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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel strategy for the isolation of luxl homologues: evidence for the widespread distribution of a LuxR:Luxl superfamily in enteric bacteria (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 10 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The pheromone N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OHHL) regulates expression of bioluminescence in the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri, the production of carbapenem antibiotic in Erwinia carotovora and exoenzymes in both E. carotovora and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A characteristic feature of this regulatory mechanism in V. fischeri is that it is cell density-dependent, reflecting the need to accumulate sufficient pheromone to trigger the induction of gene expression. Using a lux plasmid-based bioluminescent sensor for OHHL, pheromone production by E. carotovora, Enterobacter agglomerans, Hafnia alvei, Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia marcescens has been demonstrated and shown also to be cell density-dependent. Production of OHHL implies the presence in these bacteria of a gene equivalent to luxl. Chromosomal banks from all five enteric bacteria have yielded clones capable of eliciting OHHL production when expressed in Escherichia coli. The luxl homologue from both E. carotovora (carl) and E. agglomerans (eagl) were characterized at the DNA sequence level and the deduced protein sequences have only 25% identity with the V. fischeri Luxl. Despite this, carl, eagl and luxl are shown to be biologically equivalent. An insertion mutant of eagl demonstrates that this gene is essential for OHHL production in E. agglomerans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00923.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erythropoietin-producing Cells in Transgenic Mice Expressing SV40 Large T Antigen Directed by Erythropoietin Control Sequences (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 718 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb55739.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection against Invasion of the Mouse Pulmonary Epithelium by a Monoclonal IgA Directed against Shigella flexneri Lipopolysaccharide (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 730 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44291.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of meal size on the rate of gastric evacuation of burbot, Lota lota (L.) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 8 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract– The effect of meal size on the gastric evacuation rate of burbot Lota lota (L.), was determined at a constant temperature of 1.5°C. Burbot were fed vendace Coregonus albula (L.), in varying amounts from 1.0% to 12.6% of burbot weight. Although gastric evacuation rate decreased exponentially with increasing meal size, the absolute amount of food evacuated per day (g. day−1 increased when meal size increased. The estimated maximum daily gastric evacuation rates were 0.8, 1.3 and 1.6 g/day with meal sizes 1%, 5% and 10% of burbot weight (200 g). No difference in gastric evacuation rate was observed between meals of the same size (8 g) but which consisted of either one or three vendace.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1999.tb00052.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrenophora japonica occurring on barley in South Africa (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A Pyrenophora teleomorph was recently found on barley stubble in South Africa. Single-ascospore isolates, mated on water agar containing sterile pieces of barley stubble, produced the teleomorph within 12 months of incubation at 15°C in the dark. Based on morphological characteristics and symptom expression on barley plants, the teleomorph is ascribed to P. japonica (anamorph Drechslera tuberosa). This is the first report describing the occurrence of the teleomorph of D. tuberosa in South Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb02707.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contamination and subsequent multiplication of soft rot erwinias on healthy potato leaves and debris after haulm destruction (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Small plots of potatoes were inoculated with a mixture of Erwinia carotovora (E. c.) subsp. carotovora and E. carotovora subsp, atroseptica strains resistant to rifampicin. Subsequently the population off, c. subsp, carotovora and E. c. subsp, atroseptica (rifampicin-resistant and wild types) present as epiphytes on the surface of potato leaves was assessed using three methods, qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative, during 1986 and 1987. The population was generally low (〈 102 colony forming units (〉 104cfu/g leaves) but reached higher levels (〉 104 cfu/g) on occasions later in the growing season, Rifampicin-resistant erwinias were reisolated only infrequently throughout this study. Different methods of haulm destruction (herbicide, pulverization, sulphuric acid treatment and natural senescence) greatly influenced the number of erwinias present in the resulting plant debris. Pulverization resulted in the highest population (106-107 wild-type cfu/g) in both seasons. In 1987. the wettest of the two seasons of this study, herbicide treatment resulted in similarly high populations. The results suggest that the high numbers of erwinias found in the haulm debris were probably derived from the generally low populations of epiphytic bacteria previously present on healthy leaves, E. c. subsp, carotovora was the most frequent subspecies in the rotting plant debris; E. c. subsp, atroseptica was more commonly found on healthy leaves. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to the production of seed potatoes with a low risk of blackleg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb02687.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction of water from Eucalyptus trees for analysis of deuterium and oxygen-18: laboratory and field techniques (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study investigated a methodology for sampling and extracting water from Eucalyptus spp. for analysis of stable isotopes of water. Firstly, water of known isotopic composition was extracted from stems of seedlings of Eucalyptus spp. by azeotropic distillation using three solvents (hexane, toluene and kerosene) in laboratory and glasshouse experiments. Kerosene and toluene gave the most accurate extractions, with a small negative bias (∼-2‰ for δ2H and ∼-0.4‰ for δ18O) due to incomplete extraction. This bias was not evident in further experiments, using kerosene, where water was extracted from stems and roots that had been pre-treated in a manner that more closely reflected field conditions. Secondly, variation in δ2H in trees was investigated in the field to determine an accurate and convenient place for sampling. There was no significant difference in δ2H between water extracted from trunk sapwood and whole twigs, even twigs close to leaves, in samples taken from four Eucalyptus spp. at two field sites. The results mean that the most convenient part of the tree can be sampled. Also, there was little difference in δ2H between sapwood and heart-wood samples, although small increases (∼ 2‰) in δ2H were observed in bark of trunks and twigs. Tree roots (15–25 mm diameter) had similar δ2H values to the surrounding soil in many cases, especially surface (〈0.2 m depth) roots, rather than having δ2H values similar to twigs of the trees. These roots were absorbing water from surrounding soil, but not contributing significant quantities of water to the tree canopy. Thus, the δ2H of root water is not a good indicator of the isotopic composition of water in the upper parts of Eucalyptus trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00869.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on the growth response of Eucalyptus grandis to high CO2 (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 15 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The response of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations was examined by growing seedlings at either 340 or 660 n mol CO2 mol-1 for 6 weeks. Graded increments of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers were added to a soil deficient in these nutrients to establish if the growth response to increasing nutrient availability was affected by CO2 concentration. At 660 μmol CO2 mol-1, seedling dry weight was up to five times greater than at 340 μmol CO2 mol-1. The absolute response was largest when both nitrogen and phosphorus availability was high but the relative increase in dry weight was greatest at low phosphorus availability. At 340 μmol CO2 mol-1 and high nitrogen availability, growth was stimulated by addition of phosphorus up to 76 mg kg 1 soil. Further additions of phosphorus had little effect. However, at 660 μmol CO2 mol-1, growth only began to plateau at a phosphorus addition rate of 920mg kg-1 soil. At 340 μmol CO2 mol-1 and high phosphorus availability, increasing nitrogen from 40 to 160mg kg-1 soil had little effect on plant growth. At high CO2, growth reached a maximum at between 80 and 160mg nitrogen kg-1 soil. Total uptake of phosphorus was greater at high CO2 concentration at all fertilizer addition rates, but nitrogen uptake was either lower or unchanged at high CO2 concentration except at the highest nitrogen fertilizer rate. The shoot to root ratio was increased by CO2 enrichment, primarily because the specific leaf weight was greater. The nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the foliage was lower at elevated CO2 concentration partly because of the higher specific leaf weight. These results indicate that critical foliar concentrations currently used to define nutritional status and fertilizer management may need to be reassessed as the atmospheric CO2 concentration rises.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb02152.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth, dry weight partitioning and wood properties of Pinus radiata D. Don after 2 years of CO2 enrichment (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Advanced selections (families 20010 and 20062) of P. radiata D. Don were exposed to either 340 or 660 μmol CO2 mol 1 for 2 years to establish if growth responses to high CO2 would persist during the development of woody tissues. The experiment was carried out in glasshouses and some of the trees at each CO2 concentration were subjected to phosphorus deficiency and to periodic drought. CO2 enrichment increased whole-plant dry matter production irrespective of water availability, but only when phosphorus supply was adequate. The greatest increase occurred during the exponential period of growth and appeared to be tied to increased rates of photosynthesis, which caused accelerated production of leaf area. The increase in whole-plant dry matter production was similar for both families; however, family 20010 partitioned larger amounts of dry weight to the trunks than family 20062. which favoured the roots and branches. Wood density was generally increased by elevated CO2 and for family 20010 this increase was due to thickening of the tracheid walls. Tracheid length was similar at both CO2 levels but differed between families. These results suggest that, as the atmospheric CO2 concentration rises, field-grown P. radiata should produce more dry weight at sites where phosphorus is not acutely deficient, even where drought limits growth; however, increases in wood production are likely only for genotypes which continue to partition at least the same proportion of dry weight to wood in the trunk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb02136.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HEPATIC UPTAKE AND TRANSFER INTO BILE OF POLYMERIC IgA, ANTI-SECRETORY COMPONENT IgG, HAPTOGLOBIN-HEMOGLOBIN COMPLEX, GALACTOSYLATED SERUM ALBUMIN, AND HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE: A COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL STUDY IN THE RAT (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 409 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb26944.x
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