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  • Articles  (170)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (102)
  • American Physical Society (APS)  (68)
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  • Articles  (170)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 179-196 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: To examine the importance of the aromatic side chains of enkephalin on opiate activity, we report the synthesis and conformational analysis of a series of analogues related to enkephalin with β-naphthylalanine in place of phenylalanine at the fourth position. Three linear analogues (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-(L and D)-β Nal(1)-Leu-NH2 and Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-β Nal(2)-Leu-NH2) were initially synthesized to examine the effect of the substitution on biological activity. The increased activity of these peptides at the μ-opiate receptor, compared to native Leu-enkephalin, prompted us to examine the more conformational constrained analogues, Tr-c[D-A2bu-Gly-(L and D)-β Nal(1)-Leu], incorporating a α,γ-diaminobutyric acid at the second position and cyclization to the carboxylic end of the leucine. These two cyclic analogues provide insight into the necessity for the L chirality of the aromatic residue at position 4. The Tyr-c[D-A2bu-Gly-L-β Nal(1)-Leu] analogue is highly potent and displays a slight preference for the μ receptor. The conformational analysis indicates that despite the high flexibility of the tyrosine side chain, the aromatic rings of the tyrosine and naphthylalanine are relatively distant from each other. The presence of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds help maintain the conformation of the 14-membered backbone ring that keeps the side chains directed away from each other. These findings are in agreement with our model of an extended structure required for μ selectivity and a folded form with close aromatic ring placement for δ selectivity.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadiene to a number of 2-cycloalkenones proved to be quite a general reaction leading to good yields of the cycloadducts (Table). This finding is surprising since dienes, in general, are better known as quenchers of enone triplets rather than as photochemical reactants. Both the high substrate concentrations, which can be employed in these cycloadditions, and the remarkable regio and stereoselectivity of the processes qualify them as valuable for syntheses. In a first application, the photoproducts 1a, b were transformed in three steps into a viable precursor 4 of the pentalenolactone-G and -H antibiotics.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 38 (1990), S. 461-486 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This study is a unified approach to quantum theories of polyacen carcinogenesis. Part I discusses the M, L, and B regions theory. Although the M region of polyacens is much less reactive than is the K region, the chemical reactivity of these two regions parallels each other. Consequently, the K-L Pullman's theory may be reformulated by replacing the K region by the M region. The M-L regions theory improves all the quantum structure-carcinogenic activity relationships obtained previously in the K-L framework. Moreover, it would appear that in these correlations, the most important role is played by nonconcerted electrophilic reactions. We suggest that the M-L modified Pullman's theory and the Bay (B) region theory, proposed by Jerina et al., are related to different steps of the metabolic activation mechanism leading to ultimate carcinogen: the first step for the Pullman's theory and the carbocation step for the theory of the Bay region. We have termed the “M, L and B regions theory” as this unified approach to the problem of polyacens carcinogenesis.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1979), S. 961-986 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An updated Lagrangian and a total Lagrangian formulation of a three-dimensional beam element are presented for large displacement and large rotation analysis. It is shown that the two formulations yield identical element stiffness matrices and nodal point force vectors, and that the updated Lagragian formulation is computationally more effective. This formulation has been implemented and the resulted of some sample analyses are given.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 405-414 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In both thermal emulsion polymerization of styrene in the temperature range 60-80 °C, and peroxodisulfate-initiated polymerization at 60 °C, weight-average to number-average molecular-weight ratios (M̄w/M̄n) approach 1,5 when potassium octadecanoate is used as emulsifier. A low activation energy for thermal initiation (≈66,0 kJ/mol) was deduced which may indicate a catalytic effect of the emulsifier during the thermal initiation process. Participation of the emulsifier is probably attributed to a transfer of one of two monomer radicals, produced thermally, to the emulsifier, with subsequent desorption to the aqueous phase, leaving one radical in the polymerization locus.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 27 (1989), S. 433-436 
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 1407-1412 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: radiochemical grafting ; anion exchange membrane ; acid dialysis ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the preirradiation technique a kinetic study of the grafting of the 4-vinyl pyridine (V4P) and an aliphatic ammonium monomer (ALAM) onto the copolymer film of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) has been performed. The influence of dose, temperature, and concentration of monomer, reticular agent, and inhibitor were investigated. The results are discussed on the basis of the interactions between monomer diffusibility and viscosity of the medium. The characteristics of some membranes were determined. Their applicability to the recovery of acid by dialysis is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 2146-2147 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 2055-2059 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 29 (1987), S. 355-357 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An identifiedEnterobacter aerogenesutilizing methanol as a sole carbon source was studied for the optimization of biomass production and the reduction of its nucleic acid content. Results indicated that the highest yield and conversion were obtained at 0.5% methanol. The addition of seawater as a source of trace elements has an adverse effect. However, the addition of urea as source of nitrogen enhanced the growth of E. aerogenes. Heat shock at 60°C for 1 min followed by incubation at 50°C for 2 h caused 72.6% reduction in the nucleic acid.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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