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  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2005-07-15
    Description: In the last half of the twentieth century, the precipitation regime on the Spanish east coast showed an overall pattern of reduction in precipitation totals. This work presents the results from a novel procedure to disaggregate the precipitation series in the Valencia region on the basis of their meteorological origin. Important differences are found between specific trends and changes in the contributions from 1) Atlantic frontal systems, 2) convective–orographic storms, and 3) easterly advections over the Mediterranean Sea (backdoor cold fronts). The series for the three components are then used to analyze the evolution, variability, and spatial distribution of the region’s rainfall and to determine the correlations with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. The results establish significant differences between inland areas, with a trend toward decreasing precipitation and thus increasing aridity, and coastal areas, with increasing precipitation that tends to be progressively more torrential in nature. Likewise, the correlations with the NAO index also change and show opposite signs for the different components.
    Print ISSN: 0894-8755
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0442
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2005-03-01
    Description: Mesometeorological information obtained in several research projects in southern Europe has been used to analyze perceived changes in the western Mediterranean summer storm regime. A procedure was developed to disaggregate daily precipitation data into three main components: frontal precipitation, summer storms, and Mediterranean cyclogenesis. Working hypotheses were derived on the likely processes involved. The results indicate that the precipitation regime in this Mediterranean region is very sensitive to variations in surface airmass temperature and moisture. Land-use perturbations that accumulated over historical time and greatly accelerated in the last 30 yr may have induced changes from an open, monsoon-type regime with frequent summer storms over the mountains inland to one dominated by closed vertical recirculations where feedback mechanisms favor the loss of storms over the coastal mountains and additional heating of the sea surface temperature during summer. This, in turn, favors Mediterranean cyclogenesis and torrential rains in autumn–winter. Because these intense rains and floods can occur anywhere in the basin, perturbations to the hydrological cycle in any part of the basin can propagate to the whole basin and adjacent regions. Furthermore, present levels of air pollutants can produce greenhouse heating, amplifying the perturbations and pushing the system over critical threshold levels. The questions raised are relevant for the new European Union (EU) water policies in southern Europe and for other regions dominated by monsoon-type weather systems.
    Print ISSN: 0894-8755
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0442
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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