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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication and radio frequency characterization of high dielectric loss tubule-based composites near percolation (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6109-6113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Microscopic lipid tubules with an average aspect ratio (length/diameter) of approximately 12 were metallized electrolessly with copper or nickel-over-copper, and mixed with vinyl to make foot-square composite dielectric panels. As loadings increased the metal tubule composites displayed an onset of electrical percolation with accompanying sharp increases in real and imaginary permittivities. Gravity-induced settling of the tubules while the vinyl was drying increased true loading density at percolation threshold for nickel/copper tubules to ∼12 vol %. This threshold was at a significantly lower loading density than that previously measured for percolation by composites containing spherical conducting particles. Qualitatively, the shape of the composite permittivity versus loading density curves followed predictions by the effective-mean field theory for conducting stick composites. Changes in permittivity of the vinyl panels were observed for several days after fabrication, and were apparently associated with solvent evaporation from the matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368925
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ x-ray photoemission studies of the oxidation of Y-Ba-Cu films (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6799-6802 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray photoemission has been used to investigate the formation of Y-Ba-Cu films on Si(100) and as an in situ probe of their subsequent oxidation to yield the associated oxide ceramic. The layers are prepared by coevaporation of the metallic components under ultrahigh vacuum, and pure alloy phases can be deposited at 300 K; reaction with the underlying substrate resulting in loss of Cu and incorporation by Si in the film takes place, however, at higher temperatures. Room-temperature oxidation stabilizes the film against this interaction and results in the preferential oxidation and surface segregation of barium at the expense of Cu. This segregation process becomes even more apparent during higher temperature (∼600 K) oxidation reactions. Chemical shifts and associated effects in x-ray photoelectron spectra are used to infer information on the chemical changes that occur in the film as oxidation proceeds. The thin-film phases prepared in situ in this work reveal a very similar surface composition to bulk superconducting samples prepared ex situ. This suggests that the surface segregation in bulk samples does not simply result from reaction with species such as water vapor, but instead may represent an equilibrium state of the oxide-oxygen interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342016
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical and UV x-ray imaging diagnostics for imploding plasma experiments (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2059-2059 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Trailmaster/Pioneer 1 series of imploding plasma experiments are aimed at using an inductive storage driver to implode an ultrathin aluminum foil with a multimegampere, submicrosecond electrical pulse. The power pulse is produced by an explosive flux compression generator and a fast plasma compression opening switch. The goal is to obtain an intense source of soft x rays from the thermalization of the plasma kinetic energy when pinch occurs on axis. An important target diagnostic is a fast camera which measures the dynamics of foil run-in and implosion symmetry. These measurements are made in the visible, UV, and x-ray portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. UV/x-ray images are first converted to visible light, then transmitted by visible light optics to a framing camera, which is located at a safe distance. For UV/soft x-ray imaging, we mount a disposable pinhole camera with a p-terphenyl-coated converter screen on the target chamber. For soft/hard x-ray imaging, a microchannel plate is used in front of the p-terphenyl-coated screen to boost quantum detection efficiency and signal gain. For faster temporal response the p-terphenyl can be replaced by NE-111 or other fast fluors. Image transmission is accomplished by means of two large mirrors (150–250 mm diam) and a large catadioptric telescope. The framing camera consists of four gated microchannel plates with adjustable gate and interframe times. The framing camera is a versatile and rugged instrument, it has performed satisfactorily for each and every Pioneer shot. Experimental data indicate that this camera, which uses individual gated microchannel plates, is far superior to commercial streak/framing cameras, because it has a dynamic range which is orders of magnitude larger than commercial cameras, each channel can be attenuated separately, further increasing the dynamic range of the imaging system. This makes our framing camera especially suitable for recording sequences of events where the brightness changes by many orders of magnitude. This work was performed under the auspices of U.S. DOE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138737
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Approaches to ultrafast neutron detectors (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1096-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We discuss two approaches to obtain neutron detectors of very high temporal resolution. In the first approach, a uranium-coated cathode is used in a streak tube configuration. Secondary electrons accompanying the fission fragments from a neutron-uranium reaction are accelerated, focused through a pinhole, and streaked. Calculations show that 20-ps time resolution can be obtained. In the second approach, a uranium-coated cathode is integrated into a transmission line. State-of-the-art technology indicates that a time resolution of 20 ps can be obtained by gating the cathode with a fast electric pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138234
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of thin wall imaging in the diagnosis of laser heated hohlraums : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 838-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High-Z, laser heated hohlraums can be made thick enough to contain thermal radiation, yet thin enough to let out x rays 〉∼6 keV produced by hot, relatively dense blow-off plasma. We use such "thin wall hohlraums" to observe the physical location of hot, dense, laser produced hohlraum plasmas. This technique has allowed us to come to some understanding of laser transport/deposition, plasma stagnation, and bulk plasma filling. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147703
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical and UV/x-ray imaging diagnostics for imploding plasma experiments (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2227-2229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We report on a fast framing camera designed to image imploding foils driven by inductive storage drivers. The camera has several front ends which are disposable, they allow for imaging in either the visible, UV, or x-ray regions; it also has very large dynamic range which allows it to record sequences of events where the brightness changes by many orders of magnitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138687
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of vacuum field emission from a self-assembling biomolecular microstructure composite (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 1556-1558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the first demonstration of vacuum field emission from an electron source fabricated from self-assembling biomolecular composite microstructures. Diacetylenic lipid DC8,9PC is used to form hollow, 0.5 μm diam, (approximately-greater-than)50 μm long, tubelike structures that are subsequently plated with metal and formed into an aligned composite in an epoxy matrix. The composite material is thin-sectioned across the axis of alignment and then etched to expose the plated tubules. The sharp edges of the exposed metal tubules produce a very large local electric field enhancement, allowing for the vacuum field emission of significant current densities at relatively low applied macroscopic fields (≤60–80 kV/cm).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107249
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oscillatory optical second-harmonic generation from Si(001) surface during thin-film epitaxy (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 933-935 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Periodic variation in optical second-harmonic generation during homoepitaxial growth of silicon on singular Si(001) surface is reported. The period of the oscillations corresponds to bilayer growth, and the oscillations are correlated with the mechanism associated with a two-dimensional layer-by-layer growth mode. This mechanism is tentatively attributed to periodic domain coverage variations analogous to the oscillatory response in linear optical technique of reflectance anisotropy. The current experiment, however, cannot distinguish this mechanism from another based on anisotropic second-harmonic generation response with respect to steps. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125634
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