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  • 1
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    Charcoal records of two sediment cores off SW Africa (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Daniau, Anne-Laure; Bartlein, Patrick J; Harrison, S P; Prentice, Iain Colin; Brewer, Simon; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Harrison-Prentice, T I; Inoue, J; Izumi, K; Marlon, Jennifer R; Mooney, Scott D; Power, Mitchell J; Stevenson, J; Tinner, Willy; Andric, M; Atanassova, J; Behling, Hermann; Black, M; Blarquez, O; Brown, K J; Carcaillet, C; Colhoun, Eric A; Colombaroli, Daniele; Davis, Basil A S; D'Costa, D; Dodson, John; Dupont, Lydie M; Eshetu, Z; Gavin, D G; Genries, A; Haberle, Simon G; Hallett, D J; Hope, Geoffrey; Horn, S P; Kassa, T G; Katamura, F; Kennedy, L M; Kershaw, A Peter; Krivonogov, S; Long, C; Magri, Donatella; Marinova, E; McKenzie, G Merna; Moreno, P I; Moss, Patrick T; Neumann, F H; Norstrom, E; Paitre, C; Rius, D; Roberts, Neil; Robinson, G S; Sasaki, N; Scott, Louis; Takahara, H; Terwilliger, V; Thevenon, Florian; Turner, R; Valsecchi, V G; Vannière, Boris; Walsh, M; Williams, N; Zhang, Yancheng (2012): Predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26(4), https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004249
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-13
    Description: We analyze sedimentary charcoal records to show that the changes in fire regime over the past 21,000 yrs are predictable from changes in regional climates. Analyses of paleo- fire data show that fire increases monotonically with changes in temperature and peaks at intermediate moisture levels, and that temperature is quantitatively the most important driver of changes in biomass burning over the past 21,000 yrs. Given that a similar relationship between climate drivers and fire emerges from analyses of the interannual variability in biomass burning shown by remote-sensing observations of month-by-month burnt area between 1996 and 2008, our results signal a serious cause for concern in the face of continuing global warming.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A general analysis of reactive ion transport in dynamic equilibrium (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 6907-6914 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a drift-tube analysis, an asymptotic solution for the transport of inter-reacting multiple ion swarms approaching to dynamic equilibrium is proposed. The solution describes a set of similar Gaussian profiles with two common "equilibrium'' transport coefficients. Although all the profiles apparently aggregate to the same location, there exists a slight peak difference between arbitrary two spectra. The difference holds even in the equilibrium. A generalized equilibrium constant is defined by the quotient of two reaction-frequency determinants. Those four kinetic constants are uniquely determined from the kinetic coefficients of all ion species without any influence of the initial conditions. The discrepancy between the thermal equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465834
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion beam deceleration characteristics of a high-current, mass-separated, low-energy ion beam deposition system (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3664-3671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Ion beam deceleration characteristics of a newly developed high-current, mass-separated, low-energy ion beam deposition system that utilizes an acceleration-deceleration method was studied. For realizing a high current ion beam of a mA level with energies down to 10 eV, the system developed is provided with a new ion beam deceleration system consisting of three cylindrical electrodes. Computer-simulated ion beam trajectory study indicates that ion beam convergence in the deceleration system required for suppressing the blowup of the ion beam due to the space charge effect depends on the electric potential distribution applied to these three electrodes. An Ar+ ion beam as high as 5.1 mA which is the highest ion current ever reported in the mass-separated, low-energy ion beam deposition system could be obtained at an ion energy of 100 eV under the optimum deceleration condition. Ion energy dependence of the Ar+ ion current at the target showing ion current decrease with the reduced ion energy was investigated utilizing a computer-simulated ion beam trajectory study. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147132
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    Formation mechanism of steep wave front in magnetized plasmas (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-01
    Description: Bifurcation from a streamer to a solitary drift wave is obtained in three dimensional simulation of resistive drift waves in cylindrical plasmas. The solitary drift wave is observed in the regime where the collisional transport is important as well as fluctuation induced transport. The solitary drift wave forms a steep wave front in the azimuthal direction. The phase of higher harmonic modes are locked to that of the fundamental mode, so that the steep wave front is sustained for a long time compared to the typical time scale of the drift wave oscillation. The phase entrainment between the fundamental and second harmonic modes is studied, and the azimuthal structure of the stationary solution is found to be characterized by a parameter which is determined by the deviation of the fluctuations from the Boltzmann relation. There are two solutions of the azimuthal structures, which have steep wave front facing forward and backward in the wave propagation direction, respectively. The selection criterion of these solutions is derived theoretically from the stability of the phase entrainment. The simulation result and experimental observations are found to be consistent with the theoretical prediction.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    A branch of energetic-particle driven geodesic acoustic modes due to magnetic drift resonance (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-04
    Description: Eigenmode analysis of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) driven by fast ions is performed, based on a set of gyrokinetic equations. Resonance to the magnetic drift of the fast ions can destabilize GAMs. A new branch is found in the family of GAMs, whose frequency is close to the magnetic drift frequency of the fast ions. The poloidal eigenfunction of this branch has bump structures in the poloidal direction where the resonance of the magnetic drift with the mode is strong. The ion heating rate by the GAMs is evaluated in the framework of quasi-linear theory. The heating is localized poloidally around the resonance locations. Owing to the bumps in the eigenfunction, the magnitude of the heating is much larger than that estimated without the magnetic drift resonance.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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