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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NOVEL HLA-DR2-RELATED HAPLOTYPES IN HONG KONG CHINESE IMPLICATE THE DQB1*0602 ALLELE IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is strongly associated with the HLA-Dw2 haplotype DRw15.DQw6 in Caucasoids, although the relative contributions of DR and DQ loci to disease susceptibility are unknown. The situation is further complicated by the apparent lack of an association between DR2 and MS in Orientals. This study examined 42 DR2-positive chromosomes in healthy Chinese and 12 DR2-positive chromosomes in MS patients from Hong Kong, using oligonucleotide hybridizations of DQA1, DQB1, DRB1, and DRB5 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. There was marked heterogeneity in DR2-related haplotypes in controls (ten types), where the most frequent haplotype, confirmed in one family, involved the novel arrangement DRB1*1501, DQB1*0601. Another common haplotype had the unusual combination of DRB1*1602, DRB5*0101 as confirmed by DNA sequencing of the DRB5 allele. In contrast, the most common DR2-related haplotype in MS patients was the ‘classical’ Dw2 haplotype DRB1*1501, DQB*0602, with a frequency of 50% compared with 12% in controls (P= 0.01). Novel DR, DO linkage disequilibrium relationship in Hong Kong Chinese have permitted recognition of DQB1*0602 as a susceptibility allele in DR2-positive MS patients, although a role for the DRB1*1501 allele in MS pathogenesis has not been excluded by this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1992.tb00043.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TWELVE HLA-DR6-RELATED DRB1 ALLELES AND ASSOCIATED DR, DQ HAPLOTYPES IN TRADITIONAL AUSTRALIANS AND OTHER POPULATIONS OF ASIA-OCEANIA (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The relative distributions of 12 HLA-DR6-related HLA-DRB1 alleles in indigenous populations of Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, Micronesia, and northern and southern China have been determined by analysis of nucleotide sequence polymorphisms in 364 examples of HLA-DR6 positive chromosomes. Oligonucleotide hybridizations of polymerase chain reaction products of HLA-DQA1, DQB1, DRB1 and DRB3 genes generated 24 HLA-DR6-related haplotypes. The study aimed to determine the regional distribution of DR DQ haplotypes associated with three novel HLA-DR6 alleles, namely DRB1*1408, 1409, and 1410, known to occur in Australian Aborigines, to gain further insights into the molecular phylogeny of these alleles. DRB1*1408 was the most common HLA-DR6 subtype in Oceania, although it was not detected in Chinese. In Australian Aborigines and Papua New Guinean highlanders, DRB1*1408 was associated with DRB3*0202, while in Polynesians and Micronesians it was associated with DRB3*0101. The different haplotype arrangements, together with the near absence of DRB1*1408 in coastal Melanesians, suggest the possibility that two independent mutations have generated DRB1*1408 in Australia and Oceania. DRB1*1409 and 1410 alleles were confined to Australian Aborigines, while DRB1*1407 was found exclusively in Melanesians; DRB1*1401 was the only HLA-DR6 allele represented in all study populations. The population-specific HLA-DR6 alleles and haplotypes have important implications for unrelated bonemarrow donor registries in Australia and Oceania.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1992.tb00069.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanically Recovered Neck Bone Lean and Ascorbic Acid Improve Color Stability of Ground Beef Patties (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ground beef patties at two ascorbic acid (Asc) levels (0 and 1,000 ppm) and three mechanically recovered neck bone lean (MRNL) levels (0, 15 and 30%) were analyzed for percentage surface metmyoglobin (metMb) and HunterLab L* and a* values over 6 days of retail display. Data were collected for two replications. Patties made with Asc had less (P 〈 0.01) surface metMb than patties made without Asc on days 1-4 of retail display. Ascorbic acid and MRNL acted synergistically to improve surface color. Patties made with Asc showed a linear decrease (P 〈 0.05) in surface metMb as MRNL level increased from 0 to 30%. Patties made without Asc showed no change in surface metMb as MRNL level increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb13180.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beef Marbling and Color Score Determination by Image Processing (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sixty steaks with various degrees of marbling and color were subjected to sensory evaluation and image processing. Marbling and color scores were assigned to each steak with USDA marbling score cards and a lean color guide. Images were recorded for each steak under the same conditions as used for sensory analysis. Steak images were processed for color and marbling characteristics. Image processing effectively predicted the lean color (R2= 0.86) and marbling scores (R2= 0.84). Image processing was an effective tool for determining USDA quality attributes of fresh meat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb14745.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extrudate Characterization by Image Processing (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 59 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Image processing techniques were used to characterize an extruded food product. Several image features in color and surface texture were developed and tested for their effectiveness to reflect changes in product appearance resulting from variations in extrusion conditions. The effects of process variables were related to the image features. Hue function conveyed more information about surface texture than did saturation or intensity functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb14687.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    APPLICATION OF FUZZY SETS AND NEURAL NETWORKS IN SENSORY ANALYSIS (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of sensory studies 14 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-459X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes an initial but fundamental attempt to lay some groundwork for a fuzzy-set-based paradigm for sensory analysis and to demonstrate how fuzzy set and neural network techniques may lead to a natural way for sensory data interpretation. Sensory scales are described as fuzzy sets, sensory attributes as fuzzy variables, and sensory responses as sample membership grades. Multi-judge responses are formulated as a fuzzy membership vector or fuzzy histogram of response, which gives an overall panel response free of the unverifiable assumptions implied in conventional approaches. Neural networks are used to provide an effective tool for modeling and analysis of sensory responses in their naturally fuzzy and complex forms. A maximum method of defuzzification is proposed to give a crisp grade of the majority opinion. Two applications in meat quality evaluation are used to demonstrate the use of the paradigm and procedure. It is hoped that this work will bring up some new ideas and generate interest in research on application of fuzzy sets and neural networks in sensory analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-459X.1999.tb00108.x
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