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  • Copernicus  (20)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • PANGAEA
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Keywords
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Mangelsdorf, Kai; Zink, Klaus-Gerhard; di Primio, Rolando; Horsfield, Brian (2011): Microbial lipid markers within and adjacent to Challenger Mound in the Belgica carbonate mound province, Porcupine Basin, offshore Ireland (IODP Expedition 307). Marine Geology, 282(1-2), 91-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.05.007
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: During the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 307 for the first time a cold-water coral carbonate mound was drilled down through its base into the underlying sediments. In the current study, sample material from within and below Challenger Mound, located in the Belgica carbonate mound province in the Porcupine Basin offshore Ireland, was investigated for its distribution of microbial communities and gas composition using biogeochemical and geochemical approaches to elucidate the question on the initiation of carbonate mounds. Past and living microbial populations are lower in the mound section compared to the underlying sediments or sediments of an upslope reference site. A reason for this might be a reduced substrate feedstock, reflected by low total organic carbon (TOC) contents, in the once coral dominated mound sequence. In contrast, in the reference site a lithostratigraphic sequence with comparatively high TOC contents shows higher abundances of both past and present microbial communities, indicating favourable living conditions from time of sedimentation until today. Composition and isotopic values of gases below the mound base seem to point to a mixed gas of biogenic and thermogenic origin with a higher proportion of biogenic gas. Oil-derived hydrocarbons were not detected at the mound site. This suggests that at least in the investigated part of the mound base the upward flow of fossil hydrocarbons, being one hypothesis for the initiation of the formation of carbonate mounds, seems to be only of minor significance.
    Keywords: 307-U1317A; 307-U1317D; 307-U1318A; 307-U1318B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Exp307; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Porcupine Basin Carbonate Mounds
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 307-U1317A; 307-U1317D; C1/(C2+C3) hydrocarbon ratio; Carbon dioxide; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Ethane; Event label; Exp307; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Isobutane; Isobutane/n-Butane ratio; Joides Resolution; Methane; n-Butane; Porcupine Basin Carbonate Mounds; Propane; Sample code/label; δ13C, methane; δ Deuterium, methane
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 158 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 307-U1318A; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Exp307; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Phosphatidylethanolamine, per unit mass total organic carbon; Phosphatidylethanolamine, per unit sediment dry mass; Phosphatidylglycerol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Phosphatidylglycerol, per unit sediment dry mass; Phospholipids, per unit mass total organic carbon; Phospholipids, per unit sediment dry mass; Porcupine Basin Carbonate Mounds; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 54 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Keywords: 307-U1317A; 307-U1317D; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp307; Hopane, alpha/beta, per unit sediment dry mass; Hopane, alpha/beta, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Hopane, alpha/beta, total organic carbon; Hopane, beta/beta, per unit sediment dry mass; Hopane, beta/beta, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Hopane, beta/beta, total organic carbon; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; n-Alkane C23-35, per unit sediment dry mass; n-Alkane C23-35, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; n-Alkane C23-35, total organic carbon; Porcupine Basin Carbonate Mounds; Sample code/label; Total hopanoids, per unit sediment dry mass; Total hopanoids, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Total hopanoids, total organic carbon; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 318 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Keywords: 307-U1318A; 307-U1318B; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp307; Hopane, alpha/beta, per unit sediment dry mass; Hopane, alpha/beta, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Hopane, alpha/beta, total organic carbon; Hopane, beta/beta, per unit sediment dry mass; Hopane, beta/beta, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Hopane, beta/beta, total organic carbon; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Joides Resolution; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta-E; n-Alkane C23-35, per unit sediment dry mass; n-Alkane C23-35, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; n-Alkane C23-35, total organic carbon; Porcupine Basin Carbonate Mounds; Sample code/label; Total hopanoids, per unit sediment dry mass; Total hopanoids, per unit sediment dry mass on a carbonate free base; Total hopanoids, total organic carbon; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 180 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 190-1173A; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, total; Carbon dioxide yield, S3 per unit sediment mass; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Hydrocarbon yield, S1 per unit sediment mass; Hydrocarbon yield, S2 per unit sediment mass; Hydrogen index, mass HC, per unit mass total organic carbon; Joides Resolution; Leg190; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Oxygen index, mass CO2, per unit mass total organic carbon; Philippine Sea; Pyrolysis temperature maximum; Rock eval pyrolysis (Behar et al., 2001); Sample code/label; Sulfur, total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 100 data points
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Horsfield, Brian; Schenk, H J; Zink, Klaus-Gerhard; Ondrak, Robert; Dieckmann, V; Kallmeyer, Jens; Mangelsdorf, Kai; di Primio, Rolando; Wilkes, Heinz; Parkes, R John; Cragg, Barry A (2006): Living microbial ecosystems within the active zone of catagenesis: Implications for feeding the deep biosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 246(1-2), 55-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.03.040
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Earth's largest reactive carbon pool, marine sedimentary organic matter, becomes increasingly recalcitrant during burial, making it almost inaccessible as a substrate for microorganisms, and thereby limiting metabolic activity in the deep biosphere. Because elevated temperature acting over geological time leads to the massive thermal breakdown of the organic matter into volatiles, including petroleum, the question arises whether microorganisms can directly utilize these maturation products as a substrate. While migrated thermogenic fluids are known to sustain microbial consortia in shallow sediments, an in situ coupling of abiotic generation and microbial utilization has not been demonstrated. Here we show, using a combination of basin modelling, kinetic modelling, geomicrobiology and biogeochemistry, that microorganisms inhabit the active generation zone in the Nankai Trough, offshore Japan. Three sites from ODP Leg 190 have been evaluated, namely 1173, 1174 and 1177, drilled in nearly undeformed Quaternary and Tertiary sedimentary sequences seaward of the Nankai Trough itself. Paleotemperatures were reconstructed based on subsidence profiles, compaction modelling, present-day heat flow, downhole temperature measurements and organic maturity parameters. Today's heat flow distribution can be considered mainly conductive, and is extremely high in places, reaching 180 mW/m**2. The kinetic parameters describing total hydrocarbon generation, determined by laboratory pyrolysis experiments, were utilized by the model in order to predict the timing of generation in time and space. The model predicts that the onset of present day generation lies between 300 and 500 m below sea floor (5100-5300 m below mean sea level), depending on well location. In the case of Site 1174, 5-10% conversion has taken place by a present day temperature of ca. 85 °C. Predictions were largely validated by on-site hydrocarbon gas measurements. Viable organisms in the same depth range have been proven using 14C-radiolabelled substrates for methanogenesis, bacterial cell counts and intact phospholipids. Altogether, these results point to an overlap of abiotic thermal degradation reactions going on in the same part of the sedimentary column as where a deep biosphere exists. The organic matter preserved in Nankai Trough sediments is of the type that generates putative feedstocks for microbial activity, namely oxygenated compounds and hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the rates of thermal degradation calculated from the kinetic model closely resemble rates of respiration and electron donor consumption independently measured in other deep biosphere environments. We deduce that abiotically driven degradation reactions have provided substrates for microbial activity in deep sediments at this convergent continental margin.
    Keywords: 190-1173A; 190-1174; 190-1177A; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg190; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Philippine Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zink, Klaus-Gerhard; Wilkes, Heinz; Disko, Ulrich; Elvert, Marcus; Horsfield, Brian (2003): Intact phospholipids - microbial life markers in marine deep subsurface sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 34(6), 755-769, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(03)00041-X
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Deep subsurface sediments from the Nankai Trough, Japan Sea, ODP Leg 190, sites 1173, 1174, 1177, and near-surface sediments from Hydrate Ridge, NE-Pacific have been analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–electrospray ionisation (ESI)-mass spectrometry (MS). The main objective was to utilize the presence of intact phospholipids as a direct indicator of viable microorganisms. The extracts of Nankai Trough sediments were found to contain a variety of phospholipid (PL) structures, well-known to stem from microorganisms, to depths as great as 745 mbsf and in situ temperatures as high as 85 °C. In addition, high relative amounts of lysophospholipids (e.g. lysophosphatidylcholines) exceeding those of the regular phospholipids were detected. Diglyceride mass fragments of various PLs have been assigned to fatty acyl side-chains of typical chain length (C14, C16, C18, C20) and degree of unsaturation (zero, one or two double bonds). Similar results were obtained for the phospholipid distribution in extracts of organic matter-rich Hydrate Ridge sediments. To date, the enhanced occurrence of lysophospholipids cannot be explained completely but a response to increasing thermal and ecological stress seems probable.
    Keywords: 190-1173A; 190-1174; 190-1177A; Carbon, organic, total; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Extract; Joides Resolution; Leg190; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Philippine Sea; Phospholipids, per unit mass total organic carbon; Phospholipids per unit sediment mass; Sample code/label; Sample mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 91 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 190-1177A; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, total; Carbon dioxide yield, S3 per unit sediment mass; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Hydrocarbon yield, S1 per unit sediment mass; Hydrocarbon yield, S2 per unit sediment mass; Hydrogen index, mass HC, per unit mass total organic carbon; Joides Resolution; Leg190; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Oxygen index, mass CO2, per unit mass total organic carbon; Philippine Sea; Pyrolysis temperature maximum; Rock eval pyrolysis (Behar et al., 2001); Sample code/label; Sulfur, total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 110 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 190-1174; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, total; Carbon dioxide yield, S3 per unit sediment mass; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Hydrocarbon yield, S1 per unit sediment mass; Hydrocarbon yield, S2 per unit sediment mass; Hydrogen index, mass HC, per unit mass total organic carbon; Joides Resolution; Leg190; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Oxygen index, mass CO2, per unit mass total organic carbon; Philippine Sea; Pyrolysis temperature maximum; Rock eval pyrolysis (Behar et al., 2001); Sample code/label; Sulfur, total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 150 data points
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