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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
  • Cambridge University Press  (2)
  • ZBW - Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft Kiel, Hamburg
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MARKTMACHT, GEWERKSCHAFTEN UND LOHNHÖHE IN DER INDUSTRIE DER BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSGHLAND (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Kyklos 33 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6435
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Interindustrial wage differences in West Germany are explained by trade unions’ pressure (unionism, strike intensity), sellers’ market power (concentration, profits, vertical integration, cartels, and international trade), and fluctuations among labour force. The inverse relationship between concentration and wages can, theoretically, be traced back to monopoly and it is suggested that concentration should primarily be considered as an indicator of monopoly power. Vertical integration of successive stages of production within a single firm appears to entail efficiency gains on balance whereas in the case of cartels of the kind permitted in West Germany, monopolizing and efficiency raising effects appear to just cancel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1980.tb02633.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N2-fixation and complementary chromatic adaptation in non-heterocystous cyanobacteria from Lake Constance (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 37 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Non-heterocystous, mostly filamentous cyanobacteria were isolated from the crust of stones, from the periphyton of two macrophytes from the littoral zone and from the pelagic environment of Lake Constance. All isolates were cultivated as unialgal strains. DNA analysis by restriction fragment length polymorphism with the psbA gene probe revealed high genetic diversity among the strains from the littoral zone. For all genotypes, the occurrence of the nifH gene encoding a nitrogenase subunit and of genes encoding subunits of phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were tested by Southern blot hybridization. In addition, the isolates were investigated for their ability for complementary chromatic adaptation (CCA) and for anaerobic N2-fixation. With respect to these characteristics, all cyanobacteria included in this study were assigned to four different types: (1) strains without the capability to fix N2 or to perform CCA of the group III type (CCA III); (2) strains which show both features; (3) strains with the ability to fix nitrogen, but that do not show any CCA III; and (4) strains that produce phycoerythrin, but without the capacity for CCA III or N2-fixation. By examining the frequency distribution of isolates, these types were shown to prefer different habitats. While cyanobacterial strains capable of N2-fixation, but without CCA III, were mainly obtained from stone crusts in the supralittoral zone, those with the potential for N2-fixation as well as for CCA III were largely isolated from submersed macrophytes. Cyanobacteria that produce phycoerythrin, but do not perform CCA III or N2-fixation, were found in the pelagic zone only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00859.x
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  • 3
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    Katabatic winds and polynya dynamics at Coats Land, Antarctica (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-26
    Description: Mesoscale model simulations were conducted for the Weddell Sea region for the autumn and winter periods of 2008 using a high-resolution, limited-area, non-hydrostatic atmospheric model. A sea ice–ocean model was run with enhanced horizontal resolution and high-resolution forcing data of the atmospheric model. Daily passive thermal and microwave satellite data was used to derive the polynya area in the Weddell Sea region. The focus of the study is on the formation of polynyas in the coastal region of Coats Land, which is strongly affected by katabatic flows. The polynya areas deduced from two independent remote sensing methods and data sources show good agreement, while the results of the sea ice simulation show some weaknesses. Linkages between the pressure gradient force composed of a katabatic and a synoptic component, offshore wind regimes and polynya area are identified. It is shown that the downslope surface offshore wind component of Coats Land is the main forcing factor for polynya dynamics, which is mainly steered by the offshore pressure gradient force, where the katabatic force is the dominant term. We find that the synoptic pressure gradient is opposed to the katabatic force during major katabatic wind events.
    Print ISSN: 0954-1020
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2079
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 4
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    Atmospheric forcing of coastal polynyas in the south-western Weddell Sea (2015)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-29
    Description: The development of coastal polynyas, areas of enhanced heat flux and sea ice production strongly depend on atmospheric conditions. In Antarctica, measurements are scarce and models are essential for the investigation of polynyas. A robust quantification of polynya exchange processes in simulations relies on a realistic representation of atmospheric conditions in the forcing dataset. The sensitivity of simulated coastal polynyas in the south-western Weddell Sea to the atmospheric forcing is investigated with the Finite-Element Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM) using daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data (NCEP), 6 hourly Global Model Europe (GME) data and two different hourly datasets from the high-resolution Consortium for Small-Scale Modelling (COSMO) model. Results are compared for April to August in 2007–09. The two coarse-scale datasets often produce the extremes of the data range, while the finer-scale forcings yield results closer to the median. The GME experiment features the strongest winds and, therefore, the greatest polynya activity, especially over the eastern continental shelf. This results in higher volume and export of High Salinity Shelf Water than in the NCEP and COSMO runs. The largest discrepancies between simulations occur for 2008, probably due to differing representations of the ENSO pattern at high southern latitudes. The results suggest that the large-scale wind field is of primary importance for polynya development.
    Print ISSN: 0954-1020
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2079
    Topics: Biology , Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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