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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PREDICTION OF REMAINING LIFE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS USING NON-LINEAR FRACTURE MECHANICS (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Procedures developed by Ainsworth and Smith and Webster to assess the remaining life of high temperature engineering components containing cracks are presented and applied to a practical example of a °CrMoV steel pressure vessel operating at 565°C. The general principles of the procedures are similar. Net section creep rupture is described in terms of the reference stress method and creep crack initiation and growth is predicted using the non-linear (creep) fracture mechanics parameter C*. However, the details of each procedure are shown to differ. The main differences lie in the predicted times for net section creep rupture and creep crack initiation. Ainsworth's method predicts shorter creep rupture times than Smith and Webster's procedure. The initiation time using the Smith and Webster procedure is predicted to occur shortly after loading while Ainsworth's estimate is about 40% of the life of the vessel. Both procedures predict similar times for failure by creep crack initiation and crack growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1991.tb00690.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE-CREEP BEHAVIOUR OF SINGLE CRYSTAL SRR90 NICKEL BASE SUPERALLOYS: PART 1—CYCLIC MECHANICAL RESPONSE (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract—High temperature low cycle fatigue tests, with and without strain dwells, were conducted at 750°C, 950°C and 1050°C, on single crystal SRR99 nickel base superalloy, with different crystal orientations. At 750°C, SSR99 exhibited cyclic stability regardless of cycle type. The presence of strain dwells caused cyclic softening at 950°C compared with continuous cycling tests. At 1050°C, cyclic softening was observed for all the tests. The introduction of strain dwells produced significant stress relaxation at 950°C and 1050°C, but not at 750°C for the strain ranges in this study. Significant mean stress was observed at the three temperatures for tests with tensile or compressive strain dwells. The crystal orientation was found to have a dominating influence on the cyclic stress strain relationship and stress relaxation response. A simple approach is developed to correlate the effect of orientation on the cyclic mechanical response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1995.tb01422.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE-CREEP BEHAVIOUR OF SINGLE CRYSTAL SRR99 NICKEL BASE SUPERALLOYS: PART II—FATIGUE-CREEP LIFE BEHAVIOUR (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract—Experimental and theoretical investigations on the influence of temperature, strain dwells and crystal orientation on the high temperature fatigue-creep life behaviour of single crystal SRR99 nickel base superalloy were performed. For a given temperature and loading condition, the longest fatigue life was observed for tests with [001] orientations, while the [111] orientation yielded the shortest fatigue life. A simple approach, using an orientation function f(AhkI), was applied successfully to correlate the influence of orientation. Using this function, the shortest fatigue life was observed for tests with a compressive dwell at 750°C, but at 1050°C tests with a tensile dwell exhibited the shortest life. Compared with continuous cycling tests, tests with tensile dwells showed remarkably longer lives at 750°C, significantly shorter lives at 1050°C, and almost identical lives at 950°C; tests with compressive dwells always exhibited shorter lives than continuous cycling tests at all temperatures. The influence of strain dwells on the life of SRR99 was via the simultaneous effects of mean stress, additional inelastic strain, and time dependent damage. A mean stress modified strain range partitioning method was proposed and used to predict the fatigue-creep life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1995.tb01423.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ELASTIC-PLASTIC BEHAVIOUR AND UNIAXIAL LOW CYCLE FATIGUE LIFE OF NOTCHED SPECIMENS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Experimental and numerical analyses were carried out to examine the elastic-plastic behaviour and low cycle fatigue (LCF) life of EN15R steel notched specimens. Notch root strains were measured and compared with estimates obtained from three methods: Neuber, Glinka and hite element (FE) analyses. All methods provided fairly accurate estimates of cyclic strain up to net section yield, from which point the Neuber and Glinka predictions were greater than measured. The finite element results compared well with measured results. The estimated notch root strains were used to predict the life of the notched specimens based on LCF results from unnotched specimens. Uniaxial Coffom-Manson and multiaxial Lohr-Ellison approaches were used. Improved fatigue life predictions were obtained when the FE predictions of the multiaxial strains were combined with a multiaxial strain parameter. The possible influence of strain gradient is inferred by comparing LCF lives for hollow thin-walled and solid bar specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1995.tb00158.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIGH STRAIN BIAXIAL FATIGUE OF A STRUCTURAL STEEL (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The biaxial fatigue behaviour of two batches of a structural steel, termed isotropic and anisotropic batches, is examined. Tests were carried out using thin-walled hollow specimens subjected to axial load and internal and external pressure. The fatigue life of the isotropic batch is found to be about two to three times greater than the fatigue life of the anisotropic material. The ratio however is found to be dependent on the degree of biaxiality. Three equivalent strain parameters were used to correlate the fatigue lives, octahedral strain, Brown-Miller and Lohr-Ellison parameters. The difference between the theories are compared and the relation between the shear strain orientation and failure is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1994.tb00798.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A STUDY OF SUPERIMPOSED FRACTURE MODES I, II AND III ON PMMA (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A test apparatus has been developed to study the fracture behaviour of engineering materials subjected to superimposed tensile and shear (Mode I and II) loads using a single edge notch specimen. Stress intensity factors were calculated using finite element analysis. Test results for PMMA are reported. Results from circumferentially notched round bar specimens, subjected to combined tension and torsion (Mode I and III) loading are also reported. The Mode I/II results are consistent with the mixed mode fracture response of a wide range of brittle materials, although there is some evidence of non-linear behaviour. The fracture behaviour for superimposed Modes I and III indicates the strong influence of non-linear deformation which causes the mixed mode toughness to be dependent on the sequence and type of loading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1993.tb00082.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RATE-DEPENDENT DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF α-TITANIUM (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Aspects of combined rate-dependent deformation and crack growth in α-titanium at room temperature are examined. Results are presented for tests carried out on pre-cracked three point loaded single edge notch bend and compact tension specimens subjected to constant crack opening displacement rates and constant load. Curves of the ratio of the reference stress to the yield stress as a function of the ratio of the plastic displacement to specimen width are found to be different for different rates. The stress difference between continuously loaded curves and curves obtained from load relaxation tests (“relaxed” curves) is found to be similar to uniaxial results. Earlier uniaxial tests show that the “relaxed” curve represents a boundary below which no further creep takes place. The pre-cracked specimen constant load curves cross the “relaxed” curve, even though the contribution from crack growth to the overall deformation is found to be small. Sustained load crack growth is observed to take place under contained yielding conditions and the sustained load resistance curves are found to be different for different reference stresses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1991.tb00007.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Evolution of an Ozone Process at Littleton Water-Treatment Works (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Ozone is increasingly being considered as a means of improving the organoleptic quality of lowland surface waters, often in conjunction with granular activated carbon. This paper relates the experiences of Bristol Water, who have recently introduced this process at Littleton water-treatment works to resolve long-standing taste and odour problems. It describes the background to the project, and briefly discusses alternative processes considered before choosing ozone.The results of the pilot-plant studies used to assess the effectiveness of the biological process promoted by ozone are reviewed. Performance requirements specified in the contract for the full-scale plant are then outlined, together with a description of the civil works and equipment. Finally, consideration is given to the methods which will be used to evaluate the success of the project.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1990.tb01406.x
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