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  • 1
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    A Metabolic Study on Colon Cancer Using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-15
    Description: Background. Colorectal carcinoma is the third cause of cancer deaths in the world. For diagnosis, invasive methods like colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy are used, and noninvasive screening tests are not very accurate. We decided to study the potential of 1HNMR spectroscopy with metabolomics and chemometrics as a preliminary noninvasive test. We obtained a distinguishing pattern of metabolites and metabolic pathways between colon cancer patient and normal. Methods. Sera were obtained from confirmed colon cancer patients and the same number of healthy controls. Samples were sent for 1HNMR spectroscopy and analysis was carried out Chenomex and MATLAB software. Metabolites were identified using Human Metabolic Data Base (HDMB) and the main metabolic cycles were identified using Metaboanalyst software. Results. 15 metabolites were identified such as pyridoxine, orotidine, and taurocholic acid. Main metabolic cycles involved were the bile acid biosynthesis, vitamin B6 metabolism, methane metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. Discussion. The main detected metabolic cycles were also reported earlier in different cancers. Our observations corroborated earlier studies that suggest the importance of lowering serum LCA/DCA and increasing vitamin B6 intake to help prevent colon cancer. This work can be looked upon as a preliminary step in using 1HNMR analysis as a screening test before invasive procedures.
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
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    Noise Reduction Evaluation of Multi-Layered Viscoelastic Infinite Cylinder under Acoustical Wave Excitation (2008)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-01
    Description: In this paper sound transmission through the multilayered viscoelastic air filled cylinders subjected to the incident acoustic wave is studied using the technique of separation of variables on the basis of linear three dimensional theory of elasticity. The effect of interior acoustic medium on the mode maps (frequency vs geometry) and noise reduction is investigated. The effects of internal absorption and external moving medium on noise reduction are also evaluated. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of the structure are rigorously taken into account with a power law technique that models the viscoelastic damping of the cylinder. A parametric study is also performed for the two layered infinite cylinders to obtain the effect of viscoelastic layer characteristics such as thickness, material type and frequency dependency of viscoelastic properties on the noise reduction. It is shown that using constant and frequency dependent viscoelastic material with high loss factor leads to the uniform noise reduction in the frequency domain. It is also shown that the noise reduction obtained for constant viscoelastic material property is subjected to some errors in the low frequency range with respect to those obtained for the frequency dependent viscoelastic material.Noise reduction analyses are also performed for the infinite cylinder subjected to the periodic incident wave with uniform and piecewise form.
    Print ISSN: 1070-9622
    Electronic ISSN: 1875-9203
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 3
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    Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace Amounts of Uranium(VI) in Environmental Water Samples Using an Extractant-Impregnated Resin Followed by Detection with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry (2013)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-01
    Description: A stable extractant-impregnated resin (EIR) containing Chrome Azurol B was prepared using Amberlite XAD-2010 as a porous polymeric support. The new EIR was employed for trace separation and preconcentration of U(VI) ion followed by spectrophotometric determination with the arsenazo III procedure. CAB/XAD-2010 exhibited excellent selectivity for U(VI) ion over coexisting ions. Experimental parameters including pH, contact time, shaking speed, and ionic strength were investigated by batch extraction methods. Maximum sorption of U(VI) ions occurred at pH 4.3–6.9. The capacity of EIR was found to be 0.632 mmol·g−1. Equilibrium was reached in 25 min and the loading half-time,t1/2, was less than 6 min. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm of U(VI) was fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model. In addition, a column packed with CAB/XAD-2010 was used for column-mode separation and preconcentration of U(VI) ion. For the optimization of the dynamic procedure, effects of sample volume, sample and eluent flow rate, eluent concentration, and its volume were investigated. The preconcentration factors for U(VI) were found out to be 160. But, for convenience, a preconcentration factor of 150 was utilized for the column-mode preconcentration. The dynamic procedure gave a detection limit of5.0×10-10 mol·L−1(0.12 μg·L−1) for U(VI) ion. The proposed dynamic method showed good performance in analyzing environmental water samples.
    Print ISSN: 2090-9063
    Electronic ISSN: 2090-9071
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 4
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    A Metabolic Study on Colon Cancer Using1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-01
    Description: Background. Colorectal carcinoma is the third cause of cancer deaths in the world. For diagnosis, invasive methods like colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy are used, and noninvasive screening tests are not very accurate. We decided to study the potential of1HNMR spectroscopy with metabolomics and chemometrics as a preliminary noninvasive test. We obtained a distinguishing pattern of metabolites and metabolic pathways between colon cancer patient and normal.Methods. Sera were obtained from confirmed colon cancer patients and the same number of healthy controls. Samples were sent for1HNMR spectroscopy and analysis was carried out Chenomex and MATLAB software. Metabolites were identified using Human Metabolic Data Base (HDMB) and the main metabolic cycles were identified using Metaboanalyst software.Results. 15 metabolites were identified such as pyridoxine, orotidine, and taurocholic acid. Main metabolic cycles involved were the bile acid biosynthesis, vitamin B6 metabolism, methane metabolism, and glutathione metabolism.Discussion. The main detected metabolic cycles were also reported earlier in different cancers. Our observations corroborated earlier studies that suggest the importance of lowering serum LCA/DCA and increasing vitamin B6 intake to help prevent colon cancer. This work can be looked upon as a preliminary step in using1HNMR analysis as a screening test before invasive procedures.
    Print ISSN: 2090-2247
    Electronic ISSN: 2090-2255
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
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    Solution of Lane-Emden Type Equations by Combination of the Spectral Method and Adomian Decomposition Method (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-29
    Description: The application of a new modified Adomian decomposition method for obtaining the analytic solution of Lane-Emden type equations is investigated. The proposed method, called the spectral Adomian decomposition method, is based on a combination of spectral method and Adomian decomposition method. A comparative study between the proposed method and Adomian decomposition method is presented. The obtained result reveals that method is of higher efficiency, validity, and accuracy.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 6
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    A Circuit-Model-Navigated Design Process and Efficiency Estimation for Short-Circuited Self-Excited EBG Resonator Antenna (2016)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: The paper presents a circuit model for the computationally efficient design of a planar Short-Circuited Self-Excited EBG Resonator Antenna (SC SE-EBG-RA). To this purpose, the same circuit model previously presented for the Open-Circuited version of the antenna is modified to be applicable to the SC version. Detailed HFSS modeling and simulation corroborate the accuracy of the model in predicting the antenna resonance. The efficiency of the designed antenna is calculated by a simulated Wheeler Cap Method (WCM) and is compared with the standard efficiency given by the numerical analyzer. The EM modeling is arranged so as to incorporate the effects of the SMA connector, discontinuities, and the WC, emulating a real WC measurement and yielding a high degree of confidence in the results. Overall, a small antenna sized with 93% verified efficiency is achieved, which is also compiled with affordable manufacturing processes.
    Print ISSN: 1687-5869
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-5877
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 7
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    MHD Flow of an Incompressible Viscous Fluid through Convergent or Divergent Channels in Presence of a High Magnetic Field (2012)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-10
    Description: The flow of an incompressible electrically conducting viscous fluid in convergent or divergent channels under the influence of an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field is studied both analytically and numerically. Navier-Stokes equations of fluid mechanics and Maxwell’s electromagnetism equations are reduced into highly non-linear ordinary differential equation. The resulting non-linear equation has been solved analytically using a very efficient technique, namely, differential transform method (DTM). The DTM solution is compared with the results obtained by a numerical method (shooting method, coupled with fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme). The plots have revealed the physical characteristics of flow by changing angles of the channel, Hartmann and Reynolds numbers.
    Print ISSN: 1110-757X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-0042
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
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    Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Heterogeneous Networking Using Iterative Gauss-Seidel Process (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-02
    Description: Heterogeneous networks with dense deployment of small cells can employ cognitive features to efficiently utilize the available spectrum resources. Spectrum sensing is the key enabler for cognitive radio to detect the unoccupied channels for data transmission. In order to deal with shadowing and multipath fading in sensing channels, cooperative spectrum sensing is designed to increase the accuracy of the sensed signal. In this paper, an optimized local decision rule is implemented for the case that the received data from primary users are possibly correlated due to the sensing channel impairments. Since the prior information is unavailable in the real systems, Neyman-Pearson criterion is used as the cost function. Then, a discrete iterative algorithm based on Gauss-Seidel process is applied to optimize the local cognitive user decision rules under a fixed fusion rule. This method with low complexity can minimize the cost using the golden section search method in a finite number of iterations. ROC curves are depicted using the achieved probability of detection and false alarm by numerical examples to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results also confirm the superiority of the proposed method compared to the conventional topologies and decision rules.
    Print ISSN: 1550-1329
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-1477
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 9
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    Effect of a Bonded Patch on Aeroelastic Behavior of Cantilevered Plates (2011)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-01
    Description: In recent years, many researchers have studied vibration suppression of fluttering plates using piezoelectric actuators. Lots of these researchers have focused on optimal placement of piezoelectric patches to obtain maximum controllability. Although mass and stiffness characteristics of bonded patches can alter aeroelastic behavior of fluttering plates, few of them considered the effect of the mentioned parameters in optimization process. This paper investigates effect of a bonded patch on aeroelastic behavior of cantilevered plates in supersonic flow. For this purpose, critical dynamic pressure and limit-cycle oscillations of the system are studied. Von Karman plate theory along with first order piston theory is employed for mathematical simulation of the system. Obtained results reveal that a bonded patch with a small mass ratio can change the system critical dynamic pressure significantly, where the main part of the variations is resulted from the added mass of the bonded patch. The maximum raise of dynamic pressure is acquired when the patch is placed on the plate’s leading edge. The results show that mass and stiffness characteristics of bonded piezoelectric patches can have a great impact on aeroelastic performance of fluttering plates. Therefore, these parameters must be considered as effective factors for optimal placement of piezo-actuators.
    Print ISSN: 1110-757X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-0042
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 10
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    A Structured Approach to Solve the Inverse Eigenvalue Problem for a Beam with Added Mass (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-12
    Description: The problem of determining the eigenvalues of a vibrational system having multiple lumped attachments has been investigated extensively. However, most of the research conducted in this field focuses on determining the natural frequencies of the combined system assuming that the characteristics of the combined vibrational system are known (forward problem). A problem of great interest from the point of view of engineering design is the ability to impose certain frequencies on the vibrational system or to avoid certain frequencies by modifying the characteristics of the vibrational system (inverse problem). In this paper, a method to impose two natural frequencies on a dynamical system consisting of an Euler-Bernoulli beam and carrying a single mass attachment is evaluated.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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