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  • 1
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    Pathogen metadata platform: software for accessing and analyzing pathogen strain information (2016)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-17
    Beschreibung: Pathogen metadata includes information about where and when a pathogen was collected and the type of environment it came from. Along with genomic nucleotide sequence data, this metadata is growing rapidly and ...
    Digitale ISSN: 1471-2105
    Thema: Biologie , Informatik
    Publiziert von BioMed Central
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Diversity and evolution of myxozoan minicollagens and nematogalectins (2014)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-01
    Beschreibung: Background: Myxozoa are a diverse group of metazoan parasites with a very simple organization, which has for decades eluded their evolutionary origin. Their most prominent and characteristic feature is the polar capsule: a complex intracellular structure of the myxozoan spore, which plays a role in host infection. Striking morphological similarities have been found between myxozoan polar capsules and nematocysts, the stinging structures of cnidarians (corals, sea anemones and jellyfish) leading to the suggestion that Myxozoa and Cnidaria share a more recent common ancestry. This hypothesis has recently been supported by phylogenomic evidence and by the identification of a nematocyst specific minicollagen gene in the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae. Here we searched genomes and transcriptomes of several myxozoan taxa for the presence of additional cnidarian specific genes and characterized these genes within a phylogenetic context. Results: Illumina assemblies of transcriptome or genome data of three myxozoan species (Enteromyxum leei, Kudoa iwatai, and Sphaeromyxa zaharoni) and of the enigmatic cnidarian parasite Polypodium hydriforme (Polypodiozoa) were mined using tBlastn searches with nematocyst-specific proteins as queries. Several orthologs of nematogalectins and minicollagens were identified. Our phylogenetic analyses indicate that myxozoans possess three distinct minicollagens. We found that the cnidarian repertoire of nematogalectins is more complex than previously thought and we identified additional members of the nematogalectin family. Cnidarians were found to possess four nematogalectin / nematogalectin-related genes, while in myxozoans only three genes could be identified. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that myxozoans possess a diverse array of genes that are taxonomically restricted to Cnidaria. Characterization of these genes provide compelling evidence that polar capsules and nematocysts are homologous structures and that myxozoans are highly degenerate cnidarians. The diversity of minicollagens was higher than previously thought, with the presence of three minicollagen genes in myxozoans. Our phylogenetic results suggest that the different myxozoan sequences are the results of ancient divergences within Cnidaria and not of recent specializations of the polar capsule. For both minicollagen and nematogalectin, our results show that myxozoans possess less gene copies than their cnidarian counter parts, suggesting that the polar capsule gene repertoire was simplified with their reduced body plan.
    Digitale ISSN: 1471-2148
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von BioMed Central
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Complex nature of the sulfation reaction of limestones and dolomites (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 450-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Experimental information available in the literature for the sulfation of a wide variety of calcined limestones and dolomites has been used to establish rates of reaction over their entire range of conversion. The reaction rate was found to decay exponentially with extent of conversion and implicated parameters related to two factors, each factor representing a diffusional resistance. These factors define two generalized constants which permit the prediction of the decaying parameters associated with the sorptive capacity of the sorbent.The sorptive capacity, x∞, which represents the ultimate conversion of the solid sorbent, has been found to depend on the pore size distribution, the chemical composition of the limestone and/or dolomite and its accessible pore surface area. The combined contribution of x∞ along with predicted parameters permit the calculation of conversion vs. time relationships that are found in close agreement with experimental measurements for the ten sorbents investigated, with the exception of one.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300314
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optical characterization of orientation of collagen (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2751-2758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The optical properties of reconstituted collagen were characterized in the frame-work of a two-phase model. The total birefringence is assumed to be the sum of form birefringence ΔF, of amorphous birefringence Δa, and of crystalline birefringence Δc. The contribution of ΔF has been determined as a function of strain. The intrinsic values of Δc and Δa were calculated to be 0.24 ± 0.06 and 0.055 ± 0.018, respectively. In the undeformed state, the observed birefringence is almost entirely due to the distortion of the electric field of the light at the phase boundary. Whereas there is a slight increase of form birefringence with increasing strain, the total birefringence shows much larger increments. The latter is attributable to orientation of the rodlike superstructures of the tropocollagen molecules.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360121209
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic mechanical and rheo-optical studies of collagen and gelatin (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 2015-2031 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The frequency dependence of dynamic mechanical properties of rat tail tendon (RTT), enzyme-solubilized collagen membranes (ESC), AKM-23 dialysis membranes, and gelatin film have been measured at 110, 11, and 3.5 Hz from - 160 to 220°C. RTT and AKM-23 are devoid of a rubbery region; there are as many as six mechanical loss transitions. Gelatin and ESC membranes behave as rubbery materials above room temperature; only three tan δE peaks can be resolved for these materials. Strain birefringence was used to measure the crystalline and amorphous contribution of orientation induced by strain. Both the birefringence and the strain optical coefficient are sensitive to the amount of water in a sample. The effect of chemical swelling agents and of annealing on birefringence are described. Stress relaxation data on gelatin film were analyzed with the rubber elasticity theory to give the average number of chains per unit volume, the specific polarizability, the stress-birefringence ratio and the average molecular weight between hydrogen bonds were calculated. The intrinsic amorphous birefringence for “wet” gelatin film is 1.25 × 10-2; it is estimated to be about 6 × 10-2 for “dry” gelatin film.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360111003
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of ions on the superstructures of reconstituted collagen (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 1063-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The effect of a variety of electrolytes on the stabilization and destabilization of the rod-like superstructures in reconstituted collagen membranes have been studied by small-angle light scattering (SALE). Structural orders at two levels are effected: association-disassociation at the micron level and the helix-coil transitions at the mollecular level. In addition to lyotropic salts, several transition metal ions were also studied. They act to disassociate collagen aggregates by the formation of stable complexes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120510
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of telopeptide on the morphology and physicomechanical properties of reconstituted collagens (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2045-2055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The morphology and physicomechanical properties of two types of collagen membranes, one of which does not have telopeptides, were compared with small-angle light scattering, rheo-optical, dynamic mechanical, and dynamic rheo-optical techniques. The presence of telopeptides in native collagen allows the formation of larger rod-like superstructures; it renders the membrane more resistant to irreversible deformation yet more responsive to dynamic mechanical perturbation. Telopeptides are also responsible for relaxation at room temperature, and impart more linearly elastic properties to the material as compared to membranes derived from enzyme-treated collagens.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120911
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Compatibility and physical properties of a new polyester blend (1981)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 21 (1981), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The compatible nature of a new polyester blend, polybutylene-terephthalate (PBT) and a copolyester of bisphenol-A-neopentyl glycol-terephthalate (CP-350), has been inferred from the single Tg by DSC and dynamic mechanical studies. Compatibility is further confirmed from the progressive melting point depression of PBT, and the increasingly coarse and open spherulitic morphology of the blends as the weight percent of CP-350 increases. At and above 40 weight percent of CP-350, crystallization of PBT is impeded by the presence of high concentrations of CP-350 which results in a low degree of PBT crystallinity (0-8 percent) in such blends. The melt viscosity as a function of blend composition shows a good fit to the Hayashida model.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760210902
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of seawater-resistant polyurethane elastomers for use as sonar encapsulants (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 911-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Polyurethane systems based on aliphatic diisocyanates were evaluated for suitability for use as underwater transducer encapsulants. A preliminary evaluation was performed to select the most promising urethane systems for further development. An investigation was then undertaken to determine the effect of compositional changes on the properties of these urethanes. The compositional parameters investigated were the soft-segment molecular weight, the prepolymer isocyanate content, the composition of the cure formulation, and the cure stoichiometry. These urethanes were subjected to long-term aging in seawater. It was found that this exposure did not significantly effect the physical or dynamic mechanical properties of the urethane.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420405
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Aggregation of poly(vinyl chloride) fractions (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 1483-1484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190529
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