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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic anaerobic degradation of carbohydrates - metabolic properties of microorganisms from the different phases (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 75 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Organisms that might participate in anaerobic, thermophilic degradation of carbohydrates to methane and CO2 and their metabolic properties are shortly reviewed in this paper. More than 20 thermophilic species of classical, fermentative bacteria and of archaebacterial methane bacteria from thermophilic ecosystems have been described and thermophilic acetogenic butyrate- and acetate-degrading consortia have been enriched. As shown for mesophilic degradation thermophilic sulfate reducers might also serve as potential acetogens for the degradation of organic acids and of ethanol in syntrophy with thermophilic methanogens. However, no experimental data are yet available.Pure cultures of thermophilic ‘fermentative’ bacteria can degrade a variety of different sugars and polysaccharides, irrespective of their origin, which was either sewage sludge, soil or a solfataric environment. The sewage sludge organisms Acetomicrobium flavidum and Acetothermus paucivorans fermented glucose via the EMP-pathway to 2 acetate, 2 CO2 and 4 H2. This fermentation stoichiometry is unique for pure cultures and was previously observed only in syntrophic associations of mesophiles with methanogens or sulfate reducers. Generally, the spectrum of metabolites of thermophilic fermentative isolates seems to be more restricted than that of mesophiles. All methanogenic strains were isolated from sludge or wastewater digesters except for the two Methanothermus species and the thermophilic Methanococcus species, which were from volcanic ecosystems. The substrate spectrum and the metabolism of the thermophilic methanogens did not differ from that of mesophilic representatives.In summary the scheme of Bryant [1] is also suitable for the description of the carbon flow during anaerobic carbohydrate degradation by thermophiles. The complexity of intermediates was dependent on the efficiency of interspecies H2-transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04091.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth promoting effect of tungsten on methanogens and incorporation of tungsten-185 into cells (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 40 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The incorporation of radiolabelled tungsten (185W) by a number of methanogens was, with the exception of Methanococcus vannielii, considerably higher during growth on H2/CO2 than during growth on formate. Growth of Methanocorpusculum parvum on H2/CO2 was positively affected by tungsten. Partially purified 63Ni- or 185W-labelled cell extracts of Mcp. parvum revealed 63Ni-labelled F430 and a 185W-labelled cell component. At present no physiological function of this latter compound is known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb01987.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermentation of isoleucine and arginine by pure and syntrophic cultures of Clostridium sporogenes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 38 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fermentation of isoleucine, arginine and isoleucine + arginine by pure and syntrophic cultures of Clostridium sporogenes was investigated. Growth of C. sporogenes on isoleucine, if any, was poor, but some isoleucine was fermented to 2-methylbutyrate and hydrogen. In syntrophic cultures with Methanobacterium formicicum or Methanosarcina barkeri growth was better, and isoleucine was completely fermented, the hydrogen being used for methane production. Pure cultures of C. sporogenes grew on arginine and produced 5-aminovalerate, ornithine and acetate. The reducing equivalents for 5-aminovalerate production from intermediarily formed proline were provided by oxidative conversion of arginine to acetate and by oxidative metabolism of some amino acids present in the yeast extract. However, when isoleucine was available together with arginine in syntrophic cultures of C. sporogenes and M. formicicum, the reducing equivalents for arginine fermentation came mainly from the oxidation of isoleucine (Stickland reaction), and the hydrogen produced in excess served for the reduction of CO2 to methane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01750.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary alcohols as hydrogen donors for CO2-reduction by methanogens (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 44 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Out of 22 methanogens Methanobacterium formicicum, Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H., Methanogenium marisnigri, Methanomicrobium paynteri, Methanocorpusculum parvum and the new coccoid methanogenic isolates GKZPZ and SZSXXZ were found to grow at the expense of 2-propanol and 2-butanol + CO2. 2-Propanol was oxidized to acetone and 2-butanol was converted to 2-butanone during CO2-reduction to methane. Growth was poor compared to that on H2/CO2, and in the presence of both, 2-propanol and H2, molecular hydrogen was the preferred reductant. Acetone, formed during oxidation of 2-propanol in the absence of hydrogen, was reduced again to 2-propanol, when the culture was supplied with H2/CO2. Ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-pentanol and cyclohexanol could not serve as hydrogen donors for methanogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02309.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for covalent bonding of native hapten-protein complexes to smooth lipopolysaccharide of Brucella abortus (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 21 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) of Brucella abortus was dissociated from noncovalently attached components by differential centrifugation and exhaustive treatment with guanidinium thiocyanate. Mild alkaline hydrolysis then released ester-linked fatty acids as well as native hapten (NH)-protein complexes. These complexes, comprising 15 to 20% by weight of the S-LPS, failed to dissociate in guanidinium thiocyanate or in boiling SDS, suggesting covalent attachment. Analyses for 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate demonstrated that the released carbohydrate was NH, rather than degraded O-polysaccharide or intact S-LPS monomers. This provides strong evidence that NH-protein complexes are covalently linked to S-LPS, most likely through ester bonds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb00221.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PASTEURIZATION OF LIQUID-EGG PRODUCTS. (1946)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 11 (1946), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1946.tb16348.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EVAPORATIVE COOLING OF BLANCHED VEGETABLES (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 38 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The parameters involved in a method of evaporative cooling of blanched vegetables prior to freezing were investigated. By use of an x-y plotter, cooling rates were charted under controlled conditions of humidity, temperature and air velocity to determine the optimum cooling possible with minimal usage of water. Results show that air velocity is the critical factor involved. Because conservation of water is of environmental importance, the method has practical applications in many processing plants where water cooling is employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02784.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Properties of Acetoin-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 28 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1963.tb01675.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the Pad-plate Method of Determining Chlortetracycline in Egg White (1961)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 26 (1961), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The sensitivity of the pad-plate method for detecting chlortetracycline in egg white is increased by using pH 4.5 citrate buffer rather than pH 4.5 phosphate buffer as a diluent. It is also increased by allowing about four hours for diffusion of antibiotic prior to incubation of the assay plates. Under these conditions of assay, protein binding of the antibiotic was not an important factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1961.tb00779.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CONTROL OF BACTERIA IN CHICKEN SALAD (1954)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 19 (1954), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1954.tb17477.x
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