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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Most probable number enumeration of H2-utilizing acetogenic bacteria from the digestive tract of animals and man (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 130 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A method is proposed that allows the enrichment and most probable number estimation of H2/CO2-utilizing acetogenic bacteria. It is based on the difference in acetate production for serial dilutions incubated under either a test H2/CO2 (4:1), or a control N2/CO2 (4:1) headspace atmosphere. A nutritionally non-selective medium was used, containing bromoethane-sulfonic acid as inhibitor of methanogenic archaea and 10% pre-incubated clarified rumen fluid. Acetogenic bacteria were enumerated in rumen and hindgut contents of animals and in human feces. They ranged from below 102 to above 108 per gram wet weight gut content and their population levels were the highest in the absence of methanogenesis. The method described therein should prove useful to better understand the diversity and ecological importance of dominant gut acetogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07690.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of hydrogen-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of the newborn lamb (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 117 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development of hydrogenotrophic bacteria in the rumen of lambs was investigated by culture and labeling experiments. 14CO2 and 13CO2 incorporation by the rumen microflora of a 24-h-old lamb showed that while there was no labeled methane, double-labeled acetate was formed indicating the presence of hydrogen-dependent acetogenesis. In vitro counts from rumen fluid of 20-h-old lambs confirmed an extensive colonization of acetogenic bacteria while methanogens were absent. Methanogens appeared in the rumen of 30-h-old lambs, and as they developed there was a proportional decrease in the numbers of acetogens, indicating a competition for hydrogen between these two groups. Hydrogen-utilizing sulfate-reducing bacteria, which were established by the 3rd day after birth, did not seem to be affected by this competition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06775.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CONDITIONING OF IMMUNOLOGICALLY COMPETENT CELLS BY INCUBATION AT 37°C (1966)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 129 (1966), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb12864.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescent hybridisation combined with flow cytometry and hybridisation of total RNA to analyse the composition of microbial communities in human faeces using 16S rRNA probes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To determine the structure of human faecal microbiota, faecal samples from 23 healthy individuals were analysed with a similar set of probes targeting six phylogenetic groups using rRNA dot-blot hybridisation and whole cell fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) combined with flow cytometry. When microbiota compositions derived by each method were compared, the results were not statistically different for Clostridium coccoides, Fusobacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterobacteria. Conversely, the proportions were significantly different for Bacteroides and Atopobium (P〈0.05). The metabolic state of these bacteria within the colon could explain the discrepancy observed between the rRNA level and the actual cell proportion. However, both approaches supplied consistent and complementary information on the structure of the faecal microbiota. FISH combined with flow cytometry appears best suited to future high throughput analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01063.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery and phylogenetic analysis of archaeal rRNA sequences from continental shelf sediments (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 161 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phylogenetic analyses of archaeal 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) from DNA extracted from continental shelf sediments revealed the presence of two major lineages, belonging to the kingdoms Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, respectively. Our analyses indicate that the benthic Archaea belong to a new group, divergent from the marine low-temperature planktonic Archaea. This is the first report showing the existence of Archaea, unrelated to methanogens, specifically associated with low-temperature anoxic marine sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12932.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal net carbon dioxide exchange of a beech forest with the atmosphere (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Global change biology 2 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The seasonal carbon dioxide exchange of a beech forest of Central Italy was studied by means of the eddy covariance technique. Additional measurements of biomass respiration with cuvettes and relationship of carbon dioxide exchanges with temperature and light were used to interpolate missing data during the dormant and part of the growing season.The net ecosystem production of the forest equals 472 g C m−2 y−1 while the gross ecosystem production 1016 g C m−2 y−1 and respiration 544 g C m−2 y−1. These estimates are compared with the net primary production determined by direct biomass sampling which amounts to 802 g C m−2 y−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00072.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting glyphosate activity in Imperata cylindrica (L) Beau, and Cyperus votundus L. I. Effect of soil moisture (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 19 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Established Greenhouse grown plants of cogongrass Imperata cylindrica (L) Beauv.) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.) were given three different soil moisture regimes; field capacity, moderate stress and extreme stress, followed 6 weeks later by glyphosate [(N-phosphonomeihyl) glydne] applications to the shoots at 0.2,0.4 and 0.8 kg/ha for Imperata and 0.3,0.6 and 1.12 kg/ha for Cyperus. Field capacity watering stimulated most vegetative growth in hoth species. Glyphosate given at field capacity decreased shoot dry weight in both species, and rhizome length, rhizome dry weight and total carbohydrate in Imperata and total number of tuber-bulbs in Cyperus. In contrast. at extreme soil moisture stress, glyphosate showed reduced activity which appeared to be related to the physiological and morphological behaviour of the plants arising from the drought trealment. Application of waier to the roots of the plants grown at soil moisture stress. I week before and I week afler glypbosate spraying, enhanced glyphosate activity, probably because of the recovery of processes disturbed by ibe soil moisture deficit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1979.tb01586.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of a new hydrogen-utilizing bacterium from the rumen (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 125 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new H2 CO2-utilizing acetogenic bacterium was isolated from the rumen of a mature deer. This is the first report of a spore-forming Gram-negative bacterial species from the rumen. The organism was a strictly anaerobic, motile rod and was able to grow autotrophically on hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Acetate was the major product detected. Glucose, fructose and lactate were also fermented heterotrophically. The optimum pH for growth was 7.0–7.5, and the optimum temperature was 37–42 °C. Yeast extract was required for growth and rumen fluid was highly stimulatory. The DNA base ratio was 52.9 ± 0.5 mol% G + C. On the basis of these characteristics and fermentation products, the isolate was considered to be different from acetogenic bacteria described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07338.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interrelations between populations of methanogenic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the human colon (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 98 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In humans, CH4 is produced in the colon by methanogenic archaea and is detected in breath samples from approximately 50% of healthy adults, identified as CH4-excretors. Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction have been described as two mutually exclusive processes, potentially regulated by sulfate reduction have been described as two mutually exclusive processes, potentially regulated by sulfate availability. To determine whether microbial population balances reflected these apparently co-regulated activities, we compared sulfate-reducing bacteria, methanogenic archaea, sulfate and sulfide concentrations in faeces of 10 CH4-excretors (CH4+) and 9 non-CH4-excretors (CH4−). The mean ±SE of the logarithm of methanogenic archaea per gram wet weight were 9.0 ± 0.2 and 4.0 ± 0.7 for CH4+ and CH4−, respectively (P 〈 0.001). Sulfate-reducing bacterial counts were 6.5 ± 0.1 and 7.3 ± 0.2, respectively (P 〈 0.001). Fecal sulfate and sulfide concentrations did not differ between groups. These results suggest that a competitive interrelation between methanogenic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria occurs in the human colon. However, it does not lead to a complete exclusion of the two populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05518.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Gynogenetic Plants of Onion (Allium cepa L.) after Crossing with Irradiated Pollen (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 111 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The possibility of producing gynogenetic plants with pollen inactivated by irradiation was explored for the onion (Allium cepa L.). Two successive experiments included the use of cytoplasmic male sterility, recessive nuclear markers in the female plants and pollen irradiation of 150 Gy. Pollinations were achieved with the aid of flies and all seeds were harvested without the use of embryo rescue. Plantlets with recessive characters could be detected and they contained haploid and diploid cells. The development of these plantlets until flowering was observed under agronomic conditions. The use of doubled haploid (DH) plants in onion breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00620.x
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