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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Field studies to examine the in situ assimilation and production of ammonium (NH4 +) by bacterial assemblages were conducted in the northern Gerlache Strait region of the Antarctic Peninsula. Short term incubations of surface waters containing 15N-NH4 + as a tracer showed the bacterial population taking up 0.041–0.128 μg-atoms Nl−1d−1, which was 8–25% of total NH4 + uptake rates. The large bacterial uptake of NH4 + occurred even at low bacterial abundance during a rich phytoplankton bloom. Estimates of bacterial production using 3H-leucine and -adenine were l.0μgCl−1 d−1 before the bloom and 16.2 μg Cl−1 d−1 at the bloom peak. After converting bacterial carbon production to an estimate of nitrogen demand, NH4 + was found to supply 35–60% of bacterial nitrogen requirements. Bacterial nitrogen demand was also supported by dissolved organic nitrogen, generally in the form of amino acids. It was estimated, however, that 20–50% of the total amino acids taken up were mineralized to NH4 +. Bacterial production of NH4 + was occurring simultaneously to its uptake and contributed 27–55% of total regenerated NH4 + in surface waters. Using a variety of 15N-labelled amino acids it was found that the bacteria metabolized each amino acid differently. With their large mineralization of amino acids and their relatively low sinking rates, bacteria appear to be responsible for a large portion of organic matter recycling in the upper surface waters of the coastal Antarctic ecosystem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 24 (1992), S. 77-89 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract On 28 January 1989 the Bahia Paraiso ran aground and sank near Palmer Station, Antarctica. At least 6.8 × 105 liters of diesel fuel arctic (DFA) were released into semi-enclosed Arthur Harbor and deposited in the nearby intertidal regions. Approximately 6 weeks later, a group of scientists was deployed to evaluate the impact of the oil spill on the surrounding coastal marine ecosystem. Microbial hydrocarbon oxidation potential (14CO2 evolved from 14C-labeled hexadecane) was detected throughout both the oil-impacted and control regions. Hexadecane was mineralized at extremely low rates (0.13–1.21 pmol g−1 sediment dry weight day−1); microbiological turnover time exceeded 2 years. The acute effects of DFA (measured over exposure periods of 3–7 days) on the metabolic activities of sedimentary microorganisms appear to be negligible even at seawater saturation concentrations of DFA. Long-term exposure (120 days) to varying concentrations of DFA resulted in significant decreases (〉90%) in total ATP, but had either no effect or a slight stimulatory effect on metabolic activity and production. In contrast to planktonic microbial communities, increasing incubation temperatures of between 0 and 30°C had a positive effect on rates of metabolism and production of sedimentary assemblages. These results may influence the overall weathering rates of hydrocarbons deposited in the intertidal and supratidal regions of Arthur Harbor and other polar regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1421
    Keywords: Mixing model ; preformed nutrients ; Redfield ratios ; Remineralization ratios
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Based on a new mixing model of two end-members, the water column remineralization ratios of P/N/Corg - O2 = 1/13 ± 1/135 ± 18/170 ± 9 are obtained for the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) data set at station ALOHA. The traditional Redfield ratios of P/N/Corg/–O2 = 1/16/106/138 have standard deviations of more than 50%, when they are based on the average composition of phytoplankton. Apparently, the remineralization processes in the water column have smoothed out the observed large variability of plankton compositions. A new molar formula for the remineralized plankton may be written as 135H280O105N13P or C25(CH2O)101(CH4)9(NH3)13(H3PO4). Oxidation of this formula results in C25(CH2O)101(CH4)9(NH3)13(H3PO4) + 170O2 → 135CO2 + 132H2O + 13NO3 - + H2PO4 - + 14H+. For comparison, remineralization using Redfield's formula gives: (CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4) + 138O2 → 106CO2 + 122H2O + 16NO3 -+ H2PO4 - + 17H+
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ecosystems 2 (1999), S. 181-214 
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: oceanography; microbial ecology; nutrients; climate; biodiversity; food webs; microbiology.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ABSTRACT The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is the largest ecosystem on our planet. However, this expansive habitat is also remote, poorly sampled, and therefore not well understood. For example, the most abundant oxygenic phototroph in the NPSG, Prochlorococcus, was described only a decade ago. Other novel Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya, recently identified by nucleic acid sequence analysis, have not been isolated. In October 1988, an ocean time-series research program was established to study ecosystem processes in the gyre, including rates and pathways of carbon and energy flow, spatial and temporal scales of variability, and coupling of ocean physics to biogeochemical processes. After a decade of ecosystem surveillance, this sentinel observatory has produced an unprecedented data set and some new views of an old ocean. Foremost is evidence for dramatic changes in microbial community structure and in mechanisms of nutrient cycling in response to large-scale ocean–atmosphere interactions. These and other observations demand reassessment of current views of physical-biogeochemical processes in this and other open-ocean ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Primary Production
    Description: Primary productivity measurements from the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT). Photosynthetic production of organic matter was measured by the 14C tracer method. All incubations from 1990 through mid-2000 were conducted in situ at eight depths (5, 25, 45, 75, 100, 125, 150 and 175m) over one daylight period using a free-drifting array as described by Winn et al. (1991). Starting HOT-119 (October 2000), we collected samples from only the upper six depths & modeled the lower two depths based on the monthly climatology. During 2015, all incubations were conducted in situ on a free floating, surface tethered array. Integrated carbon assimilation rates were calculated using the trapezoid rule with the shallowest value extended to 0 meters and the deepest extrapolated to a value of zero at 200 meters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737163
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0926766
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 6
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Particle Flux
    Description: Particle flux measurements from the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT). Particle flux was measured at a standard reference depth of 150 m using multiple cylindrical particle interceptor traps deployed on a free-floating array for approximately 60 h during each cruise. Sediment trap design and collection methods are described in Winn et al. (1991). Samples were analyzed for particulate C, N, P & Si. Typically six traps are analyzed for PC and PN, three for PP, and another three traps for PSi. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/737393
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0926766
    Keywords: HOT ; time series ; Hawaii Ocean Time-series
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 7
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: CTD Profiles
    Description: HOT CTD data are collected using a SeaBird CTD 9-11 (9-11 Plus with dual sensors as of HOT-54) at the maximum sampling rate of 24 samples per second (24 Hz). They are screened for errors and processed to 2-dbar averages. The majority of the sampling effort, approximately 60-72 h per standard HOT cruise, is spent at Station ALOHA. High vertical resolution environmental data are collected with a Sea-Bird CTD having external temperature (T), conductivity (C), dissolved oxygen (DO) and fluorescence (F) sensors and an internal pressure (P) sensor. A Sea-Bird 24-place carousel and an aluminum rosette that is capable of supporting 24 12-L PVC bottles are used to obtain water samples from desired depths. The CTD and rosette are deployed on a 3-conductor cable allowing for real-time display of data and for tripping the bottles at specific depths of interest. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3937
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0926766
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Water column methane ethylene and nutrients
    Description: Concentration measurements of water column phosphate, nitrate and nitrite, dissolved organic phosphorus, methane, and ethylene from samples collected during the R/V Niel Armstrong cruise AR16 in the western North Atlantic Ocean in May 2017. Seawater was collected from Niskin bottles deployed on a rosette with a CTD. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/769203
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1634080
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 9
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Niskin bottle samples
    Description: Monthly measurements of the thermohaline structure, water column chemistry, and primary production were collected at station ALOHA as part of the HOT program. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3773
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0926766
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1999-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1432-9840
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0629
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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