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  • 1
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    Observation of manganese deposits in the Bear and Balanus New England Seamounts, Atlantic Ocean (2003)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Moore, J A; Vecchione, M; Hartel, K E; Collette, B B; Galbraight, J K; Gibbons, R; Turnipseed, M; Southworth, M; Watkins, E (2001): Biodiversity of Bear Seamount, New England Seamount Chain: Results of Exploratory Trawling. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization, Scientific Council Meeting - September 2001 (Deep-sea Fisheries Symposium - Oral) NAFO SCR Doc. 01/155, Serial No. N4549, 1-8, https://doi.org/10.2960/J.v31.a28
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-14
    Description: Bear Seamount (39° 55'N, 67° 30'W) is an extinct undersea volcano located inside the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone south of Georges Bank. The fauna associated with the seamount was little known until twenty trawl stations were made 2-7 December 2000, by the NOAA ship Delaware II. The objective of the cruise was to begin to document the biodiversity on and over the seamount, particularly of fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans. Representatives of most species were preserved as vouchers and for subsequent definitive identification. Preliminary identifications indicate the capture of 115 fish species. Among these were a number of new fish records for the area or rare species, including Acromycter pertubator (Congridae), Alepocephalus bairdii (Alepocephalidae), Mirognathus normani (Alepocephalidae), Bathygadus favosus (Bathygadidae), Nezumia longebarbata (Macrouridae), Gaidropsarus argentatus (Phycidae), and Dibranchus tremendus (Ogcocephalidae). Only two fish species of potential commercial importance were encountered: Coryphaenoides rupestris and Macrourus berglax. Cephalopods comprised 26 species in 15 families, including one new distributional record and several rarelycollected species. The crustacean fauna was diverse with at least 46 species. Totals for other invertebrate species are pending laboratory identification, but number at least 113 species in 10 phyla. This includes a number of new distributional records and a new species of gorgonian.
    Keywords: 2754; ALV286; ALV-286; Alvin; AT281; AT281-17; AT281-19; Atlantis (1931); Balanus Seamount, Atlantic Ocean; Bear Seamount, Atlantic Ocean; Comment; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; Dredge; DRG; Event label; Grab; GRAB; Identification; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Position; Quantity of deposit; Sediment type; Substrate type; Visual description
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 29 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Snow Temperature Changes within a Seasonal Snowpack and Their Relationship to Turbulent Fluxes of Sensible and Latent Heat (2014)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: Snowpack temperatures from a subalpine forest below Niwot Ridge, Colorado, are examined with respect to atmospheric conditions and the 30-min above-canopy and subcanopy eddy covariance fluxes of sensible Qh and latent Qe heat. In the lower snowpack, daily snow temperature changes greater than 1°C day−1 occurred about 1–2 times in late winter and early spring, which resulted in transitions to and from an isothermal snowpack. Though air temperature was a primary control on snowpack temperature, rapid snowpack warm-up events were sometimes preceded by strong downslope winds that kept the nighttime air (and canopy) temperature above freezing, thus increasing sensible heat and longwave radiative transfer from the canopy to the snowpack. There was an indication that water vapor condensation on the snow surface intensified the snowpack warm-up. In late winter, subcanopy Qh was typically between −10 and 10 W m−2 and rarely had a magnitude larger than 20 W m−2. The direction of subcanopy Qh was closely related to the canopy temperature and only weakly dependent on the time of day. The daytime subcanopy Qh monthly frequency distribution was near normal, whereas the nighttime distribution was more peaked near zero with a large positive skewness. In contrast, above-canopy Qh was larger in magnitude (100–400 W m−2) and primarily warmed the forest–surface at night and cooled it during the day. Around midday, decoupling of subcanopy and above-canopy air led to an apparent cooling of the snow surface by sensible heat. Sources of uncertainty in the subcanopy eddy covariance flux measurements are suggested. Implications of the observed snowpack temperature changes for future climates are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 1525-755X
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-7541
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 3
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    The Canopy Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (2011)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: The Canopy Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (CHATS) took place in spring 2007 and is the third in the series of Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (HATS) experiments. The HATS experiments have been instrumental in testing and developing subfilterscale (SFS) models for large-eddy simulation (LES) of planetary boundary layer (PBL) turbulence. The CHATS campaign took place in a deciduous walnut orchard near Dixon, California, and was designed to examine the impacts of vegetation on SFS turbulence. Measurements were collected both prior to and following leafout to capture the impact of leaves on the turbulence, stratification, and scalar source/sink distribution. CHATS utilized crosswind arrays of fast-response instrumentation to investigate the impact of the canopy-imposed distribution of momentum extraction and scalar sources on SFS transport of momentum, energy, and three scalars. To directly test and link with PBL parameterizations of canopy-modified turbulent exchange, CHATS also included a 30-m profile tower instrumented with turbulence instrumentation, fast and slow chemical sensors, aerosol samplers, and radiation instrumentation. A highresolution scanning backscatter lidar characterized the turbulence structure above and within the canopy; a scanning Doppler lidar, mini sodar/radio acoustic sounding system (RASS), and a new helicopter-observing platform provided details of the PBL-scale flow. Ultimately, the CHATS dataset will lead to improved parameterizations of energy and scalar transport to and from vegetation, which are a critical component of global and regional land, atmosphere, and chemical models. This manuscript presents an overview of the experiment, documents the regime sampled, and highlights some preliminary key findings.
    Print ISSN: 0003-0007
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0477
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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    PAPER CURRENT
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