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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness dependence of magneto-optical properties in face-centered-cubic Co/Cu(001) ultrathin films : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4977-4979 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magneto-optical Kerr spectra of ultrathin Co films grown on Cu(001) surfaces have been measured in situ. The growth mode and the crystal structure have been investigating by reflection high-energy electron diffraction observation. A 20-A(ring)-thick fcc Co grown on Cu(001) had a lateral lattice constant of 3.59±0.01 A(ring), which was about 1.4% expanded compared with that of the bulk fcc Co. There was a remarkable difference above 4 eV in ωσyz spectra between 20- and 1000-A(ring)-thick films. ωσyz spectra for 20-A(ring)-thick Co film showed a resonance-type structure at around 5 eV. It is considered that the structure is caused by the lower energy shift of the 1→6 interband transitions due to the narrowing of the 3d bands. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361609
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic tunneling effect in Fe/Al2O3/Ni1−xFex junctions : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6262-6264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependence of the magnetoresistance ratio, ΔR/Rs, on the Ni content has been studied in Fe/Al2O3/Ni1−xFex (0≤x≤1) tunneling junctions. The value of ΔR/Rs at 4.2 K increased with increasing x and exhibited a maximum of ∼35% at x=0.8. The result is discussed by taking into account the spin-polarization of ferromagnetic electrodes. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362028
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical properties of amorphous InSb (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 395-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have presented experimental results for the optical constants of amorphous InSb films prepared by rf plasma deposition. The measured data are analyzed on the basis of a simplified model of nondirect optical transitions between the valence and conduction bands. Introducing a phenomenological damping effect into the model, the calculated spectra become structureless, which are typically observed in tetrahedrally bonded amorphous semiconductors. Results are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data over the entire range of photon energy (0.3–5.3 eV).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350721
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific heat of ferromagnetic compounds RNi (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5300-5302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The specific heats of the ferromagnetic compounds ErNi, GdNi, and HoNi were measured by means of the adiabatic method in the temperature range 2.2–100 K. The specific heats for these samples showed anomalies corresponding to the magnetic orders. For the result of ErNi above Tc we could analyze by Cv=γT+αT3. The electronic specific heat coefficient γ and the Debye temperature θD were estimated to be 90 mJ/mol K2 and 130 K, respectively. The magnetic entropy was discussed on the basis of the energy-level splitting due to the crystalline field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344589
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-wave motions in turbulent shear flows (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 6 (1994), S. 3454-3464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Direct Navier–Stokes simulation of the fully developed turbulent viscous incompressible fluid flows in an infinite circular pipe is performed. Calculations were carried out at Reynolds number Re=U¯2R/ν=4000, based on the mean velocity and pipe diameter. Numerical Navier–Stokes solutions obtained belong to the class of streamwise periodic solutions with large periods λmax=16πR(approximately-equal-to)7460ν/uτ, where uτ is the friction velocity. It is demonstrated that the most energetic Fourier components of velocity fluctuations correspond to very low nonzero longitudinal wave number α=2π/(0.5λmax)=0.25R−1(approximately-equal-to)1.7×10−3uτ/ν. These long-wavelength motions were not resolved before in numerous channel and pipe flow simulations carried out with periodicity lengths λmax〈2500ν/uτ. Space–time structure of the turbulent flow as well as associated wave-like motions are investigated. The possibility and accuracy of the velocity field approximation by the superposition of traveling and standing waves is analyzed. It is shown that the parameters of such a representation (wave amplitudes, phase velocities, the position of wave front, etc.) are strongly dependent on the inclusion of low longitudinal wave numbers in the Navier–Stokes simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.868402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axisymmetric problem of vortex sound with solid surfaces (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 4006-4015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A general formulation of the axisymmetric vortex sound is given, and three typical problems are considered in detail, in which the acoustic wave is generated by a vortex ring interacting with either a sphere, a circular disk, or a circular aperture of a plane wall in an axisymmetric manner. The velocity potentials induced by the vortex in the presence of the body are determined by the method of dual integral equations or the image vortex. From the vortex trajectories, the acoustic wave fields are determined. The method of matched asymptotic expansions yields the result that the force exerted on the body is related to the profile of the dipole component. It is also found that the wave amplitude is expressed in terms of the value of a streamfunction at the vortex position, which represents a hypothetical potential flow around the body and is defined appropriately in each problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865741
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small diameter nozzle plasma arc as a processing tool (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3384-3388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High-power-density plasma arc equipment with a small diameter nozzle of 0.1–0.3 mm has been developed, which produces power density of about 104 W/mm2 at the exit of the nozzle. The density is comparable to those produced by electron and laser beams. In the present article, development procedure, power density on the target surface, and processing capability in comparison to the conventional electron and laser beams are described. The power density as the processing heat source depends on the kind of processing. The apparent power density in cutting is of the order of 104 W/mm2; on the other hand, that in surface hardening is of the order of 102 W/mm2. The processing capability for causing melting such as cutting and welding does not depend on the working distance, which is defined as the distance between the torch and target material; furthermore, the deviation of the torch from the correct position does not affect the processing capability. The equipment developed is suitable for an automated production system because high precision position control of the torch is not required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142556
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local current distribution in a ferromagnetic tunnel junction measured using conducting atomic force microscopy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5206-5208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The local electrical properties were measured simultaneously with the topography for a Ta(50 Å)/Fe20Ni80(50 Å)/IrMn(150 Å)/Co(50 Å)/Al(13 Å)-oxide junction. The electrical image showed the contrast with around a few nm lateral size and a strong correlation with the topographical image was not observed. In the local current–voltage characteristics, data within the bias voltage of ±1.5 V were fitted well to Simmon's equation and we obtained the barrier height Φ=1.9 eV and the thickness d=12 Å. On the other hand, data with the bias voltages higher than 3 V were fitted well to Fowler–Nordheim equation. The histogram of current density was calculated by taking into consideration a Gaussian distribution of the barrier thickness and the height. The distribution of the barrier height can explain the experimental result realistically. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373296
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnon-assisted inelastic excitation spectra of a ferromagnetic tunnel junction (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5209-5211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Inelastic-electron-tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) has been applied to investigate the spin dependent tunneling process for a Ta(50 Å)/Fe20Ni80(60 Å)/IrMn(300 Å)/Co(60 Å)/Al(13 Å)-oxide/ Co(40 Å)/Fe20Ni80(200 Å) spin-valve-type tunnel junction. IET spectra for both parallel and antiparallel magnetization configurations of ferromagnetic electrodes showed a strong peak at 12 mV. The subtraction spectrum defined by the difference between the spectra of both the configurations was calculated. Spin-independent inelastic excitation processes are not affected by an external magnetic field, and thus, the subtraction spectrum indicates the inelastic modes induced only by the magnetic origin. It showed a strong peak at 12 and 20 mV for the positively and negatively biased direction of the bottom electrode, respectively. The tendency of the tunneling magnetoresistance ratio to decrease with bias voltage agreed with the shape of the subtraction spectrum. By assuming the surface magnon excitation, we obtained the distributions of the correlation length and the Curie temperature for both ferromagnetic electrode surfaces faced on the insulator. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373297
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of Co-R (R=Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Dy,Er) amorphous alloys (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5489-5491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetization and susceptibility have been measured in the temperature range 4.2–300 K for amorphous Co100−x Rx (R=Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Dy,Er; 50≤x≤70) alloys prepared by a liquid-quenching technique. All alloys show a normal ferromagnetic behavior at low temperatures and a Curie–Weiss-type temperature dependence of susceptibility in the paramagnetic regime except for the Co-Sm alloy system. In the case of the Co-Sm alloys, a field-cooling effect at lower temperatures and a temperature dependence of paramagnetic susceptibility similar to that of the Van Vleck ion are observed. From analysis of the average effective moment, it is concluded that the Co no longer sustains a moment above 60 at. % R.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342335
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