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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    World Energy use in the 1970s and 1980s: Exploring the Changes (1992)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 17 (1992), S. 463-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.eg.17.110192.002335
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy Use in Cities of the Developing Countries (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 10 (1985), S. 109-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-1626
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.eg.10.110185.000545
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy Consumption and Structure of the US Residential Sector: Changes Between 1970 and 1985 (1987)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 12 (1987), S. 81-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-1626
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.eg.12.110187.000501
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecological investigations of the marine nematode Metoncholaimus scissus (1970)
    Springer
    Marine biology 6 (1970), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Significant concentrations of the large oncholaimid Metoncholaimus scissus Wieser and Hopper (1967) (〉7000 animals/24 cm2 area or 2.68x106 specimens/m2) have been noted in soft-bottom turtle grass communities. Activities of the nematode frequently show an indirect relationship to blooms of the benthic diatom Pleurosigma balticum. Analysis of biomass data for M. scissus (as much as 28 g wet weight/m2) demonstrate the importance of microsite activity and sensitivity of the species to small significant changes in the benthic environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352606
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) age and weight on results of the avian dietary toxicity test (1990)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 45 (1990), S. 667-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01700984
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and diversity of halophilic bacteria in a subsurface salt formation (1998)
    Springer
    Extremophiles 2 (1998), S. 321-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-4909
    Keywords: Key words Salt mine ; Halophilic bacteria ; Halobacterium ; Cellulose degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is a salt mine constructed 650 meters below the ground surface by the United States Department of Energy. The facility will be used for permanent disposal of transuranic wastes. This underground repository has been constructed in the geologically stable Permian age Salado salt formation. Of the wastes to be placed into the facility, 85% will be biodegradable cellulose. A 3-year survey of the bacterial populations existing within the facility was conducted. Bacterial populations were found to be heterogeneously distributed throughout the mine. Populations in some mine areas reached as high as 1.0 × 104 colony-forming units per gram of NaCl. The heterogeneous distribution of bacteria within the mine did not follow any recognizable pattern related to either age of the workings or to human activity. A biochemical comparison between ten known species of halophilic bacteria, and strains isolated from both the mine and nearby surface hypersaline lakes, showed the presence of extreme halophiles with wide biochemical diversity, some of which could prove to represent previously undescribed groups. The halophilic bacteria isolated from the mine were found to degrade cellulose and a wide variety of other carbon compounds. When exposed to two types of common laboratory paper, the cellulose-degrading halophiles attached to the substrate within 30 minutes of inoculation. Cultures enriched directly from a brine seep in the mine easily destroyed both papers and produced detectable amounts of oxalacetic and pyruvic acids. The combination of heterogeneity in the distribution of organisms, the presence of a physiologically diverse community, and the relatively slow metabolism of cellulose may explain several long-standing debates about the existence of microorganisms in ancient underground salt formations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007920050075
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and multiplication ofRhodotorula glutinis as determined by viable and total cell counts (1963)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 29 (1963), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Excellent correlation has been shown between two total and two culture, or viable, count techniques used for cell enumeration studies ofRhodotorula glutinis. The culture methods examined, the “drop plate” and the spread plate proved equally reliable for enumeration except for slight variations during the period of maximal budding of the organism. The Coulter Counter was a valuable tool as it permitted rapid cell population analysis with minimal preparatory procedures. The Petroff-Hausser counting chamber was found applicable only when cell numbers approached 109 or greater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02046054
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mallard reproductive testing in a pond environment: A preliminary study (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1986), S. 757-761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 2-year preliminary study was conducted on mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), to determine the feasibility of using outdoor pond enclosures for reproductive studies and to evaluate the effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on mallard reproduction. No significant reproductive effects were observed for mallards receiving 8 ppm (mg/kg of feed) chlorpyrifos in their diet. Birds receiving 80 ppm chlorpyrifos hatched significantly (p 〈 0.05) fewer ducklings per successful nest (5.8) than controls (10.2). None of the ducklings on treatment ponds survived to 7 days. Control birds produced 8.4 ducklings per successful nest surviving to 7 days or longer. Birds in the 80 ppm treatment group consumed less feed than did controls (p 〈 0.01). Weight loss from reduced feed consumption did not occur to the extent expected, indicating that birds supplemented their diets with natural foods found in and around the ponds. In spite of relatively low treated feed consumption, brain acetylcholinesterase was significantly (p 〈 0.05) depressed (57% of controls) for 80 ppm treated birds. Studies on indoor penned mallards fed 80 ppm chlorpyrifos in their diet also resulted in acetylcholinesterase depression to the same extent, but at much higher feed consumption levels. The study demonstrated the potential of using outdoor pond enclosures to evaluate chemical effects on food consumption, brain acetylcholinesterase, and reproduction in mallards. Improvements to the study design and to the pond enclosures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054923
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative toxicity of azinphos-methyl to house mice, laboratory mice, deer mice, and gray-tailed voles (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 26 (1994), S. 478-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A laboratory toxicity study on house mice and laboratory mice (Mus musculus), gray-tailed voles (Microtus canicaudus), and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) was conducted as part of a comprehensive laboratory and field study to field validate laboratory-based risk assessment of pesticides. The single dose oral LD50 for the organophosphorus insecticide azinphos-methyl (Guthion®) was 10, 11, 32, and 48 mg/kg body weight in wild house mice, laboratory mice, gray-tailed voles, and deer mice, respectively. Ten-day dietary LC50s were 277 ppm for laboratory mice, 297 ppm for gray-tailed voles, and 1,180 ppm for deer mice. All treated animals lost more weight, consumed less food, and had depressed brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity compared to controls. Five-day LC50s were significantly higher than 10-day LC50s for laboratory mice and deer mice. For all three species, animals that died during dietary LC50 tests had mean ChE activity of 50–55% while survivors had 56–70% of controls. The conclusions were that: (1) Laboratory mice were not representative of deer mice or gray-tailed voles with respect to sensitivity to azinphosmethyl, but provided a conservative estimate for risk assessment; (2) 10-day dietary LC50 tests indicate substantially greater estimates of toxicity of azinphos-methyl to rodents than do 5-day tests; and (3) brain ChE depression of 45–50% was lethal in these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214150
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of adult mallard age on avian reproductive tests (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1986), S. 751-755 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was designed to determine the effect of using two different ages of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) adults within the first breeding season on reproductive tests under standard Toxic Substances Control Act avian reproductive guide-lines. The adult age groups were 7 and 11 months at test initiation. The test chemical was an organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos. The parameters evaluated included food consumption, adult body weight, brain acetylcholinesterase levels, egg production, fertility, hatchability, egg shell thickness, egg weight, and duckling survival and weight. Chlorpyrifos exposure reduced adult body weight, brain acetylcholinesterase activity, egg production, egg shell thickness, egg weight, and day 0 duckling weight in both age groups. Statistically, adult age affected only duckling day 14 weight. However, three of the 7-month hens produced phenotypically different ducklings, suggesting the presence of a different genotype which may have impacted the day 14 weight. Overall age ranging between 7 and 11 months at test initiation did not affect this mallard reproductive test. In addition, the results of this study demonstrate the importance of using phenotypicaily and genotypically similar test birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054922
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