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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 78 (1989), S. 1121-1140 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The stratigraphic and biogeographic distribution of more than 170 species of deep-water agglutinated benthic foraminifers (DWAF) from the North Atlantic and adjacent marginal seas has been compared with paleoenvironmental data (e.g. paleobathymetry, oxygenation of the bottom waters, amount of terrigenous input and substrate disturbance). Six general types of assemblages, in which deep water agglutinated taxa occur, are defined from the Turonian to Maastrichtian times: 1. High latitude slope assemblages 2. Low to mid latitude slope assemblages 3. Flysch-type assemblages 4. Deep water limestone assemblages (»Scaglia«-type) 5. Abyssal mixed calcareous-agglutinated assemblages 6. Abyssal purely agglutinated assemblages Latitudinal differences in faunal composition are observed, the most important of which is the lack or extreme paucity of calcareous forms in high latitude assemblages. East-to-west differences appear to be of comparatively minor importance. Most DWAF species occur in all studied regions and are thus considered as cosmopolitan. Biostratigraphic turnovers in the taxonomic content of assemblages are observed in the lowermost Turonian, mid- Campanian and in the upper Maastrichtian to lowermost Paleocene. These datum levels correspond to inter-regional and time-constant paleooceanographic events, which probably also affected the deep-water benthic biota. This allows us to use deep-water agglutinated foraminifers for biostratigraphy in the North Atlantic sequences deposited below CCD and to geographically extend the currently used zonal schemes which have been established in the Carpathian and Alpine areas.
    Abstract: Résumé La répartition stratigraphique et biogéographique de plus de cent soixante dix espèces de foraminifères benthiques agglutinants d'eaux profondes de l'Océan Atlantique Nord et des mers adjacentes a été examinée en fonction des paramètres du paléoenvironnement (paléobathymétrie, oxygénation et dynamique des eaux de fond, apports détritiques terrigènes). Sur une période s'étendant du Turonien au Maestrichtien, six types principaux d'associations, comprenant en tout ou partie des taxons agglutinants profonds, ont été définis: 1. associations de talus en haute latitude 2. associations de talus en basse latitude 3. associations de type flysch 4. associations de calcaires pélagiques (type »Scaglia«) 5. associations abyssales de type mixte avec foraminifères à test calcaire et foraminifères agglutinants 6. associations abyssales uniquement composées d'agglutinants. Des différences latitudinales sont apparues dans la composition faunique: la plus importante réside dans l'absence ou la très grande rareté des formes à test calcaire dans les associations de haute latitude. Des différences en longitude, d'est en ouest, apparaissent comparativement d'importance mineure. La plupart des espèces de foraminifères agglutinants d'eaux profondes se rencontrent dans toutes les régions étudiées et peuvent donc être considérées comme ubiquistes. De nettes coupures biostratigraphiques, fondées sur des renouvellements fauniques, sont décelées au Turonien basal, au Campanien moyen et au passage Meastrichtien supérieur-Paléocène basal. Ces niveaux repères correspondent à des événements paléo-océanographiques isochrones et d'extension supra-régionale, qui ont probablement affecté aussi les formes benthiques d'eaux profondes. Ceci nous incite à utiliser les foraminifères benthiques profonds pour la biostratigraphie des séries Nord-Atlantique déposées sous la CCD et par corrélation nous permet d'étendre géographiquement l'usage de zonations initialement définies dans le domaine alpino-carpathique.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die stratigraphische und biogeographische Verbreitung von mehr als 170 Arten sandschaliger benthischer Tiefwasser-Foraminiferen wurde im Nordatlantik und seinen Randmeeren untersucht. Hierbei wurden die in den einzelnen Untersuchungsgebieten unterschiedlichen Paläoenvironment- Bedingungen (Wassertiefe, Sauerstoffverhältnisse am Ozeanboden, detritischer Eintrag und Beeinträchtigung des Substrats durch Strömungs- und Sedimentationsprozesse) zu der jeweiligen taxonomischen Zusammensetzung der agglutinierenden Benthos-Fauna in Beziehung gesetzt. Für den Zeitraum vom Turon bis zum Maastricht ließen sich zwölf charakteristische Vergesellschaftungen agglutinierender Tiefwasser-Foraminiferen unterscheiden, die in sechs Hauptgruppen zusammengefaßt werden können: 1. Kontinentalhang-Vergesellschaftungen hoher Breiten 2. Kontinentalhang-Vergesellschaftungen niedriger bis mittlerer Breiten 3. Flysch-Vergesellschaftungen 4. Vergesellschaftungen pelagischer Kalke (»Scaglia«-Typ) 5. Abyssale gemischt kalkschalige und agglutinierende Benthos-Vergesellschaftungen 6. Abyssale rein agglutinierende Vergesellschaftungen Biogeographische Unterschiede in der Faunenzusammensetzung korrelieren vor allem mit der geographischen Breite, wobei besonders das Fehlen kalkschaliger Elemente in Faunen hoher Breiten auffällt. Ost-West-Unterschiede sind von geringerer Bedeutung, die Mehrzahl der Arten tritt in allen untersuchten Gebieten auf und kann als kosmopolitisch angesehen werden. Faunenschnitte können im basalen Turon, im mittleren Campan und an der Kreide/Tertiär-Grenze beobachtet werden. Diese Zeitabschnitte sind durch überregionale paläoozeanographische Events charakterisiert, die wahrscheinlich auch das Tiefsee-Benthos beeinflußt haben. Dieser Zusammenhang zwischen der Evolution agglutinierender Tiefsee- Foraminiferen und globalen, zeitkonstanten Events ermöglicht eine biostratigraphische Gliederung der Sub-CCD Serien des Nordatlantik mit Hilfe sandschaliger Foraminiferen, die sich weitgehend mit den Zonierungen, die in den Flyschzonen der Karpathen und Alpen entwickelt wurden, korrelieren läßt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of mathematics and artificial intelligence 25 (1999), S. 137-160 
    ISSN: 1573-7470
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The paper identifies a problem in default reasoning in Reiter’s Default Logic and related systems: elements which are similar given the axioms only, become distinguishable in extensions. We explain why, sometimes, this is considered undesirable. Two approaches are presented for guaranteeing similarity preservation: One approach formalizes a way of uniformly applying the defaults to all similar elements by introducing generic extensions, which depend only on similarity types of objects. According to the second approach, for a restricted class of default theories, a default theory is viewed as a “shorthand notation” to what is “really meant” by its formulation. In this approach we propose a rewriting of defaults in a form that guarantees similarity preservation of the modified theory. It turns out that the above two approaches yield the same result.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of mathematics and artificial intelligence 9 (1993), S. 307-325 
    ISSN: 1573-7470
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that the translation of an open default $$\frac{{\alpha (x):M\beta _1 (x),...,M\beta _m (x)}}{{w(x)}}$$ into a modal formula ∀x(Lα(x)∧LMβ 1 (x)∧...∧LMβ m (x)⊃w(x)) gives rise to an embedding of open default systems into non-monotonic logics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta informatica 35 (1998), S. 245-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we introduce context-free grammars and pushdown automata over infinite alphabets. It is shown that a language is generated by a context-free grammar over an infinite alphabet if and only if it is accepted by a pushdown automaton over an infinite alphabet. Also the generated (accepted) languages possess many of the properties of the ordinary context-free languages: decidability, closure properties, etc.. This provides a substantial evidence for considering context-free grammars and pushdown automata over infinite alphabets as a natural extension of the classical ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-05-30
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-05
    Description: Despite the importance of the Bering Sea for subarctic oceanography and climate, relatively little is known of the foraminifera from the extensive Aleutian Basin. We report the occurrence of modern deep-water agglutinated foraminifera collected at seven sites cored during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 323 in the Bering Sea. Assemblages collected from core-top samples contained 32 genera and 50 species and are described and illustrated here for the first time. Commonly occurring species include typical deep-water Rhizammina, Reophax, Rhabdammina, Recurvoides and Nodulina. Assemblages from the northern sites also consist of accessory Cyclammina, Eggerelloides and Glaphyrammina, whilst those of the Bowers Ridge sites consist of other tubular genera and Martinottiella. Of the studied stations with the lowest dissolved oxygen concentrations, the potentially Bering Sea endemic Eggerelloides sp. 1 inhabits the northern slope, which has the highest primary productivity, and the potentially endemic Martinottiella sp. 3 inhabits Bowers Ridge, which has the lowest oxygen concentrations but relatively low annual productivity. Martinottiella sp. 3, with open pores on its test surface, has previously been reported in Pliocene to Recent material from Bowers Ridge. Despite relatively small sample sizes, ecological constraints may imply that the Bering Sea experienced high productivity and reduced oxygen at times since at least the Pliocene. We note the partially endemic nature of the agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages, which may at least in part be due to basin restriction, the geologically long time period of reduced oxygen, and high organic carbon flux. Our results indicate the importance of gathering further surface sample data from the Aleutian Basin.
    Print ISSN: 0262-821X
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4978
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of Micropalaeontological Society.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-01-02
    Print ISSN: 1319-8025
    Electronic ISSN: 2191-4281
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2018-06-04
    Print ISSN: 2364-9453
    Electronic ISSN: 2364-9461
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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