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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 25 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Observations of adult Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.), behaviour in cages were made with underwater camera and video recording equipment. Significantly more fish (P 〈 0·01) were found on the cage bottom than in the water column, fish tending to congregate around the outside rather than in the centre of the cage. During rough weather, the cage bottom was observed to heave violently and proportionately fewer fish remained on the bottom, those which did adopting an arched body posture with heads and tails not in contact with the cage bottom. Around 25% of the caged fish were active at any time, most of the active fish remaining close to the cage surface or bottom, with little use being made of the remaining cage volume. Fish were observed to swim in a circular pattern close to the cage walls (mean velocity 0·53 m/s), maintaining such behaviour for periods of up to 5min with little change in swimming speed. Whilst all food types were ingested, items delivered directly lo the cage bottom were taken only if detected within the first minute or so. The implications for rearing Atlantic halibut in conventional cages are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cruzipain, the major cysteine proteinase from Trypanosoma cruzi, has a 130 amino acid-long C-terminal domain, which, although microheterogeneous in SDS-PAGE, has a single N-terminal amino acid sequence. Most of the Thr residues present at the beginning of this sequence are modified; the nature of this modification is still unknown, but O-glycosylation and phosphorylation seem both to be absent. The only potential site for N-glycosylation (Asn 254) is glycosylated in vivo. Most of the eight Cys residues are involved in disulfide bridges. The results are consistent with cruzipain being made of two well-defined domains, a catalytic one with high homology to cathepsin L, and a C-terminal domain, linked to the former by a ‘hinge’ corresponding to the Pro-and Thr-rich region at its N-terminus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 62 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A method proposed for estimating the rate of bacterial mortality in aquatic environments consists in following the disappearance of radioactive tracer from the macromolecular fraction of 3H-thymidine labeled natural assemblages of bacteria. The data presented in this paper offer a further technical validation of this procedure. Application of the method to North and Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, rivers and lakes yields first order mortality constant in the range 0.008–0.06 h−1. Mortality due to grazing by protozoans retained by 2 μm filtration range from 20 to 90% of the mortality detected by the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 43 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The possible use of microorganisms which yield substantial levels of hydrogen peroxide in treatments for decolorization of a natural pigment (malvidin-3,5-diglucoside) was studied. Streptococcus durans S-76 was able to oxidize about 38% malvin implicating biogenic hydrogen peroxide in a buffered solution. Malvin by-products and the coumarinic derivative have identical properties and high-performance liquid chromatographic patterns.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the development of an intermediate moisture banana product, it was found that ripe banana halves dehydrated to a moisture content of about 30%, following blanching and/or sulfiting, are remarkably astringent. In order to understand the cause of this phenomenon, total phenolics, leucoanthocyanins and vanillin-reacting compounds were determined and found to be more extractable in astringent semidried bananas. Light microscopy observations showed that both blanching and sulfiting contribute to the leakage of tannin-like compounds from the latex cells. Overall results conform with a mechanism by which appearance of astringency in semidried banana is due to diffusion of the astringency-causing agents from the latex cells to the surrounding tissue.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 713 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 2 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Monolayers of mouse peritoneal macrophages actively incorporated 14C-labelled uridine, an RNA precursor. This uptake did not seem to be due to in vitro activation or stimulation of the cells but rather to their high RNA metabolic activity. 14C-uridine uptake by the unstimulated adherent cells was a characteristic property of macrophages, because it was not reduced when the cells were (i) pretreated with trypsin (to detach remaining lymphocytes), (ii) precultured for several days (to allow PMN to die off) and (iii) pretreated with anti-mouse immunoglobulin or anti-θ serum plus complement.Pretreatment of macrophage monolayers with antibody plus complement, followed by a measurement of their 14C-uridine uptake could be used to test for anti-macrophage activity, for instance in certain anti-B cell or anti-T cell sera, or to detect cell surface antigens on macrophages. With this technique we demonstrated the presence of H-2 and Ia alloantigens on peritoneal macrophages. The presence of Ia antigens on macrophages may be of particular biological significance.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 16 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of pig slurry applications to a hydrologically isolated field treatment plant (at Solepur) were studied over a period of eight years. Thirty repeated doses, averaging 160 m3 ha−1 were applied from April to October of each year (1991–1995), to reach a total application of 4930 m3 ha−1. All slurry samples were analysed for their total solids (TS), macronutrient (C, N, P, K, Ca) and micronutrient (Cu, Zn) content. In total, 284 tonnes of total solids (57 t TS ha−1 yr−1), 115 tonnes of carbon (23 t C ha−1yr−1), 24.5 tonnes of nitrogen (4900 kg N ha−1 yr−1), 7964 kg of phosphorus (1593 kg P ha−1 yr−1), 16 518 kg of potassium (3304 kg K ha−1 yr−1), 183 kg copper (37 kg Cu ha−1 yr−1) and 266 kg zinc (53 kg Zn ha−1 yr−1) were applied to the soil. Thus, this site provides an opportunity to assess the balance and to examine the long-term behaviour of nutrients under conditions of intensive land application of pig slurries or similar effluents.The main nutrient fluxes through the soil-water system were determined for each element. Over 40% of the total carbon applied was retained by the soil. About 25% of the slurry nitrogen applied remained in the soil profile and 12.5% was leached through the drainage water as nitrate. Most of the slurry phosphorus applied was retained in the soil profile either as P-Dyer extractable (83%), or as total soil phosphorus (112%); 〈0.01% was found in the drainage water. Forty-three per cent of the potassium applied in the slurry was recovered from the soil profile and 15% was recovered in the drainage water. Most of the copper (62%) and zinc (74%) applied in the slurry remained in the soil as EDTA extractractable forms; very low percentages (0.05% and 0.6% respectively) were found in the drainage water.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loelf.) is a sunflower parasite which has become a potential threat to this crop in Spam with an increasing incidence in recent last years. In order to investigate the racial situation of the parasite in Spam and to evaluate the resistance of differentials and inbred lines currently used in breeding programmes, two experiments were carried out. In the first, two sets of European sunflower differentials were inoculated with three broomrape populations from different geographical origin. The second experiment studied the reaction to the parasite of 38 inbred lines in comparison with resistant and susceptible checks. Reactions of differential lines resistant to known European broomrape races ranged from complete immunity of lines P-1380-2A and ‘Jdanovski 8281’ to complete susceptibility of ‘Record’ and the universal suscepts. These results confirmed the existence of several physiological races of broomrape in Spain and a different racial composition from that of Eastern Europe. Results from the second experiment showed good resistance of half the restorer lines tested and 36 % of the maintainers and cms lines. This material together with the resistant differential lines constitutes good starting material to be used in developing cultivars resistant to broomrape populations in Spain.
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