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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Millimeter wave polarimeter for characterizing high-power plasma heating systems (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1994-1998 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have built a millimeter wave polarimeter which measures wave polarization parameters: the polarization angle, and the ellipticity including field spin direction in an evacuated high-power system. The polarimeter was applied to diagnose the 1 MW level electron-cyclotron plasma heating system at 110 GHz for the DIII-D tokamak. We have observed the time-dependent behavior of the gyrotrons and have characterized and calibrated the high-power transmission system which consists of grooved mirror polarizers, miter bends, switches, and corrugated wave guides. This article describes the principle of operation and the design method of the polarimeter and the examples of measurements. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149701
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Between vapor and ice: Free water clusters studied by core level spectroscopy (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 546-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Core level x-ray absorption and photoemission spectra of free water clusters are presented. Core and valence photoemission spectra show a weak but gradual change with cluster size. Comparisons to spectra of the isolated molecule and solid ice indicate that water molecules have a lower average coordination in clusters than in the bulk solid. X-ray absorption spectra reveal spectral characteristics between the free molecule and the bulk. These are compared to similar spectra of the isolated molecule and solid ice, and discussed in connection to calculated structures. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479334
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coimplantation of silver and halogens in thin SiO2 films (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3915-3920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Silver and halogens, Br and Cl, were coimplanted into thin SiO2 films sandwiched on a field-effect structure. Compositional depth distribution and chemical states of the implants were measured by means of Auger electron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ion sensitivity of the surface layer was measured using a capacitive field-effect structure, electrolyte–insulator– semiconductor. Silver halides were found to be incorporated in SiO2 in addition to metallic silver. The distribution of the implanted silver sensitively responds to the reactive halogens subsequently implanted into a silver-containing surface. The solid phase of silver halides with a concentration of less than 10 at. % delivers a distinct ion sensing characteristic toward halide ions in an electrolyte solution, comparable to that of bulk material. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361817
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability of (Zn,Cd)(Se,S) heterostructures grown on GaAs (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4368-4372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have analyzed the thermal stability of ZnSe-based single quantum well structures grown on a GaAs substrate by applying a rapid thermal annealing process. The photoluminescence intensity of the quantum well was used as a monitor for the thermal changes induced by the annealing process. X-ray diffractometry yields information about the crystal quality and the strain condition before and after the thermal treatment. As a main result, we found that the thermal stability of the quantum well photoluminescence signal critically depends on the thickness of the II–VI buffer layer, i.e., the distance between the active layer and the GaAs-II–VI heterointerface. For a buffer layer thickness of about 38 nm, the quantum well signal is totally quenched after a 1 min annealing step at 500 °C, while clear luminescence signals can be observed in samples with a 1 μm buffer even for a 750 °C process. Additionally, by comparing CdZnSe/ZnSe and ZnSe/ZnSSe quantum wells, we found that the Cd–Zn interdiffusion seems to be more efficient than the S–Se interdiffusion. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361746
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopy of ionic alkali rare gas excimers in matrices (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 3920-3925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a clean preparation technique of doping alkali atoms in argon matrices, VUV emissions of the charge-transfer states of the ionic xenon–alkali excimers (XeA)+ have been measured. With synchrotron radiation as an excitation source, the ionic species were generated in the matrix and energy and time-resolved spectroscopy has been performed with synchrotron radiation as an excitation source. The emissions of the charge-transfer reaction: (Xe+A)→(XeA+)+hν have been observed for all ionic (XeA)+ excimers with energies in the VUV range between 6.05 and 7.4 eV. The excitation spectra revealed a primary formation process through direct ionization of the xenon; however, neutral xenon resonance states are also contributing. As obtained from lifetime measurements, the bands are assigned to the 0I−→0+ transition of the fine-structure components which account for the long decay time. An increase of the xenon concentration favors the formation of ionic trimers (Xe2A)+ whose emissions have also been identified. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473782
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Core level binding energy shifts and polarization screening: A combined experimental and theoretical study of argon clusters (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 1846-1854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photoelectron spectra of the argon 2p core level for free argon clusters of up to 4000 atoms are compared to detailed calculations. The comparison shows that the size-dependent shifts of the core level binding energy can be explained in a pure polarization-screening model. Important differences arise between the shifts for the bulk (interior) and the surface atoms. The agreement between experiment and theory allows the extrapolation of the cluster data to the "infinite'' solid. In this way we obtain the shifts of the core level binding energy between the free atom, the surface atom and the bulk of argon. The relation between these shifts and those of the first ionization potential is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470981
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamical properties of polymer comblike structures: Phantom network approximation (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 10701-10706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relaxation spectrum at long times has been calculated for comblike micronetworks of Gaussian chains with definite length L, number of subchains N, and generation order g. The calculation is based on the well-known phantom network approximation; thus excluded volume and entanglements effects are not considered. The longest relaxation time is in the present model of the order Ng and diverges for networks of infinite size. This model gives a reasonable phantom description of a rubberlike network with a large number of dangling ends. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469857
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-photon spectroscopy of xenon dimers in supersonic jets (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 6080-6093 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report experiments studying the fluorescence and two-photon excitation spectroscopy of xenon dimers and small clusters formed in supersonic jets. Under thermodynamic conditions for maximum dimer density, determined by two-photon resonant multiphoton ionized time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy, no fluorescence of free bound excimers correlating to Xe* 6p[1/2]0, 6p[3/2]2, or 6p[5/2]2 was observed; very weak excimer fluorescence was observed for the excimer correlated with Xe+Xe* 5d[1/2]1. Comparing the observed atomic fluorescence and measurements of the monomer–dimer ratio, we estimate predissociation lifetimes on the order of 10−3 of the expected radiative lifetime. TOF spectra are consistent with predissociation for all excimers except those correlating to 6p[5/2]2. At higher nozzle stagnation pressures, we observed fluorescence from vibrationally or electronically relaxed Xe2* excimers imbedded in helium clusters Hn, with 〈n〉 most probably 6 and 13. We report dispersed spectra, and using modeled reflection spectra, we assign the fluorescence spectra to 6p[1/2]00g+→6s[3/2]1B0u+, 6p[1/2]00g+→6s[3/2]11u, and 5d[1/2]10g+→6s[3/2]2A1u. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.474276
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Order fluctuations in the mesophase of polydiethylsiloxane as studied by the dipolar-correlation effect on the stimulated echo (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 9657-9665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Order fluctuations in polydiethylsiloxane (PDES) mesophase are studied using the dipolar-correlation effect on the stimulated echo. The attenuation of the stimulated echo is described on the basis of a two-site slow exchange model. The conclusion is that collective chain fluctuations result in temporarily and locally ordered and temporarily and locally defect-enriched states. The local order parameter is inhomogeneously distributed in the samples as indicated by the absence of any oscillatory modulation of the dipolar-correlation effect. The mean exchange time between the two mobility states varies in the temperature range of the mesophase between 0.1 and 1 s. It turned out to be an exponential function of the reduced temperature relative to the isotropization temperature. Apart from this implicit function no explicit dependence on the molecular weight could be detected. This suggests that the exchange phenomenon and the type of the order fluctuations are features universal for the PDES mesophase. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472774
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of excitonic energy levels in ArN clusters: Confinement of bulk, surface, and deep valence shell excitons (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 8269-8278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The evolution of excitonic energy levels (Wannier and Frenkel type) is investigated for ArN clusters in the range N=200–106 using fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. In the case of Wannier excitons, a pronounced blue shift of the absorption bands relative to the position in the infinite solid is observed. As a consequence of the lower dimensionality, the shift of the transition energy of surface excitons is considerably smaller than that of the bulk states of clusters. The evolution with size is discussed within several theoretical models for exciton confinement. In addition, model calculations are performed for bulk excitons which give good quantitative agreement with the experimental results. In the case of n=1 Frenkel or intermediate type excitons, there are blue and red shifts observed. The spectral shift of (3p→4s) and deep valence (3s→4p) excitations differs considerably. From the shift of the transition energies the exciton mass of the (3p→4s) exciton is derived. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471572
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