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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-03-15
    Description: We present a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach for the simulation of three-dimensional (3-D) transient electromagnetic diffusion phenomena for the detection of water-bearing structures in front of a tunnel face. The unconditionally-stable du Fort-Frankel difference discrete method is used and an additional fictitious displacement current is introduced into the diffusion equations to form explicit difference equations. We establish a new excitation loop source which considers Maxwell's equations in source media to overcome the limitations of the precondition that the near-surface resistivity of the model is uniform in the well-known 3-D FDTD algorithm demonstrated by Wang and Hohmann in 1993. The algorithm has the ability to simulate any type of transmitting current waveforms and arbitrarily complicated earth structures. A trapezoidal wave is used to simulate a step-off source. The fictitious permittivity is allowed to vary during the computation to ensure the stability and optimize an efficient time step. Homogeneous full-space models with different resistivities are simulated and compared with the analytical solutions to demonstrate the algorithm. Transient electromagnetic (TEM) responses of a tunnel with and without a water-filled vertical fault in front of the tunnel face are simulated and compared. 3-D models with water-filled fault and karst caves in front of a tunnel face are simulated with different parameters considered.
    Print ISSN: 1083-1363
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2658
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉Using geophysical methods, specifically transient electromagnetic (TEM), for CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 monitoring is an effective way to detect CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 diffusion. In this work, a multi-scale finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm was established to monitor CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 by defining new iterative relations and approximating boundary conditions, which achieves unification in the time and space domain. The response curve characteristics of different forms of CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 were acquired by changing the receiver's depth and position, CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 resistivity, scale, and injection stage. Different models considering a planar, tilted, and large-scale CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 bodies, which were established to test the capacity of TEM monitoring for CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. The TEM response of injected CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 bodies had obvious characteristics and the response curve had distinguishable differences from background. This phenomenon could provide reference models for real TEM CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 monitoring.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 1083-1363
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2658
    Topics: Geosciences
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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