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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of B-site cation stoichiometry on electrical fatigue of RuO2//Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3//RuO2 capacitors (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1013-1016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: There have been numerous reports that Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT) thin-film capacitors with RuO2 electrodes and compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary exhibit minimal decrease in switched polarization with electric-field cycling. We show that the fatigue performance of RuO2//PZT//RuO2 capacitors strongly depends on PZT film composition. Specifically, we demonstrate that the rate of polarization fatigue increases with increasing Ti content for PZT thin films of tetragonal crystal symmetry deposited on RuO2 electrodes. As the Ti content of the PZT films increased, the film gain morphology changed from columnar to granular and the volume percent of a fluorite-type second phase decreased. These microstructural trends and the possibility that the electrode material acts as a sink for oxygen vacancies are discussed to explain the fatigue dependence on B-site cation ratio for PZT films with RuO2 electrodes. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360888
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms behind green photoluminescence in ZnO phosphor powders (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7983-7990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We explore the interrelationships between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the paramagnetic oxygen-vacancy density in commercial ZnO phosphors by combining photoluminescence, optical-absorption, and electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopies. We find that the green emission intensity is strongly influenced by free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, particularly for small particles and/or low doping. Our data suggest that the singly ionized oxygen vacancy is responsible for the green emission in ZnO; this emission results from the recombination of a photogenerated hole with the singly ionized charge state of this defect. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362349
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-photon excited photon echo in CdS (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4181-4183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved and integrated degenerated four-wave mixing experiments with two-photon excitation at a wavelength of 600–710 nm on a 30–40 μm thick cadmium sulfide crystal are presented for a temperature range from 5 to 300 K. A photon echo is observed showing quantum beats both at positive and negative delay times τ with a period of 0.7–0.8 ps. The signal decays exponentially with time constants of (approximate)170 fs at τ〉0 and half as large at τ〈0, independent of temperature. The results are discussed in terms of the decay of a high-density gas of e–h pairs, excitons and excitonic molecules highly out of equilibrium. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335847
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 403-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By combining electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, a strong correlation is observed between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the density of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in commercial ZnO phosphor powders. From these results, we demonstrate that free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, and its effect on the ionization state of the oxygen vacancy, can strongly impact the green emission intensity. The relevance of these observations with respect to low-voltage field emission displays is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116699
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of Pb doping on the optical and electronic properties of ZnO powders (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1280-1282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been combined to characterize Pb-doped ZnO ceramic powders. We observe a decrease in the 2.26 eV emission peak and a concomitant smearing of the band edges, narrowing the effective gap of the grains to ≈2 eV with increasing lead content. Both phenomena are at least in part attributed to the formation of a separate PbO-like phase, likely residing at the grain boundaries. The free-carrier concentration in the grains was also observed to decrease with increasing Pb content. Our EPR results suggest that this may be due to electron transfer from oxygen vacancy donors to substitutional Pb centers, acting as electron traps. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114397
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interface compound formation and dependence on In-layer thickness in Ni/In thin-film systems (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 2904-2906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interdiffusion and interface compound formation has been observed at the system Ni/In by using thin-film couples as well as thin In films on low index Ni single-crystal substrates. The method applied was the perturbed γγ-angular correlation technique, which is very sensitive to local structures and their changes around probe atoms. The successive occurrence of different Ni/In compounds could be observed on isochronal annealing above 230 K. A correlation between the appearance of compounds and In film thickness has been found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104717
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