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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytochrome A, phytochrome B and other phytochrome(s) regulate ATHB-2 gene expression in etiolated and green Arabidopsis plants (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The expression of the Arabidopsis ATHB-2 gene is light-regulated both in seedlings and in adult plants. The gene is expressed at high levels in rapidly elongating etiolated seedlings and is down-regulated by a pulse of red light (R) through the action of a phytochrome other than phytochrome A or B, or by a pulse of far-red light (FR) through the action of phytochrome A. In green plants, the expression of the ATHB-2 gene is rapidly and strongly enhanced by lowering the R:FR ratio perceived by a phytochrome other than A or B. Returning the plant to a high R:FR ratio results in an equally rapid decrease of the ATHB-2 mRNA. Consistently, plants overproducing ATHB-2 show developmental phenotypes characteristic of plants grown in low R:FR: elongated petioles, reduced leaf area, early flowering, and reduced number of rosette leaves. Taken together, the data strongly suggest a direct involvement of ATHB-2 in light-regulated growth phenomena throughout Arabidopsis development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-123.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic deformation in the Mediterranean area estimated by moment tensor summation (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 122 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Theoretical relationships allow the distributed deformation due to seismic activity to be quantified on the basis of the analysis of moment tensors. We apply this method to a data set consisting of seismic events that have occurred in the past 85 yr (1908–1992) along the most important seismogenic zones of the Mediterranean region. We use the Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) Catalog prepared at Harvard University, covering the last 16 yr, and older data from Jackson & McKenzie (1988). We determine the seismic deformation and compare it to estimates of the overall deformation as obtained from global plate motion and geological studies. We generally find that the geometry of seismic deformation is similar to tectonic predictions. Even though spanning a shorter time interval, the CMT Catalog often gives a better estimate of deformation geometry than the whole data set (85 yr). Seismic deformation generally ranges from less than 10 per cent to more than 90 per cent of the total deformation. Uncertainties arise because data sets may not be representative of the long-term seismic behaviour of each zone. More reliable estimates for comparison with geodynamic processes should result from analysis of a longer time period, for which no instrumental data are available. The similarity of the deformation geometry using CMT data with tectonic expectations suggests, for several zones, the possibility of using historical data to infer longer term deformation rates based on current deformation geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb06847.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strain typing among enterococci isolated from home-made Pecorino Sardo cheese (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 170 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three molecular techniques (RAPD-polymerase chain reaction analysis, plasmid profile and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) were used for a preliminary approach to type, at strain level, enterococci isolated from a 24-h-old home-made Pecorino Sardo (protected designation of origin) cheese. A high genetic polymorphism was found. Clusters obtained by the RAPD technique and plasmid profile analysis contained different strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis proved to be an efficient and highly reproducible typing method. In addition, by combining the results from plasmid profile analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, it was possible to identify closely related strains probably belonging to the same clonal lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13351.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    V. Functions of S-layers (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Although S-layers are being increasingly identified on Bacteria and Archaea, it is enigmatic that in most cases S-layer function continues to elude us. In a few instances, S-layers have been shown to be virulence factors on pathogens (e.g. Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus and Aeromonas salmonicida), protective against Bdellovibrio, a depository for surface-exposed enzymes (e.g. Bacillus stearothermophilus), shape-determining agents (e.g. Thermoproteus tenax) and nucleation factors for fine-grain mineral development (e.g. Synechococcus GL 24). Yet, for the vast majority of S-layered bacteria, the natural function of these crystalline arrays continues to be evasive. The following review up-dates the functional basis of S-layers and describes such diverse topics as the effect of S-layers on the Gram stain, bacteriophage adsorption in lactobacilli, phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the adhesion of a high-molecular-mass amylase, outer membrane porosity, and the secretion of extracellular enzymes of Thermoanaerobacterium. In addition, the functional aspect of calcium on the Caulobacter S-layer is explained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00305.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific detection of a probiotic Lactobacillus strain in faecal samples by using multiplex PCR (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 158 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Lactobacillus gasseri 4B2 is a human isolate characterised by a strong autoaggregating phenotype mediated by APF (aggregation-promoting factor), a secreted protein. Two primer pairs were developed for simultaneous amplification of a specific fragment of the APF gene and a highly conserved region of the 16S rRNA gene. The specificity of this protocol was checked in DNA samples isolated from single and mixed cultures of Lactobacillus. The same amplification protocol was successfully used directly adding whole bacterial cells to PCR reaction tubes. The suitability of this method for in vivo studies was investigated through feeding L. gasseri 4B2 to mice and analysing colony forming units obtained by plating faecal samples on selective medium. The methodology allows a fast and reliable identification of the target strain without any DNA extraction procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12832.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of Lactobacillus casei strains (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 140 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three different molecular techniques were used to characterize bacterial strains isolated from dairy products and phenotypically classified as Lactobacillus casei. Some strains were taxonomically identified as Lb. casei and Lb. paracasei using 23S rRNA-targeted probes specific for Lb. casei and Lb. paracasei. Chromosomal DNA was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Lb. paracasei strains had a variable number of SfiI fragments harboring rRNA genes, while Lb. casei strains showed more homogeneous patterns. The chromosome size of Lb. paracasei ATCC 334 was evaluated to be 2.17 Mb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08339.x
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