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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 1261-1271 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: sorption of gas in glassy polymers, compressible lattice model for ; glassy polymers, lattice compressibility and gas sorption thermodynamics in ; lattice models for gas sorption thermodynamics in glassy polymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A compressible lattice model with holes, the glassy polymer lattice sorption model (GPLSM), was used to model the sorption of carbon dioxide, methane, and ethylene in glassy polycarbonate and carbon dioxide in glassy tetramethyl polycarbonate. For glassy polymers, an incompressible lattice model, such as the Flory-Huggins theory, requires concentration-dependent and physically unrealistic values for the lattice site volumes in order to satisfy lattice incompressibility. Rather than forcing lattice incompressibility, GPLSM was used and reasonable parameter values were obtained. The effect of conditioning on gas sorption in glassy polymers was analyzed quantitatively with GPLSM. The Henry's law constant decreases significantly upon gas conditioning, reflecting changes in the polymer matrix at infinite dilution. Treating the Henry's law constant as a hypothetical vapor pressure at infinite dilution, gas molecules in the conditioned polymer are less “volatile” than those in the unconditioned polymer. Flory-Huggins theory was used to model the sorption of carbon dioxide, methane, and ethylene in silicone rubber. Above the glass transition temperature, the criterion of lattice incompressibility for Flory-Huggins theory was satisfied with physically realistic and constant values for the lattice site volumes. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 5 (1994), S. 698-707 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Gas sorption ; Rubbery polymers ; Glassy polymers ; Thermodynamics ; Phase equilibria ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Theories and models are presented for gas sorption in polymers above and below the glass transition temperature. With the exception of predictive theories that do not represent the data well, the models are fit to data for the carbon dioxide/silicone rubber and carbon dioxide/polycarbonate systems for the purposes of comparison. During the past decade, a number of new models and theories have been proposed specifically for gas sorption in glassy polymers. Each new model attempts to incorporate aspects of the gas sorption process that are unique to polymers below the glass transition temperature. This review discusses these recent advances, the assumptions used in their development and their advantages and disadvantages.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2 (1985), S. 283-284 
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-07-05
    Description: Coastal ecosystems produce and store carbonate particles, which play a significant role in the carbonate dynamics of coastal areas and may contribute to the sediment budget of adjacent beaches. In the nearshore seabed of temperate zones (e.g. Mediterranean Sea and South Australia), marine biogenic carbonates are mainly produced inside seagrass meadows. This study quantifies the contribution of biogenic sediments, mainly produced in Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows and secondarily in photophilic algal communities, to the sediment budget of a Mediterranean beach–dune system (San Giovanni beach, western Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea). A set of geophysical, petrographic and sedimentological data was used to estimate the sediment volume and composition of the beach–dune system as a whole. The San Giovanni beach–dune system contains 3 797 000 ± 404 000 t of sediment, 83 % (3 137 000 ± 404 000 t) of which is located in the coastal wedge, 16 % (619 000 ± 88 000 t) in the dune fields and 1 % (41 000 ± 15 000 t) in the subaerial beach. The sediments are composed of mixed modern bioclastic and relict bioclastic and non-bioclastic grains from various sources. The system receives a large input of modern bioclastic grains, mainly composed of rhodophytes, molluscs and bryozoans, which derive from sediment production of present-day carbonate factories, particularly P. oceanica seagrass meadows. Radiocarbon dating of modern bioclastic grains indicated that they were produced during the last 4.37 kyr. This value was used to estimate the long-term deposition rates of modern bioclastic sediments in the various beach compartments. The total deposition rate of modern bioclastic grains is 46 000 ± 5000 t century−1, mainly deposited in the coastal wedge (39 000 ± 4 000 t century−1) and dunes (7000 ± 1000 t century−1), and 46 000 t represents  ∼  1.2 % of the total beach–dune sediment mass. Carbonate production from coastal ecosystems was estimated to be 132 000∕307 000 t century−1, 28 % (15 % ∕ 34 %) of which is transported to the beach–dune system, thus significantly contributing to the beach sediment budget. The contribution to the beach sediment budget represents a further ecosystem service, which our data can help quantify, provided by P. oceanica. The value of this sediment-supply service is in addition to the other important ecological services provided by seagrass meadows. The dependence of the beach sediment budget on carbonate production associated with coastal ecosystems has several implications for the adaptation of mixed and carbonate beaches to the loss of seagrass meadows due to local impacts and the changes expected to occur over the next few decades in coastal ecosystems following sea level rise.
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-02-20
    Description: Coastal ecosystems store carbonate particles, which play a significant role in the carbonate dynamics of coastal areas and may contribute to the sediment budget of adjacent beaches. In the nearshore seabed of temperate zones, marine biogenic carbonates are mainly produced inside seagrass meadows. This study quantifies the contribution of biogenic sediments, mainly produced in Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows and secondarily in photophilic algal communities, to the sediment budget of a Mediterranean beach-dune system (San Giovanni beach, western Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea). A set of geophysical, petrographic and sedimentological data were used to estimate the sediment volume and composition of the beach-dune system as a whole. The San Giovanni beach-dune system contains ~ 2106 m3 of sediments, about 83 % of which are located in the coastal wedge, 16 % in the dune fields and 1 % in the beachface. The sediments are composed of mixed modern bioclastic and relict biogenic and siliciclastic grains from various sources. The system receives a large input of modern bioclastic grains, mainly composed of Rhodophytes, Molluscs and Bryozoans, which derive from sediment production by present-day carbonate factories, particularly P. oceanica seagrass meadows. Radiocarbon dating of modern bioclastic grains indicated that they were produced during the last 4.37 ka. This value was used to estimate the long-term deposition rates of modern bioclastic sediments in the various beach compartments. The total deposition rate of modern bioclastic grains is 46 000 ± 5000 tons century−1, mainly deposited in the coastal wedge (85 %) and dunes (15 %). This deposition rate is equivalent to ~ 26 000 m3 century−1, and 26 000 m3 represents ~ 1.2 % of the total beach-dune sediment volume. Carbonate production from coastal ecosystems was estimated to be 132 000 ÷ 307 000 tons century−1, 28 % (15 % ÷ 34 %) of which is transported to the beach. The contribution to the beach sediment budget represents a further ecosystem service provided by P. oceanica, and our data can help quantify the value of this specific service in addition to the others provided by this seagrass. The dependence of the beach sediment budget on carbonate production associated with coastal ecosystems has several implications for the adaptation of mixed and carbonate beaches to the loss of seagrass meadows due to local impacts and the changes expected to occur over the next few decades in coastal ecosystems following sea level rise.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-04-23
    Description: The expected global sea level rise by the year 2100 will determine adaptation of the whole coastal system and the land retreat of the shoreline. Future scenarios coupled with the improvement of mining technologies will favour increased exploitation of sand deposits for nourishment, especially for urban beaches and sandy coasts with lowlands behind them. The objective of the work is to provide useful tools to support planning in the management of sand deposits located on the continental shelf of Western Sardinia (western Mediterranean Sea). The work has been realised through the integration of data and information collected during several projects. Available data consist of morpho-bathymetric data (multibeam) associated with morphoacoustic (backscatter) data, collected in the depth range −25 to −700 m. Extensive coverage of high-resolution seismic profiles (Chirp 3.5 kHz) has been acquired along the continental shelf. Also, surface sediment samples (Van Veen grab and box corer) and vibrocorers have been collected. These data allow mapping of the submerged sand deposits with the determination of their thickness and volume and their sedimentological characteristics. Furthermore, it is possible to map the seabed geomorphological features of the continental shelf of Western Sardinia. All the available data (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.895430) have been integrated and organised in a geodatabase implemented through a GIS and the software suite Geoinformation Enabling ToolkIT StarterKit® (GET-IT), developed by researchers of the Italian National Research Council for RITMARE project. GET-IT facilitates the creation of distributed nodes of an interoperable spatial data infrastructure (SDI) and enables unskilled researchers from various scientific domains to create their own Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard services for distributing geospatial data, observations and metadata of sensors and data sets. Data distribution through standard services follows the guidelines of the European Directive INSPIRE (DIRECTIVE 2007/2/EC); in particular, standard metadata describe each map level, containing identifiers such as data type, origin, property, quality, processing processes to foster data searching and quality assessment.
    Print ISSN: 1866-3508
    Electronic ISSN: 1866-3516
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-12-20
    Description: The expected sea level rise by the year 2100 will determine an adaptation of the whole coastal system and the land retreat of the shoreline. Future scenarios coupled with the improving of mining technologies will favour an increased exploitation of sand deposits for nourishments, especially for urban beaches and sandy coasts with lowlands behind. Objective of the work is to provide useful tools to support planning actions in the management of sand deposits located in the continental shelf of western Sardinia (western Mediterranean Sea). The work has been realized through the integration of data and information collected during several projects. Available data consist of morpho-bathymetric data (multibeam) associated with morphoacoustic (backscatter) data, collected in the depth range −25 to −700 m. Extensive coverage of high-resolution seismic profiles (Chirp 3.5 kHz) have been acquired along the continental shelf. Also surface sediment samples (Van Veen grab and box corer) and vibrocores have been collected. These data allow mapping of the submerged sand deposits with the determination of their thickness and volumes, and their sedimentological characteristics. Furthermore, it is possible to map the seabed geomorphological features of the continental shelf of western Sardinia. All the available data (doi: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.895430) have been integrated and organized in a geodatabase implemented through a GIS and the software suite Geoinformation Enabling Toolkit StarterKit® (GET-IT), developed by researchers of the Italian National Research Council for RITMARE project. GET-IT facilitates the creation of distributed nodes of an interoperable Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) and enables unskilled researchers from various scientific domains to create their own Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard services for distributing geospatial data, observations and metadata of sensors and datasets. Data distribution through standard services follows the guidelines of the European Directive INSPIRE (DIRECTIVE 2007/2/EC); in particular, standard metadata describe each map level, containing identifiers such as data type, origin, property, quality, processing processes to foster data searching and quality assessment.
    Electronic ISSN: 1866-3591
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus
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