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  • 1
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    The local phase transitions of the solvent in the neighborhood of a solvophobic polymer at high pressures (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-27
    Description: We investigate local phase transitions of the solvent in the neighborhood of a solvophobic polymer chain which is induced by a change of the polymer-solvent repulsion and the solvent pressure in the bulk solution. We describe the polymer in solution by the Edwards model, where the conditional partition function of the polymer chain at a fixed radius of gyration is described by a mean-field theory. The contributions of the polymer-solvent and the solvent-solvent interactions to the total free energy are described within the mean-field approximation. We obtain the total free energy of the solution as a function of the radius of gyration and the average solvent number density within the gyration volume. The resulting system of coupled equations is solved varying the polymer-solvent repulsion strength at high solvent pressure in the bulk. We show that the coil-globule (globule-coil) transition occurs accompanied by a local solvent evaporation (condensation) within the gyration volume.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    A statistical theory of cosolvent-induced coil-globule transitions in dilute polymer solution (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-04
    Description: We present a statistical model of a dilute polymer solution in good solvent in the presence of low-molecular weight cosolvent. We investigate the conformational changes of the polymer induced by a change of the cosolvent concentration and the type of interaction between the cosolvent and the polymer. We describe the polymer in solution by the Edwards model, where the partition function of the polymer chain with a fixed radius of gyration is described in the framework of the mean-field approximation. The contributions of polymer-cosolvent and the cosolvent-cosolvent interactions in the total free energy are treated also within the mean-field approximation. For convenience we separate the system volume on two parts: the volume occupied by the polymer chain expressed through its gyration volume and the bulk solution. Considering the equilibrium between the two subvolumes we obtain the total free energy of the solution as a function of radius of gyration and the cosolvent concentration within gyration volume. After minimization of the total free energy with respect to its arguments we obtain a system of coupled equations with respect to the radius of gyration of the polymer chain and the cosolvent concentration within the gyration volume. Varying the interaction strength between polymer and cosolvent we show that the polymer collapse occurs in two cases—either when the interaction between polymer and cosolvent is repulsive or when the interaction is attractive. The reported effects could be relevant for different disciplines where conformational transitions of macromolecules in the presence of a cosolvent are of interest, in particular in biology, chemistry, and material science.
    Electronic ISSN: 1931-9223
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Femtosecond laser comb based subterahertz synthesizer (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-13
    Description: Functioning layout of a frequency comb-based subterahertz synthesizer is demonstrated. A primary subterahertz oscillator was phase-locked against the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser frequency comb down-converted to the subterahertz range by the semiconductor mixer. Synthesizer operation is demonstrated through Fabri-Perot resonator response curve recording experiment. Spectral purity of the synthesizer was estimated. The advantage of the comb-based synthesizer over the synthesizer based on the Agilent E8257D device was shown.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Scattering of trajectories at a separatrix under autoresonance (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-11
    Description: The subject of this paper is solutions of an autoresonance equation. We look for a connection between the parameters of the solution bounded as t   →−∞, and the parameters of two two-parameter families of solutions as t   → ∞. One family consists of the solutions which are not captured into resonance, and another of those increasing solutions which are captured into resonance. In this way we describe the transition through the separatrix for equations with slowly varying parameters and get an estimate for parameters before the resonance of those solutions which may be captured into autoresonance.
    Print ISSN: 0022-2488
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7658
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Electronic spin working mechanically (Review Article) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-31
    Description: A single-electron tunneling (SET) device with a nanoscale central island that can move with respect to the bulk source- and drain electrodes allows for a nanoelectromechanical (NEM) coupling between the electrical current through the device and mechanical vibrations of the island. Although an electromechanical “shuttle” instability and the associated phenomenon of single-electron shuttling were predicted more than 15 years ago, both theoretical and experimental studies of NEM-SET structures are still carried out. New functionalities based on quantum coherence, Coulomb correlations and coherent electron-spin dynamics are of particular current interest. In this article we present a short review of recent activities in this area.
    Print ISSN: 1063-777X
    Electronic ISSN: 1090-6517
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    A statistical theory of cosolvent-induced coil-globule transitions in dilute polymer solution (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-04
    Description: We present a statistical model of a dilute polymer solution in good solvent in the presence of low-molecular weight cosolvent. We investigate the conformational changes of the polymer induced by a change of the cosolvent concentration and the type of interaction between the cosolvent and the polymer. We describe the polymer in solution by the Edwards model, where the partition function of the polymer chain with a fixed radius of gyration is described in the framework of the mean-field approximation. The contributions of polymer-cosolvent and the cosolvent-cosolvent interactions in the total free energy are treated also within the mean-field approximation. For convenience we separate the system volume on two parts: the volume occupied by the polymer chain expressed through its gyration volume and the bulk solution. Considering the equilibrium between the two subvolumes we obtain the total free energy of the solution as a function of radius of gyration and the cosolvent concentration within gyration volume. After minimization of the total free energy with respect to its arguments we obtain a system of coupled equations with respect to the radius of gyration of the polymer chain and the cosolvent concentration within the gyration volume. Varying the interaction strength between polymer and cosolvent we show that the polymer collapse occurs in two cases—either when the interaction between polymer and cosolvent is repulsive or when the interaction is attractive. The reported effects could be relevant for different disciplines where conformational transitions of macromolecules in the presence of a cosolvent are of interest, in particular in biology, chemistry, and material science.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact storage rings Siberia-AS and Siberia-SM synchrotron radiation sources for lithography : INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1767-1770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The paper deals with two projects of compact superconducting storage rings for industrial production of integrated circuits (IC) using x-ray lithography within the 8- to 20-A(ring) wavelengths range. The azimuthally symmetric superconducting storage ring Siberia-AS at an energy of 600 MeV is a superconducting analog of VEP-1, one of the earliest storage rings in the world intended for the purposes of high-energy physics. Unlike the conventional design, no iron yoke is used in the storage ring under consideration to form the magnetic field at the equilibrium orbit and to close the return magnetic flux—this is performed by some inner and outer superconducting windings. Such a scheme enables the size of the storage ring to be substantially reduced (a cylinder of 2 m in diameter and 2 m long), and as a result, its weight decreases, too (about 10 tons). The eight-magnet storage ring Siberia-SM is of four-order symmetry so that the periodicity element comprises two rectangular magnets and three lenses. Its basic component is a superconducting bending rectangular magnet at a 6-T magnetic field. Two variants of such magnets have been proposed: in the first, the iron yoke is utilized to form the magnetic field and to close the return flux, while the second is an ironless C-shaped magnet manufactured on the basis of original wedgelike coils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140949
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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