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  • 1
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    Richter's syndrome with different immunoglobulin light chains and different heavy chain gene rearrangements (1984)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-01
    Description: In a patient with Richter's syndrome, the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) expressed lambda, mu, and delta immunoglobulin (lg) chains and the non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) kappa, mu, and delta lg chains. The difference in lg light chain expression suggests that the CLL and NHL are independent malignancies, or that the oncogenic event occurred in a B cell differentiation stage after the heavy chain gene rearrangements but before the selection of the light chain. Analysis of DNA by Southern blotting revealed that the lg heavy chain genes of the two malignancies were rearranged in a different way. We therefore conclude that in this patient the NHL cannot be regarded as a progression of the CLL but should most likely be considered as an independent B cell malignancy, which arose in a susceptible host.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 2
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    Localization of the human c-sis oncogene in Ph1-positive and Ph1- negative chronic myelocytic leukemia by in situ hybridization (1984)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-01
    Description: Oncogenes are a group of evolutionary conserved cellular genes (c-onc) homologous to the transforming genes of oncogenic retroviruses (v-onc). Some of them are localized near the breakpoints of specific chromosomal aberrations occurring in various neoplasms, as for example the Philadelphia translocation, t(9;22)(q34;q11), in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Recently, we localized the human c-abl oncogene to chromosome region 9q34 and demonstrated a translocation of this gene to the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1,22q-) in various forms of Ph1- positive, but not Ph1-negative, chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Another human oncogene, c-sis, is located on chromosome 22 and was recently reported to be transferred to chromosome 9q+ in one CML patient. We have now studied 2 CML patients with classic and variant types of Ph1 translocation, one Ph1-negative case, and a healthy control using in situ hybridization of a c-sis probe to metaphase chromosomes. These studies show that c-sis: (1) is localized to region 22q12.3-q13.1, far away from the breakpoint region 22q11 in CML, (2) segregates with the translocated part of chromosome 22 to different chromosomes in Ph1-positive patients, and (3) remains on chromosome 22 in the Ph1-negative case. Therefore, these data give no support for an active role of the c-sis gene in the generation of CML. Thus, if either of these two oncogenes is involved in the development of Ph1-positive CML, c-abl appears to be the more important one.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 3
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    Ex vivo selective isolation of young red blood cells using the IBM-2991 cell washer (1983)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-01
    Description: Transfusion-induced hemochromatosis is a major complication in the therapy of severe chronic anemia. Improvement of transfused cell survival with a reduction in transfusion frequency is one possible approach to this problem. Using continuous-flow centrifugation (CFC), young red blood cells (YRBC) with enhanced in vivo survival have been isolated, but the expense and donor time required with this technique prohibit its widespread use for patient support. We studied the use of the IBM 2991 cell washer (CW) to isolate YRBC ex vivo from previously collected donor blood. Age-dependent red cell separation could be achieved using this instrumentation. Autologous mean red cell half-life (RBC-T50) (n = 9) for the younger cell fractions was 43.9 +/- 7.8 days compared to 34.7 +/- 5.8 days for the older cell fractions (n = 6, p less than 0.05). Paired measurement of RBC-T50 for young and old fractions in three donors showed an average survival increase of 41% for the YRBC. Adequate quantities of YRBC with enhanced survival can be obtained with less cost and less donor stress using the CW system compared to CFC. This approach could improve the management of patients with chronic transfusion requirements and merits further examination.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 4
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    A monoclonal antibody to VIII:C produced by a mouse hybridoma (1981)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-01
    Description: Spleen cells of a BALB/c mouse immunized with factor VIII procoagulant activity (VIII:C) (isolated by affinity chromatography) were fused with mouse myeloma cells (P3 x 63 Ag8). After the fusion 12/32 wells produced an inhibitor to VIII:C. Cells from one well (1B3) were subcloned four times in order to isolate the hybridoma that produces the anti-VIII:C antibody. Injection of hybridoma cells in pristane pretreated BALB/c mice results in anti-VIII:C titers of 5000–10,000 Bethesda U/ml. Analysis of the produced immunoglobulin demonstrated heavy chains of IgG1 (produced by the myeloma cell line) and IgG2b subclass. The 1B3 antibody neutralizes VIII:C in LMW FVIII, crysosupernatant, cryoprecipitate, and normal plasma. It was found that binding of the IgG to FVIII results in a delay in its activation and not in an inhibition of its cofactor activity. The antibody removes VIII:C from pooled normal plasma when coupled to Sepharose; when coupled to plastic tubes, it binds VIIICAG from isolated VIII:C, purified FVIII, and pooled normal plasma; it does not bind VIIIR:AG, fibrogen, or serum VIIICAG. The 1B3 antibody can be used successfully in an IRMA for VIIICAG.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 5
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    Selective isolation of young erythrocytes for transfusion support of thalassemia major patients (1981)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-01
    Description: Transfusion-induced hemochromatosis remains a major therapeutic complication in the management of thalassemia major patients. Using available blood cell component separators, a system has been devised to selectively harvest young red cells from transfusion support of these subjects. Red cell units isolated by this method have an average estimated mean cell age of 30 days, compared to 60 days for unfractionated blood, and contain 80% of the hemoglobin content of standard red cell units. Radiochromium half-life for young cells measured in 7 asplenic thalassemia major patients averaged 47.4 days compared to 29.5 days for routine frozen red cells. The enhanced survival is not due to reticulocyte enrichment alone, but represents a true cohort of younger red cells. Although costly, this modality could theoretically halve the transfusion requirement in transfusion- dependent patients. When combined with modern iron chelator regimens, it may be possible to achieve consistently negative iron balance prior to the onset of hemochromatosis.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 6
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    Somatic cell hybrid analyses of hematopoietic differentiation (1981)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-01
    Description: A differentiated cell expresses an entire set of specialized features. Somatic cell hybridization provides a method to examine control of gene regulation. We studied the expression of tissue-specific features in hybrids between human promyelocytes (HL-60) and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells (P3HR-1). Two hybrid lines, HP-1 and HP-2, and 18 hybrid clones were established and confirmed by karyotype, isozyme, and surface antigen analyses. The hybrids extinguished the 10 myeloid (HL- 60) features that we examined including myeloid morphology, histochemistry, and functions that included response to colony- stimulating factor and ability to differentiate to granulocytes or macrophages. In contrast, the hybrids synthesized immunoglobulin and expressed Epstein-Barr nuclear, early, and viral capsid antigens similar to the P3HR-1 lymphoid parental line. Results are contrasted to the findings when P3HR-1 lymphocytes are fused to human erythroid- myeloid cells (K562). Taken together, our results suggest that phenotypic differences between human myeloid and lymphoid cells in the hematopoietic lineage involve mutually exclusive programs and may possibly be mediated by the activity of diffusible, transacting molecules.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    Myeloproliferative syndrome induced by MPSV in DBA/2 mice: presence of a mixed-colonies promoting activity (MPA) in the spleen (1983)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-01
    Description: The myeloproliferative syndrome induced by the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) in DBA/2 mice stimulates the proliferation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) and of progenitors committed toward granulomacrophagic and erythroid cell lines. This stimulation may result from a direct effect of the MPSV on HSC or from an indirect effect via locally secreted factors. Normal isogenic bone marrow cells were incubated in the mixed colony-forming unit system in semisolid medium supplemented with conditioned media obtained after incubating neoplastic spleen cells for 3 days at 37 degrees C. These spleen conditioned media contain an activity that is physically separable from MPSV by ultracentrifugation and which, in the presence of a very low quantity of erythropoietin, can induce in vitro the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent HSC, detected by this Mix-CFU technique. We termed this activity mixed-colonies promoting activity (MPA). These results suggest that the hyperplasia of the nonlymphoid hematopoietic system in the neoplastic spleen results from an indirect effect of the MPSV on pluripotent HSC via locally secreted factors.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    Localization of the human c-sis oncogene in Ph1-positive and Ph1- negative chronic myelocytic leukemia by in situ hybridization (1984)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-01
    Description: Oncogenes are a group of evolutionary conserved cellular genes (c-onc) homologous to the transforming genes of oncogenic retroviruses (v-onc). Some of them are localized near the breakpoints of specific chromosomal aberrations occurring in various neoplasms, as for example the Philadelphia translocation, t(9;22)(q34;q11), in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Recently, we localized the human c-abl oncogene to chromosome region 9q34 and demonstrated a translocation of this gene to the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1,22q-) in various forms of Ph1- positive, but not Ph1-negative, chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Another human oncogene, c-sis, is located on chromosome 22 and was recently reported to be transferred to chromosome 9q+ in one CML patient. We have now studied 2 CML patients with classic and variant types of Ph1 translocation, one Ph1-negative case, and a healthy control using in situ hybridization of a c-sis probe to metaphase chromosomes. These studies show that c-sis: (1) is localized to region 22q12.3-q13.1, far away from the breakpoint region 22q11 in CML, (2) segregates with the translocated part of chromosome 22 to different chromosomes in Ph1-positive patients, and (3) remains on chromosome 22 in the Ph1-negative case. Therefore, these data give no support for an active role of the c-sis gene in the generation of CML. Thus, if either of these two oncogenes is involved in the development of Ph1-positive CML, c-abl appears to be the more important one.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Somatic cell hybrid analyses of hematopoietic differentiation (1981)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-01
    Description: A differentiated cell expresses an entire set of specialized features. Somatic cell hybridization provides a method to examine control of gene regulation. We studied the expression of tissue-specific features in hybrids between human promyelocytes (HL-60) and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells (P3HR-1). Two hybrid lines, HP-1 and HP-2, and 18 hybrid clones were established and confirmed by karyotype, isozyme, and surface antigen analyses. The hybrids extinguished the 10 myeloid (HL- 60) features that we examined including myeloid morphology, histochemistry, and functions that included response to colony- stimulating factor and ability to differentiate to granulocytes or macrophages. In contrast, the hybrids synthesized immunoglobulin and expressed Epstein-Barr nuclear, early, and viral capsid antigens similar to the P3HR-1 lymphoid parental line. Results are contrasted to the findings when P3HR-1 lymphocytes are fused to human erythroid- myeloid cells (K562). Taken together, our results suggest that phenotypic differences between human myeloid and lymphoid cells in the hematopoietic lineage involve mutually exclusive programs and may possibly be mediated by the activity of diffusible, transacting molecules.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Selective isolation of young erythrocytes for transfusion support of thalassemia major patients (1981)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-01
    Description: Transfusion-induced hemochromatosis remains a major therapeutic complication in the management of thalassemia major patients. Using available blood cell component separators, a system has been devised to selectively harvest young red cells from transfusion support of these subjects. Red cell units isolated by this method have an average estimated mean cell age of 30 days, compared to 60 days for unfractionated blood, and contain 80% of the hemoglobin content of standard red cell units. Radiochromium half-life for young cells measured in 7 asplenic thalassemia major patients averaged 47.4 days compared to 29.5 days for routine frozen red cells. The enhanced survival is not due to reticulocyte enrichment alone, but represents a true cohort of younger red cells. Although costly, this modality could theoretically halve the transfusion requirement in transfusion- dependent patients. When combined with modern iron chelator regimens, it may be possible to achieve consistently negative iron balance prior to the onset of hemochromatosis.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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