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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of phosphate on the motility of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 79 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When Rhodobacter sphaeroides was resuspended in sodium phosphate buffer directly after growth on complete medium there was an almost complete loss of motility. The addition of 1 mM sodium phosphate to R. sphaeroides suspended in Hepes buffer also caused an immediate reduction in the mean swimming speed of 35%; an effect that was maintained for more than 60 min. This loss of motility was prevented by the inclusion of succinate in the resuspension medium. Addition of phosphate in the absence of succinate also increased the membrane potential by up to 35% and decreased the rate of respiration by 25%. These effects were reversed in the presence of succinate, phosphate addition decreased the membrane potential by up to 7% and increased the rate of respiration by 23%. These data show that the effect of phosphate buffer on R. sphaeroides is highly complex and its inhibition of motility is probably an indirect effect. The use of phosphate buffer in many physiological experiments may have unexpected side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04493.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reverse Genetic Approaches to Cloning Deafness Genes (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 630 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb19578.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nosological Tunnel Vision in Biological Psychiatry (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 600 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb16905.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Hyperthermophilic Archaebacterium, Pyrococcus furiosus (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 589 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb24254.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon Isotope Fractionation of PCE and TCE During Dechlorination by Vitamin B12 (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 23 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Reductive dechlorination of perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) by vitamin B12 is an analogue of the microbial reductive dechlorination reaction and is presently being applied as a remediation technique. Stable carbon isotopic analysis, an effective and powerful tool for the investigation and monitoring of contaminant remediation, was used to characterize the isotopic effects of reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE by vitamin B12 in laboratory microcosms. In laboratory experiments, 10 mg/L vitamin B12 degraded 〉90% of the initial 20 mg/L PCE with TCE, the primary product of PCE degradation, accounting for between 64% and 72% of the PCE degraded. In experiments with TCE, 147 mg/L vitamin B12 degraded 〉90% of the initial 20 mg/L TCE with cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), the primary product of degradation accounting for between 30% and 35% of the TCE degraded. Degradation of both PCE and TCE exhibited first-order kinetics. Strong isotopic fractionation of the reactant PCE and of the reactant TCE was observed over the course of degradation. This fractionation could be described with a Rayleigh model using enrichment factors of −16.5%o and −15.8%o for PCE, and −17.2%o and −16.6%o for TCE. Fractionation was similar in all experiments, with a mean enrichment factor of −16.5%o ± 0.6%o. The occurrence of such large enrichment factors indicates that isotopic analysis can be used to monitor the dechlorination of PCE and TCE by vitamin B12 and remediation of ground water plumes. Evidence indicates that isotopic fractionation is taking place during complexation of the chlorinated ethenes to vitamin B12, as has been suggested for reductive dechlorination by zero valent iron. The differences between e values for this reaction and those observed for anaerobic biodegradation of the chlorinated ethenes suggest that there may be differences in the rate-determining step for these two processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2003.tb00695.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction to Identify Pasteurella granulomatis from Cattle (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 791 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb53542.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ApoE2 Allele, Down's Syndrome, and Dementia (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 777 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: All individuals with Down's syndrome (trisomy 21-DS) develop the pathogenic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease in old age (+40 years).1-4 The extent of pathology is variable, but it has been shown that the amount of β-amyloid pathology is variable and related to age and the degree of dementia.3 Thus, in DS, growing old is associated with a progressive pathological process which results in cognitive decline. However, neuropsychological studies of older DS subjects have identified a clinical dementia in only a proportion of cases.1-4These contradictory observations could be reconciled if some factor existed which modulated the rate and amount of β-amyloid pathology. Recent studies demonstrate an association between the apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) allele and the earlier age of onset in both sporadic8-9 and familial10 AD. Increased amounts of βamyloid pathology can also be related to the E4 allele. However, at present there are no data documenting the effects of ApoE genotype on the expression or degree of clinical symptoms of the disease. We have examined the ApoE genotype in a cohort of clinically evaluated elderly patients with DS in order to examine the effects of ApoE genotype on the clinical symptoms of dementia. We report here that, despite the presence of an active disease process, the ApoE E2 allele is associated with longevity and preservation of cognitive functioning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb34428.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA sequence analysis shows that the symbionts in the ciliate Metopus contortus are polymorphs of a single methanogen species (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 97 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify and partially sequence the 16S ribosomal RNA genes of symbiotic bacteria within the anaerobic ciliate Metopus contortus. In situ probing with fluorescent oligonucleotides showed that the amplified sequences orginated from a single species of archaebacterium which is closely related to Methanocorpusculum parvum. The probed symbionts exhibited a variety of shapes and sizes. These data support the hypothesis, first proposed on the basis of electron microscopy that the symbionts undergo a morphological transformation as part of the symbiotic process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05439.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maintaining soil fertility under increasing land use pressure in the Middle Mountains of Nepal (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 10 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Nepal is facing a serious problem of being unable to maintain soil fertility in agriculture and forestry. Land use practices initiated over the past 10–15 years have resulted in insufficient nutrient inputs, while biomass use and production have increased. Changes in forest soil fertility have resulted from intensive use of forest biomass for animal feed and collection of forest litter for use in agriculture. The agricultural fertility changes have resulted from intensifying annual crop rotations from 1.5 to 2.5 crops and insufficient inputs. The removal of biomass from the forest has curtailed the natural organic cycle by virtually eliminating nutrient inputs.The soils are very acidic and have little C, N, P and exchangeable bases, but have large amounts of active iron. Basic nutrients are not sustained in agriculture and differences in inputs and management between irrigated and rainfed agricultural systems are becoming visible. Irrigated fields show the largest cation content because of input from irrigation water. Rainfed agricultural sites, which receive the most nutrients (fertilizers and manure), have the highest pH values and C and N contents. All soil fertility conditions are marginal and put into question the long-term sustainability of current levels of production. Alterations in the cropping intensity are needed and the introduction of nitrogen fixing trees and crops seems to be the most viable option towards sustainability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00474.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling of soil nutrient budgets: an assessment of agricultural sustainability in Nepal (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 15 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Sustaining soil fertility under agricultural intensification and expansion onto marginal lands is a significant challenge in the Nepalese Middle Mountains. In a detailed watershed study it was shown that the overall soil fertility is poor, forest soils display the poorest conditions as a result of biomass removal, and sustaining agriculture is questionable due to the transformation from traditional to multiple cropping systems. Parent material is a significant factor influencing low phosphorus status while insufficient inputs create deficiencies in total carbon, nitrogen and bases. A nutrient budget model was developed to assess inputs, redistribution and losses relative to soil fertility. Yield, input and management data obtained from farm interviews, and soil analysis data were used in the calculation of nutrient budgets. Results from modelling indicate declining soil fertility under rainfed agriculture, forest and rangelands, and marginal conditions under irrigated agriculture subject to intensive cultivation. Nutrient deficits were relatively low for irrigated rice-wheat systems, which benefit from nutrient inputs via sediments and irrigation waters, but the introduction of triple cropping showed greater deficits. Nutrient balances were most critical under rainfed maize production where 94% of the farms were in deficit. Current shortages of organic matter make elimination of nutrient deficits problematic but improvement of composting, biological N-fixation and fertilizer efficiency and reducing erosion were found to be potential options.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1999.tb00072.x
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