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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (48)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4779-4781 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial (11¯02) Dy/Y rare earth superlattices and a thick (11¯02) Dy film, grown on sapphire with Y/Ta buffer layers, have been prepared by molecular beam epitaxy. Neutron diffraction and SQUID magnetization measurements on a single 200 nm thick (11¯02) Dy layer showed nearly bulk behavior. However, for the (11¯02) Dy/Y superlattices we found different magnetic behavior depending on the relative Dy to Y-layer thickness. The superlattices exhibit both ferromagnetic and helical phases, but with the Néel and Curie temperatures significantly different from bulk Dy. These results differ from previous findings in Dy/Y superlattices grown along [0001]. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6904-6906 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated magnetic order in superlattices of Dy and Sc grown along the hcp c axis by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) techniques. Our neutron diffraction experiments reveal that individual Dy layers order ferromagnetically below Tc∼150 K. The magnetic coherence length along the growth direction is less than the Dy-layer thickness. Previous studies of rare-earth superlattices with Y or Lu as spacer layers have shown that magnetic coherence propagates through sufficiently thin nonmagnetic interlayers. This arises from the long-range exchange interaction that originates from nesting features in the Fermi surface of the spacer material. The lack of coupling in Dy/Sc superlattices reflects the very different Fermi surface of Sc, with much weaker nesting than Y and Lu.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6901-6903 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin dysprosium c-axis films (40–400 A(ring)) were grown coherently between 500-A(ring) lutetium layers by molecular beam epitaxy. Bulk magnetization measurements show that these sandwich structures order magnetically at TN(approximately-equal-to)178 K (=TN of elemental Dy) and undergo ferromagnetic transitions at temperatures which range from 100 K (400 A(ring) Dy) to 175 K (40 A(ring) Dy), significantly enhanced from the bulk TC=85 K. The Dy basal plane lattice parameters in the films were determined by room-temperature x-ray diffraction. We observe a change in these values that correlates with the rise in TC, which suggests that this rise is due to epitaxial strain. The relatively small low-temperature magnetic susceptibility displayed by these samples indicates the presence of a large anisotropy in the basal plane. We address both the issues of the susceptibility and the high ferromagnetic transition temperature.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic exchange coupling in metallic superlattices of [Dy||Er], grown by molecular-beam epitaxy, has been examined by neutron diffraction. In a superlattice of 65-A(ring) layers of Dy and 55-A(ring) layers of Er, distinct ordering temperatures were observed for the Dy and Er layers. Basal plane helical ordering of the Dy layers was initiated at temperatures close to TN for bulk Dy (178 K) with a long-range interaction, preserving both phase and chirality, mediated through the Er layers. At a temperature near 70 K, the helical coupling of the Dy spins is replaced by an antiferromagnetic coupling of adjacent ferromagnetically ordered Dy layers coexisting with a remanent helical order. At a temperature well below TN of bulk Er, c-axis ordering of the Er spins occurs in the superlattice, and in measurements at 10 K there is evidence of basal plane moment ordering in the Er.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of c-axis Er films ranging in thickness from 400 to 9500 A(ring) were grown on lutetium base layers to investigate the effects of epitaxial growth on the magnetic properties of bulk erbium. Neutron diffraction studies show that the basal plane lattice parameter of Er approaches the smaller Lu value as the films are made thinner. Below TN the phase angles of the Er spin modulation are diminished from bulk Er values in the thinner films. For all but two 800-A(ring) films, there is evidence from bulk magnetization and neutron data of a first-order transition to a conical ferromagnetic state, similar to bulk Er. These phenomena are compared to the properties of Er films grown on yttrium, whose basal plane spacing exceeds that of Er. In these systems the turn angles are greater than bulk and the ferromagnetic phase is suppressed. This contrasting behavior is consistent with predictions from a magnetoelastic energy model of epitaxial constraint developed to describe the Er/Y systems.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Bi2Sr2MnOy, isomorphic to the high-Tc compound containing Cu, exhibits a displacement modulation driven by the bending of Bi double layers, thus creating a modulated environment for the magnetic MnO2 layers which are 12 A(ring) apart. Neutron scattering results will be presented, showing antiferromagnetic order in zero field and a field-induced transition to weak ferromagnetism. This behavior is a direct consequence of the structural modulation which breaks the symmetry of two otherwise equivalent ordering directions of (010) and (100)−the latter being associated with weak ferromagnetism. Magnetic scattering has been observed at superlattice positions, suggesting that the displacement modulation affects the valence of the magnetic ions. Subtle differences in magnetic behavior are observed in similar compounds where Pb is substituted for Bi and Ca for Sr. These results will be discussed in terms of a modulated magnetic model.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5990-5990 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CopMg1−pO offers an excellent prototypical example for the study of antiferromagnetism in diluted fcc lattices. The system retains the same crystallographic structure (NaCl type) over the entire 0≤p≤1 range. The Co2+ ions form a randomly diluted fcc spin lattice with predominantly next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange coupling. No significant changes in J are expected with magnetic dilution, since the lattice parameter changes only slightly (∼1%) between p=1 and p=0. The χ(p,T) data1 for the system reveal a distinct crossover effect at p≈0.45. A similar behavior of the χ(p,T) curve was observed in an isostructural system EupSr1−pTe, and was interpreted as an AF→SG (SG=spin glass) transition.2 Recently, we have reported low-T neutron-diffraction data3 from CopMg1−pO samples with various p, showing a breakdown of the type-II AF long-range order (LRO) in the system at p≈0.47. In this paper we present the results of measurements of the temperature dependence of magnetic peak intensities and widths which provide a further evidence for a sharp LRO-SRO (short-range order) phase boundary in the system. However, neutron-diffraction data alone cannot answer the question of whether the SRO phase is a SG state. In order to obtain a closer understanding of the LRO-SRO transition in type-II antiferromagnets, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations on diluted fcc spin arrays. Since CopMg1−pO is an Ising-like system (due to significant crystal-field anisotropy), and some other materials of current interest (e.g., EupSr1−pTe) are Heisenberg systems, we discuss this question in context of simulation data obtained from both Heisenberg and Ising spin arrays.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: New zinc-blende Mn-based magnetic semiconductors offer unique insights into the magnetic order and critical behavior of frustrated antiferromagnets. Molecular beam epitaxy grown samples exist both in the form of strained superlattices, with strain induced anisotropies (MnSe/ZnSe and MnTe/ZnTe), and in the form of near-isotropic bulk MnTe. The tetragonally distorted strained superlattices exhibit a second-order phase transition, consistent with symmetry arguments favoring such behavior. In contrast, the bulk-like epitaxial layers of MnTe have a first-order phase transition, associated with magnetostriction, unknown to an unaccounted for by the previous studies.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5693-5698 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The National Institute of Standards and Technology has under development a major Cold Neutron Research Facility which, upon completion, will make available approximately 15 new neutron-scattering instruments located on neutron guides on the reactor cold source. This facility, which includes the National Science Foundation Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering, will be operated as a user facility, which is open via a proposal system to all scientists. This paper briefly reviews the types of cold neutron instruments that have particular relevance to magnetic problems. A discussion is given of neutron scattering from magnetic systems with examples of problems appropriate for the enhanced energy and wave-vector resolution of cold-source instruments. Included is a review of new experimental results and techniques that will be available, including reflectometry and grazing-angle diffraction, as well as more conventional techniques such as triple-axis inelastic scattering, small-angle scattering, and time-of-flight spectroscopy.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5733-5733 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the dependence of magnetic coupling strength on growth direction in superlattices made from alternating layers of Dy and Y metals. Using new molecular-beam epitaxy techniques, we have succeeded in growing high-quality single-crystal materials with structural coherence lengths 〉500 A(ring) and with the growth direction oriented along a, b, or c crystallographic axes by choice. In earlier work, we showed that, in c-axis samples, Dy layers order coherently via RKKY-like interactions propagated through Y layers up to about 150 A(ring) thick. Here we report neutron scattering data which show that Dy layers in b-axis samples fail to couple coherently even when the Y spacer layers are as thin as 26 A(ring). This observation can be explained in a semiquantitative way in terms of the anisotropy of the q-dependent susceptibility of Y, which exhibits a peak that is sharp in the c* direction but broad along a* and b*. As a result, the conduction-electron mediated exchange coupling through the Y layer is long ranged along c but short ranged along a and b. An interesting anisotropy of the magnetic coherence in b-axis samples is also observed.
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