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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: To establish the molecular basis of the chromosomal virulence genes of Shigella flexneri 2a (YSH6000), a Notl restriction map of the chromosome was constructed by exploiting Notl-linking clones, partial Notl digestion and DNA probes from various genes of Escherichia coli K-12. The map revealed at least three local differences in the placements of genes between YSH6000 and E. coli K-12. Using the additional Notl sites introduced by Tn5 insertion, nine virulence loci Identified previously by random Tn5 insertions were physically mapped on the chromosome. To demonstrate the versatility of the Notl map in direct assignment of the virulence loci tagged by Tn5 to a known genetic region in E. coli K-12, the major class of avirulent mutants defective in the core structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined for the sites of Tn5 insertions. The two Notl segments created by the Tn5 insertion in the Notl fragment were analysed by Southern blotting with two DNA probes for the 5′ and 3’flanking regions of the rfa region, and shown to hybridize separately with each of them, confirming the sites of Tn5 in the rfa locus. This approach will facilitate direct comparison of genetically mapped Tn5 insertion mutations of S. flexneri with genes physically determined in E. coli K-12.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Shigellae are the causative agents of bacillary dysentery and are capable of invading epithelial cells, multiplying therein and spreading into adjacent cells. To identify genes on the chromosome associated with the virulence phenotype, 9114 independent Tn5 insertion mutants were isolated in a virulent strain of Shigella flexneri. By using an in vitro assay for intercellular spread or an animal infection model, the Serény test, 50 chromosomal Tn5 mutants with reduced virulence were identified. The 50 mutants were characterized with respect to their virulence phenotypes, including three different mutations that affect invasion of epithelial cells, bacterial metabolism and structure of lipopolysaccharide. Mutants with reduced invasive ability were further characterized and it was found that two of them had decreased levels of IpaB, C and D antigens as well as the mRNA for the ipaBCD operon encoded by the large virulence plasmid, suggesting that positive regulatory elements for the IpaBCD operon are encoded by the chromosome. Assignment of the 50 Tn5 insertions of the mutants to the 19 Notl restriction fragments of the chromosomal DNA has permitted the identification of at least nine virulence-associated chromosomal loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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