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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 32 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In coeliac disease (CD) there is an inflammatory status of the intestinal mucosa because of a high expression of proinflammatory mediators. The nuclear protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has been implicated in the initial inflammatory response by modulating transcription of inflammation-related genes. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of PARP-1 gene promoter region haplotypes in relation to coeliac disease susceptibility. We analysed a coeliac population consisting of a case-control panel with 120 CD patients and 311 healthy blood donors. A CA microsatellite, as haplotype-defining variant of the whole PARP-1 promoter, was typed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method combined with fluorescence technology. We considered two promoter haplotypes: A defined by short CA alleles (83–87 bp) and B defined by long CA alleles (89–101 bp). Haplotype A was significantly increased within the coeliac patients group (P = 0.007 OR 1.6 95%CI 1.12–2.35). Additionally, we observed a significant dose effect, showing homozygous individuals for haplotype A higher risk for CD susceptibility (P = 0.007, OR 1.79 95%CI 1.14–2.82). Our results provide the first evidence that PARP-1 haplotypes are related with coeliac disease susceptibility.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: During surveys of sugarcane fields in western and central Cuba from December 2001 to March 2003, the delphacid planthopper Saccharosydne saccharivora was the most prevalent of the Auchenorrhyncha fauna surveyed. Individuals of S. saccharivora collected tested positive for the sugarcane yellow leaf phytoplasma (SCYLP). Saccharosydne saccharivora were reared in cages and used for experimental transmission studies of SCYLP. The S. saccharivora were given acquisition-access feeds of 72 h on SCYLP-infected canes collected from the field followed by an inoculation-access period of 15 days on healthy sugarcane seedlings. Symptoms of yellow leaf syndrome developed on 24 out of 36 plants, 7–12 months postinoculation. None of the 36 healthy seedlings that were inoculated with S. saccharivora fed on phytoplasma-free sugarcane developed symptoms. All phytoplasma-positive sugarcane and S. saccharivora samples showed identical RFLP patterns and had 99·89% similarity in their 16S/23S spacer-region sequences, but only 92·6–93·6% similarity with other phytoplasmas. Sequences were deposited with GenBank [accession numbers: 〈accessionId ref="info:ddbj-embl-genbank/AY725237"〉AY725237 (S. saccharivora) and 〈accessionId ref="info:ddbj-embl-genbank/AY257548"〉AY257548 (sugarcane)]. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the phytoplasmas from sugarcane and S. saccharivora are putative members of a new 16Sr phytoplasma group. This is the first report of vector transmission of a phytoplasma associated with sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome and the first time that S. saccharivora has been shown to vector a phytoplasma.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Experiments were conducted in the Guadalquivir Valley of Andalucía, southern Spain, in 1986 and 1987, using field plots naturally infested with different inoculum densities of the defoliating and nondefoliating pathotypes of Verticillium dahliae to determine the influence of verticillium wilt epidemics on yield of cotton cultivar Coker 310. The total number of bolls, the number of open bolls, and seed cotton yield were related to the growth stage of plants at first appearance of foliar symptoms, and to inoculum density and virulence of the V. dahliae pathotype prevailing in the soil. For the three yield components, the greatest reduction was observed in plants showing symptoms before opening of first flowers (about 650 degree-days after sowing). Yield increased with delay in the development of foliar symptoms during the crop season, and the effect of the wilt epidemics on yield was small or nil for plants that developed symptoms after opening of the first bolls (1400–1500 degree-days after sowing). A multiple regression equation was derived that related yield reduction to the physiological time accumulated from the time of sowing until the appearance of foliar symptoms and to the rate of disease intensity increase over physiological time. This multiple point model explained about 70% of the variation in cotton yield loss due to verticillium wilt.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Pseudomonas species causing pith necrosis symptoms on tomato and pepper collected in different areas of Argentina were identified as Pseudomonas corrugata, P. viridiflava and Pseudomonas spp. Their diversity was analysed and compared with reference strains on the basis of their phenotypic characteristics, copper and antibiotic sensitivity tests, serology, pathogenicity, DNA fingerprinting and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a 16S rRNA gene fragment. All P. corrugata strains tested were copper-resistant while P. viridiflava strains were more variable. Numerical analysis of phenotypic data showed that all P. corrugata strains formed a single phenon that clustered at a level of about 93%, while all the P. viridiflava strains clustered in a separated phenon at a level of 94%. Genomic analysis by repetitive (rep)-PCR and 16S rRNA-RFLP fingerprinting and serological analysis showed that the two species contained considerable genetic diversity. Inoculations of tomato and pepper plants with strains from both hosts caused similar pith necrosis symptoms. Strains of both P. corrugata and P. viridiflava were grouped according to their geographical origin and not according to the original host. This is the first report of Pseudomonas viridiflava causing pith necrosis on pepper.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Here, we present evidence that a cysteine protease (EhCP112) and a protein with an adherence domain (EhADH112) form the Entamoeba histolytica 112 kDa adhesin. Immunoelectron microscopy and immunofluorescence assays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbAdh) revealed that, during phagocytosis, the adhesin is translocated from the plasma membrane to phagocytic vacuoles. mAbAdh inhibited 54% adherence, 41% phagocytosis, and 35% and 62% destruction of MDCK cell monolayers by live trophozoites and their extracts respectively. We cloned a 3587 bp DNA fragment (Eh112 ) with two open reading frames (ORFs) separated by a 188 bp non-coding region. The ORF at the 5′ end (Ehcp112 ) encodes a protein with a cysteine protease active site, a transmembranal segment and an RGD motif. The second ORF (Ehadh112 ) encodes a protein recognized by mAbAdh with three putative transmembranal segments and four glycosylation sites. Northern blot, primer extension and Southern blot experiments revealed that Ehcp112 and Ehadh112 are two adjacent genes in DNA. Ehcp112 and Ehadh112 genes were expressed in bacteria. The recombinant peptides presented protease activity and inhibited adherence and phagocytosis, respectively, and both were recognized by mAbAdh. The EhCP112 and EhADH112 peptides could be joined by covalent or strong electrostatic forces, which are not broken during phagocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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