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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strawberry Fruit Softening: The Potential Roles of Polyuronides and Hemicelluloses (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 49 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polyuronides and hemicelluloses derived from ethanol powders or cell walls of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa, Duch. Dover) receptacle tissue were examined to determine if these wall polymers might be involved in the softening of this fruit. Throughout maturation and ripening, total polyuronides increased on a per fruit basis although as a percentage of ethanol powder they remained constant. Gel-filtration chromatography confirmed that polyuronide solubility was not correlated with extensive enzymic hydrolysis, an observation consistent with the fact that D-galacturonanase (polygalacturonase) activity was not detected in strawberry fruit. The sugar composition of alkali-soluble wall polymers showed little change throughout development. However, changes occurred in the molecular weights of these polymers during ripening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1984.tb14976.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of matrix polysaccharides during avocado (Persea americana) fruit ripening: an assessment of the role of Cx-cellulase (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 86 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The role of Cx-cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4) in fruit ripening and softening is unknown. In the present study, avocado (Persea americana) fruit, a rich source of Cx-cellulase, were examined to determine if the enzyme plays a role in ripening-related hemicellulose metabolism. Hemicelluloses (4 M alkali-soluble) from avocado fruit exhibited a very broad distribution of polymer sizes and an overall decrease in Mr during ripening. Polymers affected were primarily those of large Mr (relative molecular mass). The characteristic total hemicellulose Mr distribution and changes with ripening were also evident for xyloglucan (XG), a putative substrate for avocado Cx-cellulase. Hydrolytic activity toward hemicelluloses from preripe fruit was detected in crude buffer-soluble protein extracts derived from ripe avocado mesocarp tissue. XG was also degraded, and in a pattern similar to that observed during ripening. Purified Cx-cellulase also exhibited activity against specific components of isolated hemicelluloses; however, in contrast to the crude protein. Cx-cellulase alone was without influence on the Mr distribution of avocado XG. Protein depleted of Cx-cellulase was capable of moderate XG depolymerization. We conclude from the present studies that the enzyme Cx-cellulase is not involved in the ripening-related depolymerization of XG in avocado fruit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb01308.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell wall changes during the expansion and senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) petals (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 78 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. ev. White Sim) petals coincided with a decrease on a per flower basis in the yield of cell wall and ethanol-insoluble solids. The decrease in cell wall yield per flower was due largely to a loss of neutral sugars, primarily galactose (45%) and arabinose (23%). On a per flower basis, water-and chelator-soluble pectins increased throughout development, comprising in senescent petals 18 and 58%, respectively, of total pectin. Alkali-soluble pectins ranged from 35 to 45% of the total pectin and decreased during senescence. Gel chromatography of chelator- and alkali-soluble pectins revealed no change in molecular size and polygalacturonase activity was not detected. Large-molecular-size hemicelluloses decreased during development, an observation reminiscent of the changes affecting hemicelluloses during the ripening of a number of fruit types. Compositional analysis of the large hemicellulosic polymers revealed a decrease in xylose and galactose content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb09062.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid Labeling in Normal and Nitrogen-Deficient Squash (Cucurbita maxima) Leaves (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 40 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) plants were grown on normal and on nitrogen-deficient nutrients. The degrees of label incorporation into chloroplast lipids as well as non-chloroplast lipids were determined. Nitrogen-deficient tissues contain less chlorophyll, have a decreased chlorophyll a/b ratio, incorporate more label into phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine than into the chloroplast lipids such as mono- and digalactosyl diglycerides, have a reduced capacity to incorporate the hexose moieties into the glycolipids but normal capacity to incorporate bases into the phospholipids of non-chloroplast constituents, and have a normal level of total fatty acids even though the level of linolenate is decreased. All of this would suggest that the most evident changes in membrane lipid constituents during nitrogen-deficiency occur as changes in the chloroplast lipid constituents as opposed to the non-chloroplast lipid constituents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04048.x
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