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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON STEJNEGER'S BEAKED WHALE, MESOPLODON STEJNEGERI, FROM STRANDINGS ON ADAK ISLAND, ALASKA (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 15 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00893.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BOOTSTRAP CORRECTION FOR DIURNAL ACTIVITY CYCLE IN CENSUS DATA FOR ANTARCTIC SEALS (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 5 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Antarctic phocid seals and particularly the crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) have been observed to display a diurnal cycle in their propensity to haul out on pack ice where they are visible for census. The fact that they are not visible for much of the 24-h period means that density estimates made over broad geographic areas at various times of the day statistically confound this cycle with geographic variability. Limitation of census observations to times of peak haulout results in extreme logistical difficulties and/or considerable reduction in sample size upon which to base population estimates. Reduced sample size results in high variability in population estimates and broad confidence bands. To develop a model with which to correct density estimates for variability due to diurnal cycle, a series of stationary censuses at fixed locations in the Antarctic continental ice pack was made over significant fractions of several days. A unimodal polynomial model for the observed density variation in any one location was statistically significant; a similar model combining multiple locations with densities standardized to peak daily values was also significant. The latter model was used to make corrections for time of day to density estimates in three test data sets taken over broad geographic areas of the Antarctic. Statistical simulation (bootstrap) methods were used to determine if variances of corrected density estimates were lower than those based on uncorrected observations taken only during the peak haulout times of the day. Results were that 95% interval estimates for corrected densities were narrowed to between 40% and 61% of the uncorrected estimates. While there are additional possible sources of variation in haulout tendency, pending further data collection and analyses, the model developed represents a considerably more precise methodology than either averaging over haulout variability or limiting observations to peak daily periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1989.tb00212.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Two Integrated Methods for the Collection and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ground Water (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 13 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The principal difficulties with determinations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ground water are the reliability of sampling procedures and analytical methods. Two integrated methods have been developed for routine sampling, processing, and analysis of VOCs in ground water. These methods involve in situ collection of ground water using a modified syringe sampler from PVC piezometers or using dedicated glass syringes from stainless steel multilevel bores. The samples are processed in the syringe using purge and trap or microsolvent extraction and analyzed by GC/MSD.The modified purge-and-trap method is time-consuming and limited to volatile organic compounds. However, it is extremely sensitive and flexible: the volume of sample used can be varied by the use of different-size glass syringes (sample volumes from 1 to 100 mL).In cases where extremely low sensitivity (〈10 mg 1−1) is not critical, the microextraction technique is a more cost-effective method, allowing twice as many samples to be analyzed in the same time as the purge-and-trap method. It enables less volatile compounds such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol, and cresols to be analyzed in the same GC run. Also, the microextraction method can be used in the field to avoid delays associated with transportation of ground water samples to the laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.1993.tb00080.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOIL CONSERVATION PRACTICES AND WATER QUALITY: IS EROSION CONTROL THE ANSWER? (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 23 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : This paper is a computer simulation analysis of an agricultural nonpoint pollution problem. Computer modeling is a universally applicable tool that can be used for establishing the linkages between and the quality of agricultural runoff in both surface and subsurface flow. The tradeoffs between the costs of soil conservation practices and water quality are reported, and the economic implications of such tradeoffs are discussed. Soil and nutrient losses resulting from crop production practices are analyzed using a field-scale computer simulation model (CREAMS). No-till planting, reduced tillage, and sod waterway systems are more cost effective than other practices for controlling soil and nutrient runoff losses. Nitrate leaching losses are increased slightly by most soil conservation practices. Terrace systems and permanent vegetative cover impose the greatest societal cost for water quality protection. Public cost sharing and tax incentives encourage farmers to adopt expensive structural practices, and policies are needed to get cost-effective practices implemented on critical acreage. Extensive treatment of land is necessary for agricultural best management practices (BMPs) to significantly improve water quality in areas that are intensively farmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1987.tb02968.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of a Numerical Model for Management of Shallow Ground-Water Levels in the Yuma, Arizona Area (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 34 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The Yuma area has experienced agricultural development since the late 1890s and ground-water levels have risen over 70 feet due to recharge from heavy application of irrigation water, unlined canals and flooding along the Colorado and Gila Rivers. The resulting shallow water levels have seriously impacted residential areas and prime agricultural land.The Arizona Department of Water Resources in conjunction with Yuma County Flood Control District developed a regional three-dimensional ground-water flow model of the Yuma area. The purpose of the model is to assist local agencies in evaluating remedial water management alternatives to mitigate the shallow ground-water level problems.The model domain incorporates over 900 mi2 of Arizona, California, and Mexico and simulates ground-water pumpage, deep percolation from agricultural irrigation, evapotranspiration from phreatophytes and flow in 12 canals, 16 drains, and the Colorado and Gila Rivers. The model contains four layers with over 30,000 model cells ranging in size from 40 acres to 640 acres.Different model scenario simulations were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed water management alternatives on lowering ground-water levels within the northern portion of Yuma Valley. These scenarios include lining a portion of the East Main canal and pumping two drainage wells, lining the All-American canal, and simulating a decrease in deep percolation from agricultural irrigation on the Yuma Mesa and northern portion of Yuma Valley.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02020.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfate-reducing bacterium grows with Cr(VI), U(VI), Mn(IV), and Fe(III) as electron acceptors (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 162 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A spore-forming sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum reducens sp. nov. strain MI-1 has been isolated from heavy metal contaminated sediments. Strain MI-1 grows with Cr(VI), Mn(IV), Fe(III), and U(VI), in addition to various sulfur compounds, as electron acceptors. This organism shares physiological properties with both the sulfate-reducing and metal-reducing groups of bacteria and is the first sulfate-reducing bacterium described that can grow with metals or U(VI) as sole electron acceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12998.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diet of the leeches Erpobdella octoculata (L) and Helobdella stagnalis (L) in a lotic habitat subject to organic pollution (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 18 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY 1. A study of the diet of E. octoculata (L) and H. stagnalis (L) using a serological technique was carried out in a lot ic habitat subject to organic pollution and seasonal sewage fungus growth.2. The results indicate that E. octoculata consumed predominantly Chironomidae and Oligochaeta, while H. stagttalis had a less pronounced prey preference, consuming rather similar proportions of chironomids, oligochaetes, Asellus and gastropod snails.3. At enriched sites, E. ocioculata consumed relatively more chironomids and fewer oligochaetes, while H. stagnalis took more gastropods and fewer chironomids.4. Seasonal differences were noted in the diet of both leeches with chironomids predominating chiefly from April to August, and molluscs, oligochaetes and Asellus at other times of the year. Intra-specific differences (on a weight-age basis) were only seen for E. octoculata, small forms consuming chiefly oligochaetes and larger ones concentrating on chironomids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1987.tb01313.x
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