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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 28 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2004.00350.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of field techniques for sampling soil solution in an upland peatland (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Results from recent studies of peatland biogeochemistry suggest that appropriate soil water sampling techniques are required in order to advance our understanding of peatland soil systems. In a comparative field experiment, concentrations of inorganic solutes and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were measured in soil water extracted at a depth of 10 cm beneath the surface of deep peat by three techniques: zero-tension (z-t) lysimeters, PTFE suction samplers, and polysulfone suction samplers. The majority of solute concentrations were broadly similar, but mean concentrations of silicon, DOC, iron and aluminium in water extracted by z-t lysimeters and PTFE samplers were in ratios of 1:5; 1:2; 1:5 and 1:3 respectively. Mean conductivity and concentrations of chloride and hydrogen ion were significantly larger in the z-t lysimeter samples, which had sodium, potassium and magnesium to chloride ratios that were very similar to local rainfall. The z-t lysimeters appeared to sample macropores preferentially, while the suction samplers collected micropore water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00397.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight spectra of dissolved organic carbon in a rewetted Welsh peatland and possible implications for water quality (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 17 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Demand for water from catchments dominated by upland peat as a source of drinking water supplies in the UK is likely to increase in the future as demand per capita continues to rise (Thomsen 1990) and/or summer droughts increase in frequency (Arnell 1992). Concern has been expressed in recent years over rising colour levels (related to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and iron (Fe)) from such catchments (e.g. Kay et al. 1989) causing reduced drinking water quality. One of the major causes of increased DOC concentrations is rewetting following periods of relative drought (Mitchell & McDonald 1992). Experimental rewetting of a naturally drained wetland in Mid-Wales over four years was found to substantially increase the concentrations of DOC, and Fe in the pore-water, with peak values of 〉60 mg dm–3 (Fe) and 〉300 mg dm–3 (DOC) after rewetting, compared with typical values of 〈1 mgdm–3 (Fe) and 〈15 mg dm–3 (DOC) under the drained conditions. Seasonal peak concentrations of Fe and DOC have since remained at these higher levels. Rewetting produced a selective enrichment of the 〉5000 to 〈90 000 apparent molecular weight (AMW) material and this fraction was found to yield peak Fe concentrations. Two additional peaks of DOC were also found in the experimental wetland (not present in the control wetland), of 〉90 000 to 〈200 000 AMW and 〉200 000 AMW material. The AMW spectrum of DOC in the experimental wetland changed with season, and the 〉90 000 to 〈200 000 AMW fraction could only be seen in spring, representing a transient pool of carbon that is rapidly transformed in or transported from the wetland. These findings suggest that rewetting of peatland following drought (e.g. due to climate change) has the potential to reduce water quality. Moreover, recent interest in restoration (rewetting) of drained peatlands (Wheeler & Shaw 1995) could create an additional source of DOC rich water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00015.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple phosphorus saturation index to estimate risk of dissolved P in runoff from arable soils (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. There is increasing evidence that phosphorus has been accumulating in the surface horizons of agricultural soils to the extent that some soils represent a potential diffuse source of pollution to surface waters. The relationships between equilibrium phosphorus concentration at zero sorption (EPC 0) of soil and a number of soil physicochemical variables were investigated in the surface layers of arable and grassland agricultural soils sampled from the Thame catchment, England. Soil EPC0 could be predicted from an equation including soil test (Olsen) P, soil phosphate sorption index (PSI) and organic matter content (OM) (R2=0.88; P〈0.001) across a range of soil types and land use. The simple index Olsen P/PSI was found to be a good predictor of EPC0 (R2=0.77; P〈0.001) and readily desorbable (0.02 m KCl extractable) P (R2=0.73; P〈0.001) across a range of soil types under arable having soil organic matter contents of 〈10%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00194.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field and modelling studies to assess the risk to UK groundwater from earth-based stores for livestock manure (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 17 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Boreholes have been constructed at eight sites on the Permo-Triassic Sandstone and Chalk aquifers to assess the extent of chemical and microbiological contamination emanating from unlined farm manure stores. Slurry along fracture faces in the Chalk was found on cores taken from beneath two stores. Porewaters from the Chalk sites and one of the Sandstone sites were discoloured and showed high concentrations of nitrate, ammonium and organic carbon to depths in excess of 10 m. Although Cryptosporidia and Escherichia coli O157 were found in many of the cattle slurry lagoons, neither were found in the aquifer material beneath. The self-sealing of unlined slurry stores is seen as a crucial step in minimizing leakage. A simple mass balance shows farm boreholes near to contaminant sources are at greater risk than public supply wells. Contaminant modelling shows discontinuing use of an unlined farm manure store will lead to little difference in solute concentrations over the short to medium term. Groundwater is most at risk where the water table is shallow since direct hydraulic connection between the lagoon base and the water table considerably increases the rate of vertical migration. This is of greatest significance for pathogens that are thought to be relatively short lived in the subsurface. Under the majority of situations minimal threat is posed to potable groundwater drinking supplies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00018.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of Unsaturated Zone Properties on Oxygen Transport and Aquifer Reaeration (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 38 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: This study investigated the unsaturated zone properties that affect ground water reaeration (i.e., the diffusive flux of oxygen through the unsaturated zone and into an aquifer system). Laboratory column experiments were undertaken to quantify oxygen flux into anaerobic ground water as a function of soil type, soil water content, soil oxygen demand, and unsaturated zone thickness. Soils used in these studies included coarse sand, sand, loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, silt, silty clay loam, bentonite, kaolin, and peat. The results showed that reaeration flux rates ranging from 11,000 to 12,000 mg/m2-day were possible under conditions typical of the natural environment. Soil water content provided the greatest resistance to oxygen transport in the unsaturated zone while the remaining factors of soil type, soil oxygen demand, and unsaturated zone thickness did not significantly inhibit reaeration flux into ground water. An unsaturated zone transport model based on Fick's second law and gas-liquid interfacial mass transport was developed and showed good agreement with the experimental results derived from the column studies. The results of this study suggest that unsaturated zone reaeration of anaerobic ground water may be a contributing factor in controlling the steady–state size and shape of hydrocarbon plumes and incorporating reaeration into ground water models—based on unsaturated zone properties—may allow for a more accurate representation of bioattenuation reactions taking place in subsurface environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02714.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of RAPD markers associated with common bunt resistance to race T1 (Tilletia tritici) in spelt wheat (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Common bunt caused by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis has occurred worldwide and reduces yield and quality in common and durum wheats. The development of DNA markers linked to bunt resistance to race T1 in the cross, ‘Laura’(S) בRL5407’ (R), was carried out in this study based on the single head derived F4:5 and single seed derived F4:6 populations. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the gene for resistance to race T1 in the spelt wheat ‘RL5407′. The two markers identified, UBC548590 and UBC274988, flanked the resistance gene with a map distance of 9.1 and 18.2 cM, respectively. The former was linked in repulsion phase to bunt resistance while the later was in coupling phase. The two RAPD markers and the common bunt-resistance gene all segregated in Mendelian fashion. Use of these two RAPD markers together could assist in incorporating the bunt-resistance gene from spelt wheat into common wheat cultivars by means of marker-assisted selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00888.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased turning per unit distance as an area-restricted search mechanism in a pause-travel predator, juvenile plaice, foraging for buried bivalves (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: During searching, discovery of a prey patch by juvenile plaice Pleuronectes platessa was associated with a change from extensive to intensive search behaviour several moves before an attack on a prey. Intensive search behaviour was characterized by reduced distance of moves, a greater rate of turning per unit distance and shorter pauses between moves. The increase in turn rate was associated with area-restricted seaching, while a decrease in distances moved suggests that plaice search more efficiently for prey when stationary than while moving. The klinokinetic mechanism that appears to regulate search behaviour in juvenile plaice should allow efficient exploitation of a range of prey distribution patterns based on localized cues alone. Such a mechanism is especially useful to a migratory predator, like plaice, whose foraging is subject to time constraints imposed by tidally available feeding areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02160.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive search in juvenile plaice foraging for aggregated and dispersed prey (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Juvenile plaice Pleuronectes platessa in a laboratory arena used intensive search behaviour, characterized by short movements and frequent turning, in the five movements before and after attacking a prey in an aggregated distribution. They used extensive search behaviour with, on average, longer movements and less turning at all other times. Intensive search was, apparently, triggered by a high local density of prey but not by isolated prey. This response to local prey density resulted in area-restricted search when prey were aggregated and win-shift behaviour when prey were dispersed. There was no evidence that the use of intensive search increased with experience of aggregated prey. It therefore appears that the fish were able to exploit encountered prey distribution patterns using their immediate perceptions rather than prior experience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02469.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artificial dietary regime may impair subsequent foraging behaviour of hatchery-reared turbot released into the natural environment (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When offered a size range of shrimp Crangon crangon, fewer naïve reared turbot Scophthalmus maximus fed than did wild fish, and those that fed took smaller prey. Analysis of feeding behaviour indicated differences between wild and naïve reared fish in the motivation to feed on novel prey and in prey recognition and capture efficiency. Feeding efficiency and motivation increased with experience and reared fish achieved the feeding rate of wild fish within the 9 days of the experiment. The ‘creep’ style of approach to shrimp was innate to naïve reared turbot. A comparative feeding experiment confirmed that experienced reared fish ate more prey than naïve reared fish. Naïve reared turbot selected pellets and attacked stones preferentially to shrimp, in contrast to wild and experienced reared fish, which selected shrimp. Stones were attacked due to the memory of pellet-like visual characteristics and this behaviour persisted in some reared fish for at least 6 weeks, illustrating a cost of memory in which changing environmental conditions cause previously learnt information to become misleading. The experimental data also demonstrated that differences may arise in the prey and feeding behaviour of wild and naïve reared fish, but that such differences diminish with experience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb01750.x
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