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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1)
  • 1
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    Geophysics. Coping with earthquakes induced by fluid injection (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGarr, A -- Bekins, B -- Burkardt, N -- Dewey, J -- Earle, P -- Ellsworth, W -- Ge, S -- Hickman, S -- Holland, A -- Majer, E -- Rubinstein, J -- Sheehan, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):830-1. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0494.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Earthquake Science Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. mcgarr@usgs.gov. ; USGS, National Water Quality Assessment Program, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. ; USGS, Powell Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA. ; USGS, Geologic Hazards Center, Golden, CO 80225, USA. ; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Earthquake Science Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. ; University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80302, USA. ; Oklahoma Geological Survey, Norman, OK 73069, USA. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Disasters/*prevention & control/*statistics & numerical data ; Earthquakes/*statistics & numerical data ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Safety Management/methods ; United States ; Waste Disposal, Fluid/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ensemble inference in geophysical inverse problems (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 115 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Non-invasive studies of the shallow Earth are an essential element in a broad range of earth science disciplines. Such studies are usually accomplished using geophysical techniques, which means that a geophysical inverse problem must be solved. Unfortunately, non-uniqueness is a basic property of almost all solutions to geophysical inverse problems. In this paper we describe a method of dealing with this non-uniqueness which we believe is more direct, more complete, and more informative than previous attempts in this area. Instead of using regularization methods to constrain the non-uniqueness of geophysical inverse problems, we confront directly the non-uniqueness and attempt to describe it. The basic technique is to generate and describe a collection of models that fit the data within acceptable limits based upon observational errors. This collection of models, called an ensemble, is analysed with statistical methods in order to characterize the uncertainty in the solution and also make inferences about properties that are shared by all acceptable models. A by-product of this approach is that it produces basic information about the degree of linearity contained in the problem and maps trade-offs between various parameters. The method proposed is quite general and should be applicable to a broad range of geophysical inverse problems. We illustrate the basic method by applying it to two typical geophysical problems. The first application is to a set of cross-borehole traveltime observations gathered in Kesterson, California. The small deviations of the observed traveltime residuals from those predicted by a uniform half-space indicates that the velocity contrasts are not large. The set of acceptable models appears to form a non-degenerate hyperellipsoid in the model space. The mean of the velocity models converges quite rapidly to a smoothed version of a linearized singular-value decomposition solution. The velocity variations agree very well with the results of a hydrological tracer test conducted prior to the seismic experiment. The second application is to the problem of simultaneously estimating the shape and density of a constant density body using surface gravity measurements. In this case a linear analysis is found to be inadequate. A quadratic formulation is necessary to accurately represent the trade-off between the magnitude of the density perturbation and the depth extent of the body.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1993.tb01489.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wavepath traveltime tomography (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 115 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: The elastic-wave equation is used to construct sensitivity kernels relating perturbations in elastic parameters to traveltime deviations. Computation of the functions requires a correlation of the forward-propagating seismic wavefield with a backward propagation of the residual wavefield. The computation of the wavefields is accomplished using a finite difference algorithm and is efficiently executed on a CM-2 parallel processor. The source and receiver locations have maximum sensitivity to velocity structure. The sensitivity kernels or wavepaths are well suited for transmission traveltime inversion such as cross-borehole tomography and vertical seismic profiling. Conventional ray tomography and wavepath tomography are applied to a set of P-wave arrival times, from a cross-borehole experiment at Kesterson, California. Because the wavepaths have increased sensitivity near the source and receiver there are differences in resolution of the velocity structure. Both techniques recover the same relative variations in velocity where the coverage is adequate. The wavepath solution is more laterally continuous and the dominant variation is vertical, as is expected for the layered sediments in this region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1993.tb01509.x
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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