles ; Bacteria, archaea ; Guaymas Basin
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-13
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Edgcomb, V., Teske, A., & Mara, P. Microbial hydrocarbon degradation in Guaymas Basin—exploring the roles and potential interactions of fungi and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, (2022): 831828, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.831828.
    Beschreibung: Hydrocarbons are degraded by specialized types of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Their occurrence in marine hydrocarbon seeps and sediments prompted a study of their role and their potential interactions, using the hydrocarbon-rich hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California as a model system. This sedimented vent site is characterized by localized hydrothermal circulation that introduces seawater sulfate into methane- and hydrocarbon-rich sediments, and thus selects for diverse hydrocarbon-degrading communities of which methane, alkane- and aromatics-oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea have been especially well-studied. Current molecular and cultivation surveys are detecting diverse fungi in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments, and draw attention to possible fungal-bacterial interactions. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we report on background, recent results and outcomes, and underlying hypotheses that guide current experiments on this topic in the Edgcomb and Teske labs in 2021, and that we will revisit during our ongoing investigations of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities in the deep sedimentary subsurface of Guaymas Basin.
    Beschreibung: This project was supported by collaborative NSF Biological Oceanography grants OCE-1829903 and OCE-1829680 “Hydrothermal fungi in the Guaymas Basin Hydrocarbon Ecosystem” to VE and AT, and collaborative NSF Biological Oceanography grants OCE-2046799 and OCE-2048489 “IODP-enabled Insights into Fungi and Their Metabolic Interactions with Other Microorganisms in Deep Subsurface Hydrothermal Sediments” to VE and AT. PM was supported by OCE-2046799 and OCE-1829903. Sampling in Guaymas Basin was supported by collaborative NSF Biological Oceanography grant 1357238 “Collaborative Research: Microbial carbon cycling and its interaction with sulfur and nitrogen transformations in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments” to AT.
    Schlagwort(e): hydrocarbon ; fungi ; sulfate-reducing bacteria ; microbial interaction ; Guaymas Basin
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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